Difference between revisions of "Kavya Pratapa"

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==Introduction==
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<b>All of my life I've been known as ‘Kavya Pratapa’</b>. I initially[[File:Screen Shot 2020-02-13 at 8.43.10 PM.png|400px|thumbnail|right|The images I see when I google 'Kavya Pratapa']] adopted this abbreviated version of my birth name to make navigating the social boundaries of school easier, and for the most part, it worked! While there were indeed some awkward moments when my birth name would make its appearance on attendance sheets, being referred to as 'Kavya' took away the stresses of having a name that no one could recognize or pronounce. It made it easier for me to interact with my teachers, friends, and classmates on a personal level.
All of my life I have been known as ‘Kavya Pratapa’. While my birth name is merely an extension of this name, I have adopted this abbreviated version to make navigating the social boundaries of school easier. Using ‘Kavya’ allowed my teachers, my friends, and my classmates to know who I was, since they could actually say my name. In a world where our name is a large part of our identity, I believed that being known as ‘Kavya’ made my social identity much more pronounced. Yet, as I embarked on this project, I realized that much of the information online about me was not about ‘Kavya Pratapa’, but actually about ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’(my birth name).  
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== Google Search ==
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In a world where our name forms a large part of our identity, I believed that being known as ‘Kavya’ made my identity, both offline and online, much more clear-cut. In fact, until I started college, I rarely ever wrote my full name on anything unless it was legal business. Therefore, when I embarked on this project to better understand my online identity, I expected to see a lot of information about myself under my abbreviated name. Yet, I quickly realized that much of the information online was not about ‘Kavya Pratapa’, but actually about ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’ <b>(my birth name)</b>.  
Something that I found to be interesting was how quickly the search results on Google would change when my query was my full birth name vs. my abbreviated name. When I googled my abbreviated name ‘Kavya Pratapa’, most of my social media accounts, like Facebook and Instagram came up. However, at the same time, a lot of the other search results were about a Bollywood film in which the lead actress’s name was ‘Kavya Pratap’. This was pretty surprising to me, especially since I have mostly used ‘Kavya Pratapa’ as my name throughout my educational journey so far. I expected to see more information about me that wasn’t just my social media accounts. On the other hand, when I googled my given birth name ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’, all of the results were pertinent to me! The top two search results were my LinkedIn and WayUp profiles, but I also saw plenty of local newspaper articles about me from 2012 when I used to compete in spelling bee competitions. As I moved through the search result pages, I found random blogs that contained my name in pertinence to the spelling bees and even saw that there had been a Twitter hashtag of the word that I misspelled in the 2012 National Spelling Bee. It was pretty shocking to realize how many different sources of information contained my name, especially since I had never seen any of these results before!
+
  
Though I am aware of the dangers of having my online identity compromised, I have never given much thought to how easily my information online can be accessed. As Luciano Floridi writes “It’s not that we don’t care about privacy, but that we accept that being online may be one of the less private things about our life”. After having conducted my own “google search” of my name, I realized that there was a lot of data about me out there.  I was pretty surprised to see information about me from 8 or 10 years ago still capable of being accessed easily. Yet, at the same time, none of the information that I found online by googling my name was information that was particularly disturbing or harmful to my carefully-crafted online self. While I realized that I had no control over whether I wanted to disclose that information or not on these random sites, none of the information was “sensitive” or harmful to my own identity. Therefore, I wasn’t incredibly concerned with the information I found on these random sites.
 
  
== Data Broker Reports==
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==<b> My 'Google' Identity</b> ==
As I looked through my data broker report, nothing seemed out of the ordinary. The first couple pages were pulled from my Linkedin feed, though I did notice some inaccuracies. For example, I wrote on my profile that I would be interning at Deloitte this summer, but also had my previous summer internship at Denison Consulting in Ann Arbor listed. When I looked at my report, however, the same company ‘Denison Consulting’ was listed for both my upcoming and my current internships. Another discrepancy I noticed was in my education section of the same ‘Linkedin section’. Prior to having been accepted to the business minor, I was a part of the Cappo Sales Track program through the Ross School of Business. Even though I have updated my Linkedin profile to reflect my most current educational pursuits, my databroker profile still pulled data supposedly from one or two years ago when I was unsure of what my minor would be. As a result, this data is no longer accurate with what my educational pursuits are today.
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===Search Query: 'Kavya Pratapa' ===
 +
When I first googled my abbreviated name <b>‘Kavya Pratapa’,</b> most of my social media accounts (e.g. Facebook and Instagram) came up. Within the first page of my search results, I found details about some Quiz Bowl competitions from high school, a couple of local newspaper articles about me from when I used to compete in spelling bee competitions, and information about my Youtube account that I no longer use. However, I very quickly noticed that after <b>5 or 6 pertinent search results</b>, the information that came up was not related to me in any way. In fact, a lot of the other search results were about a Bollywood film in which the lead actress’s name was ‘Kavya Pratap Singh’ (see above image).  
  
Something that I was excited to see in my databroker profile was my previous places of residence. I have done all of my schooling in the Ann Arbor - Ypsilanti area, but I lived in Troy, Michigan and Dearborn, Michigan in the past. It was pretty interesting to see the exact addresses of the places I lived in within these cities. While I am not sure how accurate these addresses are since I moved to this area when I was only four, it was still interesting to see my places of residence ‘dug up’ by the data broker service. I was concerned to see the large amount of sex offenders that lived in my area. Growing up, I knew that Ypsilanti wasn’t one of the safest areas to live in, but I never paid that much attention to my surroundings. Since there were some discrepancies in the way my ‘Linkedin’ information was presented, I am curious to know how accurate Instant Checkmate is in terms of reporting sex offenders and possibly on other individuals who have committed crimes and live within your general community.
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===Search Query: 'Kavyapranati Pratapa' ===
 +
On the other hand, when I googled[[File:Screen_Shot_2020-02-13_at_10.09.49_PM.png|400px|thumbnail|right|The first 4 Images when I googled my full name ]] my given birth name <b>‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’,</b> I was able to find almost <b>5 pages of content</b> that all had relevance to me! The top two search results were my Linkedin and WayUp profiles, but I also saw many more local newspaper articles about me from my spelling bee days within the first two pages. As I moved through the search results, I even found random blogs and discussion threads about the National Spelling Bee competitions that contained my name, with one user commenting how <em>"with a name like Kavyapranati Pratapa, they can spell anything"</em>. What was most surprising, however, was finding a <b>hashtag on Twitter</b> of the very word that I misspelled in the 2012 National Spelling Bee!
  
===Google vs. Data Broker Reports===
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<br style = "margin-top:5px;">Apart from [[File:Screen Shot 2020-02-13 at 8.34.52 PM.png|350px|thumbnail|left|My very own Twitter Hashtag]]'spelling bee' related results, there were a couple pages that contained my name from other activities, such as my vocal performances, my Medium blog that I don't post on anymore, the university's Honors Convocation last year, and even under another data broker service <b>FastPeopleSearch.com</b>. It was pretty shocking to see how many different sources of information contained my name. There was just too much out there.
Lastly, echoing the phenomenon I observed when I googled myself, I noticed that under my social media profiles, only Linkedin and my email popped up. This is likely due to the fact that my Facebook and Instagram accounts feature my abbreviated name ‘Kavya Pratapa’. This led me to ask the same question as Haimson & Hoffman in their ‘Constructing and enforcing “authentic' ' identity online’: what constitutes as my authentic or real identity? To me, both of my names ‘Kavya Pratapa’ and ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’ are parts of my authentic self. While I was given one name by my parents and only use it for professional and official purposes, my abbreviated name ‘Kavya’ allows me to socially assimilate to a greater degree since it’s easier to pronounce. Yet, on InstantCheckmate, these two names seem to be independent of one another. I couldn’t view any data on my Facebook or Instagram accounts since they were under my abbreviated name for social purposes. While I am not incredibly active on either platform, this is still data that provides insight into my social life. I don’t get that picture of myself if I rely only on my databroker profile.
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This led me to wonder if the ‘self’ perpetrated by my data broker report is the ‘self’ that I want to project. While there were a lot of sex offenders on my profile, that is more a consequence of where I live rather than who I am. Apart from that, all of the information about me was a pretty positive depiction of myself: I am a student at the University of Michigan’s School of Information, I have had research experience, and I have had professional experience in the field of consulting. In a lot of ways, my data broker profile echoes the same version of myself as my ‘google search’ results: <b>A university student who has always been involved in academic pursuits.</b>
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===Self via Google===
 +
Although I am aware of the dangers of having my online identity compromised, I have never given much thought to how easily my information online  could be accessed. As Luciano Floridi writes “It’s not that we don’t care about privacy, but that we accept that being online may be one of the less private things about our life”. More than anything, I was pretty surprised to see information about me from 8 or 10 years ago so easily accessible. These were aspects about my identity that I didn't know were out there for anyone to view.
  
==Conclusion==
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While I realized that I had little control over whether I wanted to disclose such information or not, none of what I saw about myself was compromising my carefully-crafted online self. Therefore, I wasn’t incredibly concerned over my lack of informational privacy. <b>It simply wasn't harmful to me</b>.
In conclusion, both my pursuits of a ‘google search’ and reviewing my data broker profile did not portray a version of myself that I found to be compromising of my identity online. At the same time, however, carrying two different names that I view as the exact same, portrayed an essentially biased version of myself, a curated version. While I don’t find this to be concerning since the curated version is ultimately a positive one, I did realize that my online identity is not the complete picture of myself. Academics have always been important to me, but I find having fun and spending time with friends is just as important, a feature of myself that neither my data broker profile nor my google search results of my full name depict. It’s only when I use my social identity ‘Kavya’ that you start to see me as beyond academics. But, with that identity, you only see my social identity.While I would rather have the professional, curated version of myself online, it isn’t the complete picture, or the most authentic representation of who I am.
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 +
==<b>My Instant Checkmate Identity</b>==
 +
===The Inaccuracies ===
 +
 
 +
Likewise, as I looked through my data broker report, nothing seemed out of the ordinary or particularly harmful. The first couple pages were pulled from my Linkedin profile, though I did notice some inaccuracies in what was reported. For example, I wrote on my profile that I would be interning at Deloitte Consulting this summer, but also had my previous summer internship at [[File:Screen_Shot_2020-02-13_at_8.46.55_PM.png|400px|right|thumbnail|The First Page of my Instant checkmate Report]]Denison Consulting in Ann Arbor listed. When I looked at my report, however, the same company ‘Denison Consulting’ was listed for both my upcoming and my current internships.
 +
 
 +
Another discrepancy I noticed was in my education of the same ‘Linkedin section’. Prior to having been accepted to the business minor, I was a part of the Cappo Sales Track program through the Ross School of Business. Even though I have now updated my Linkedin profile to reflect my most current educational pursuits, my data broker profile depicted results from when I was still unsure of what my minor would be. As a result, this data is no longer accurate with what my educational pursuits are today.
 +
 
 +
===The Interesting Details ===
 +
Something that was interesting to see in my data broker profile were my previous areas of residence. I have done all of my schooling in the Ann Arbor - Ypsilanti area, but I've lived in Troy, Michigan and Dearborn, Michigan in the past. It was pretty intriguing to see the exact addresses of the places I lived in within these cities mentioned in my report. Until I saw this data, I didn't even know where I lived in these cities! At the same time, however, the fact that my residence information is accessible to anyone who utilizes a data broker service like Instant Checkmate was pretty shocking to me and made me realize how information that I always thought was 'private' was <b>not</b> private.
 +
 
 +
I was also concerned to see the large amount of sex offenders that lived in my area. Growing up, I knew that Ypsilanti wasn’t one of the safest areas to live in, but I never paid that much attention to my surroundings. While learning this information certainly hasn't changed my decision to leave Ypsilanti by any means, I am a little bit more aware of my surroundings and the demographics of the people that live in my general community. Lastly, echoing the phenomenon I observed when I googled myself, I noticed that only my Linkedin profile and email popped up under the social media category of the report. Though I was baffled at first, I eventually realized that neither my Facebook nor my Instagram accounts would be 'dug up' by the data broker since they both feature my <b>abbreviated name</b> ‘Kavya Pratapa’.
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 +
This led me to ask the same question that Haimson & Hoffman reference in their ‘Constructing and Enforcing “Authentic" Identity Online’: <b>which name constitutes as my authentic or <em>real</em> identity?</b>
 +
 
 +
==<b>My Online Self - Instant Checkmate & Google</b> ==
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For me, both of my names ‘Kavya Pratapa’ and ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’ are parts of my authentic self. While I only use my full name for professional and official purposes, my abbreviated name ‘Kavya’ has allowed me to socially assimilate to a greater degree. Yet, on Instant Checkmate,  these two names seem to be independent of one another. As 'Kavyapranati Pratapa', I couldn’t view any information about my Facebook or Instagram accounts via the Instant Checkmate report. While I am not incredibly active on either platform, it's still data that provides valuable insight into my social life, such as the student organizations I'm a part of on campus or the people I choose to hang out with. Unlike what I was expecting, I realized that my Instant Checkmate profile <b>did not provide me with a complete picture of who I was</b>.
 +
 
 +
This led me to wonder whether the versions of myself I was seeing on Google and on my data broker report were consistent with one another. While the presence of several sex offenders on my Instant Checkmate profile was a mild "blow" to the 'self' that I wanted to project, that is more a consequence of where I live rather than who I am. Apart from that, all of the information about me via Google and Instant Checkmate depicted a pretty positive version of myself: I am a student at a world class institution like the University of Michigan, I have had the opportunity to engage in a variety of experiences beyond my classes such as research, and I have been able to pursue professional opportunities in the consulting industry. In a lot of ways, my data broker profile echoes the same version of myself as my 'google search' results: <b>A university student who has always been involved in academic and professional pursuits.</b>
 +
 
 +
===Spheres of Identity ===
 +
I realized that conducting both a ‘google search’ and a review of my data broker profile did not portray a version of myself that I found to be compromising of my identity online. However, having two different names, though both are equally important to my identity, [[File:6a0120a8cae999970b01a5119de533970c-2.png|250px|right|thumbnail|We all exist in different spheres based on who we interact with]] portrayed an essentially curated but positive version of myself. I also realized that my online identity, depending on which name I use, only depicts one sphere of my life at a time.  
 +
 
 +
When I first searched myself as 'Kavya Pratapa', I did see some information that was pertinent to my previous academic ventures, but for the most part, only saw my social media accounts. On the other hand, searching myself as 'Kavyapranati Pratapa' provided me with results mostly related to my academic and professional life. Academics have always been important to me and are still crucial to my identity, but I realized that having fun and spending time with my friends is just as important to my own understanding of who I am. It’s only when I use my identity ‘Kavya’ that you start to see me as someone beyond academics and schoolwork. In a way, my abbreviated name becomes my ticket to seeing my curated online social identity [<b>Sphere 1</b>] while my full name depicts my curated online professional identity [<b>Sphere 2</b>].
 +
 
 +
But, this isn't that far off from our offline lives. Our close friends in a social setting don't experience the part of ourselves that goes to work at 7 am in the morning, just as our colleagues don't see our 'wild side' at parties. Depending on who we are interacting with, different parts of our identity come into play, and our behaviors reflect the persona that we are trying to portray. While I was initially surprised that I could not find a complete picture of who I was online, I realized as I was completing this project that my offline interactions don't really provide me with a complete picture of who I am either.
 +
 
 +
Because at the end of the day, I, like everyone else, exist in multiple spheres. <b>And I'm okay with that</b>.
 +
 
 +
==<b>References</b> ==
 +
 
 +
5, Privacy.” The 4th Revolution: How the Infosphere Is Reshaping Human Reality, by Luciano Floridi, Oxford University Press, 2016, pp. 110–110.
 +
 
 +
Haimson, O. L., & Hoffmann, A. L. (2016). Constructing and enforcing" authentic" identity online: Facebook, real names, and non-normative identities. First Monday, 21(6).
 +
 
 +
Shoemaker, David W. “Self-Exposure and Exposure of the Self: Informational Privacy and the Presentation of Identity.” Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 1, 2009, pp. 3–15., doi:10.1007/s10676-009-9186-x.

Latest revision as of 19:59, 28 February 2020

All of my life I've been known as ‘Kavya Pratapa’. I initially
The images I see when I google 'Kavya Pratapa'
adopted this abbreviated version of my birth name to make navigating the social boundaries of school easier, and for the most part, it worked! While there were indeed some awkward moments when my birth name would make its appearance on attendance sheets, being referred to as 'Kavya' took away the stresses of having a name that no one could recognize or pronounce. It made it easier for me to interact with my teachers, friends, and classmates on a personal level.

In a world where our name forms a large part of our identity, I believed that being known as ‘Kavya’ made my identity, both offline and online, much more clear-cut. In fact, until I started college, I rarely ever wrote my full name on anything unless it was legal business. Therefore, when I embarked on this project to better understand my online identity, I expected to see a lot of information about myself under my abbreviated name. Yet, I quickly realized that much of the information online was not about ‘Kavya Pratapa’, but actually about ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’ (my birth name).


My 'Google' Identity

Search Query: 'Kavya Pratapa'

When I first googled my abbreviated name ‘Kavya Pratapa’, most of my social media accounts (e.g. Facebook and Instagram) came up. Within the first page of my search results, I found details about some Quiz Bowl competitions from high school, a couple of local newspaper articles about me from when I used to compete in spelling bee competitions, and information about my Youtube account that I no longer use. However, I very quickly noticed that after 5 or 6 pertinent search results, the information that came up was not related to me in any way. In fact, a lot of the other search results were about a Bollywood film in which the lead actress’s name was ‘Kavya Pratap Singh’ (see above image).

Search Query: 'Kavyapranati Pratapa'

On the other hand, when I googled
The first 4 Images when I googled my full name
my given birth name ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’, I was able to find almost 5 pages of content that all had relevance to me! The top two search results were my Linkedin and WayUp profiles, but I also saw many more local newspaper articles about me from my spelling bee days within the first two pages. As I moved through the search results, I even found random blogs and discussion threads about the National Spelling Bee competitions that contained my name, with one user commenting how "with a name like Kavyapranati Pratapa, they can spell anything". What was most surprising, however, was finding a hashtag on Twitter of the very word that I misspelled in the 2012 National Spelling Bee!
Apart from
My very own Twitter Hashtag
'spelling bee' related results, there were a couple pages that contained my name from other activities, such as my vocal performances, my Medium blog that I don't post on anymore, the university's Honors Convocation last year, and even under another data broker service FastPeopleSearch.com. It was pretty shocking to see how many different sources of information contained my name. There was just too much out there.

Self via Google

Although I am aware of the dangers of having my online identity compromised, I have never given much thought to how easily my information online could be accessed. As Luciano Floridi writes “It’s not that we don’t care about privacy, but that we accept that being online may be one of the less private things about our life”. More than anything, I was pretty surprised to see information about me from 8 or 10 years ago so easily accessible. These were aspects about my identity that I didn't know were out there for anyone to view.

While I realized that I had little control over whether I wanted to disclose such information or not, none of what I saw about myself was compromising my carefully-crafted online self. Therefore, I wasn’t incredibly concerned over my lack of informational privacy. It simply wasn't harmful to me.

My Instant Checkmate Identity

The Inaccuracies

Likewise, as I looked through my data broker report, nothing seemed out of the ordinary or particularly harmful. The first couple pages were pulled from my Linkedin profile, though I did notice some inaccuracies in what was reported. For example, I wrote on my profile that I would be interning at Deloitte Consulting this summer, but also had my previous summer internship at
The First Page of my Instant checkmate Report
Denison Consulting in Ann Arbor listed. When I looked at my report, however, the same company ‘Denison Consulting’ was listed for both my upcoming and my current internships.

Another discrepancy I noticed was in my education of the same ‘Linkedin section’. Prior to having been accepted to the business minor, I was a part of the Cappo Sales Track program through the Ross School of Business. Even though I have now updated my Linkedin profile to reflect my most current educational pursuits, my data broker profile depicted results from when I was still unsure of what my minor would be. As a result, this data is no longer accurate with what my educational pursuits are today.

The Interesting Details

Something that was interesting to see in my data broker profile were my previous areas of residence. I have done all of my schooling in the Ann Arbor - Ypsilanti area, but I've lived in Troy, Michigan and Dearborn, Michigan in the past. It was pretty intriguing to see the exact addresses of the places I lived in within these cities mentioned in my report. Until I saw this data, I didn't even know where I lived in these cities! At the same time, however, the fact that my residence information is accessible to anyone who utilizes a data broker service like Instant Checkmate was pretty shocking to me and made me realize how information that I always thought was 'private' was not private.

I was also concerned to see the large amount of sex offenders that lived in my area. Growing up, I knew that Ypsilanti wasn’t one of the safest areas to live in, but I never paid that much attention to my surroundings. While learning this information certainly hasn't changed my decision to leave Ypsilanti by any means, I am a little bit more aware of my surroundings and the demographics of the people that live in my general community. Lastly, echoing the phenomenon I observed when I googled myself, I noticed that only my Linkedin profile and email popped up under the social media category of the report. Though I was baffled at first, I eventually realized that neither my Facebook nor my Instagram accounts would be 'dug up' by the data broker since they both feature my abbreviated name ‘Kavya Pratapa’.

This led me to ask the same question that Haimson & Hoffman reference in their ‘Constructing and Enforcing “Authentic" Identity Online’: which name constitutes as my authentic or real identity?

My Online Self - Instant Checkmate & Google

For me, both of my names ‘Kavya Pratapa’ and ‘Kavyapranati Pratapa’ are parts of my authentic self. While I only use my full name for professional and official purposes, my abbreviated name ‘Kavya’ has allowed me to socially assimilate to a greater degree. Yet, on Instant Checkmate, these two names seem to be independent of one another. As 'Kavyapranati Pratapa', I couldn’t view any information about my Facebook or Instagram accounts via the Instant Checkmate report. While I am not incredibly active on either platform, it's still data that provides valuable insight into my social life, such as the student organizations I'm a part of on campus or the people I choose to hang out with. Unlike what I was expecting, I realized that my Instant Checkmate profile did not provide me with a complete picture of who I was.

This led me to wonder whether the versions of myself I was seeing on Google and on my data broker report were consistent with one another. While the presence of several sex offenders on my Instant Checkmate profile was a mild "blow" to the 'self' that I wanted to project, that is more a consequence of where I live rather than who I am. Apart from that, all of the information about me via Google and Instant Checkmate depicted a pretty positive version of myself: I am a student at a world class institution like the University of Michigan, I have had the opportunity to engage in a variety of experiences beyond my classes such as research, and I have been able to pursue professional opportunities in the consulting industry. In a lot of ways, my data broker profile echoes the same version of myself as my 'google search' results: A university student who has always been involved in academic and professional pursuits.

Spheres of Identity

I realized that conducting both a ‘google search’ and a review of my data broker profile did not portray a version of myself that I found to be compromising of my identity online. However, having two different names, though both are equally important to my identity,
We all exist in different spheres based on who we interact with
portrayed an essentially curated but positive version of myself. I also realized that my online identity, depending on which name I use, only depicts one sphere of my life at a time.

When I first searched myself as 'Kavya Pratapa', I did see some information that was pertinent to my previous academic ventures, but for the most part, only saw my social media accounts. On the other hand, searching myself as 'Kavyapranati Pratapa' provided me with results mostly related to my academic and professional life. Academics have always been important to me and are still crucial to my identity, but I realized that having fun and spending time with my friends is just as important to my own understanding of who I am. It’s only when I use my identity ‘Kavya’ that you start to see me as someone beyond academics and schoolwork. In a way, my abbreviated name becomes my ticket to seeing my curated online social identity [Sphere 1] while my full name depicts my curated online professional identity [Sphere 2].

But, this isn't that far off from our offline lives. Our close friends in a social setting don't experience the part of ourselves that goes to work at 7 am in the morning, just as our colleagues don't see our 'wild side' at parties. Depending on who we are interacting with, different parts of our identity come into play, and our behaviors reflect the persona that we are trying to portray. While I was initially surprised that I could not find a complete picture of who I was online, I realized as I was completing this project that my offline interactions don't really provide me with a complete picture of who I am either.

Because at the end of the day, I, like everyone else, exist in multiple spheres. And I'm okay with that.

References

5, Privacy.” The 4th Revolution: How the Infosphere Is Reshaping Human Reality, by Luciano Floridi, Oxford University Press, 2016, pp. 110–110.

Haimson, O. L., & Hoffmann, A. L. (2016). Constructing and enforcing" authentic" identity online: Facebook, real names, and non-normative identities. First Monday, 21(6).

Shoemaker, David W. “Self-Exposure and Exposure of the Self: Informational Privacy and the Presentation of Identity.” Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 1, 2009, pp. 3–15., doi:10.1007/s10676-009-9186-x.