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| | ;Power Stage | | ;Power Stage |
| | :In the final stage, the technology is commonly available and made more effective with the convergence of other technological structures. Most of society is directly or indirectly affected by its integration, and the decreased costs increase application. To test for societal impact, Moor suggests imagining the absence of the particular technology and judging to what extent our culture would alter. He therefore attributes electricity as a technological revolution, but not toasters, despite their convenience. | | :In the final stage, the technology is commonly available and made more effective with the convergence of other technological structures. Most of society is directly or indirectly affected by its integration, and the decreased costs increase application. To test for societal impact, Moor suggests imagining the absence of the particular technology and judging to what extent our culture would alter. He therefore attributes electricity as a technological revolution, but not toasters, despite their convenience. |
| − | [[Image: Moor_-_technological_revolution.png|thumb|border|frame|center||link=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1133865|Broken down: characteristics of a developing technological revolution]]
| + | |
| | By completing each stage of revolutionary progression, the technological development will typically hold certain intrinsic qualities that increase the onset of ethical dilemma: malleability and convergence. | | By completing each stage of revolutionary progression, the technological development will typically hold certain intrinsic qualities that increase the onset of ethical dilemma: malleability and convergence. |
| | [[Image: Moor_-_malleability.png|thumb|75px|border|frame|right|Forms of malleability]] | | [[Image: Moor_-_malleability.png|thumb|75px|border|frame|right|Forms of malleability]] |
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| | In collaboration with Herman T. Tavani, Moor creates the [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Restricted_Access.2FLimited_Control_Theory_.28RALC.29 Restricted Access/Limited Control Theory (RALC)], a hybrid of the preexisting theories relating to [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment Privacy in the Online Environment], [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Control_Theory Control], and [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Limitation_Theory Limitation Theory]. In short, the RALC theory states that the user has privacy to his personal information depending on the context of the situation; 'privacy' is context sensitive, and it is not the information itself but the circumstance or zone of privacy that is analyzed in deciding the rights of its users. | | In collaboration with Herman T. Tavani, Moor creates the [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Restricted_Access.2FLimited_Control_Theory_.28RALC.29 Restricted Access/Limited Control Theory (RALC)], a hybrid of the preexisting theories relating to [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment Privacy in the Online Environment], [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Control_Theory Control], and [https://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/SI410%20Ethics%20and%20IT/index.php/Privacy_in_the_Online_Environment#Limitation_Theory Limitation Theory]. In short, the RALC theory states that the user has privacy to his personal information depending on the context of the situation; 'privacy' is context sensitive, and it is not the information itself but the circumstance or zone of privacy that is analyzed in deciding the rights of its users. |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Publications<ref>James H. Moor's Curriculum Vitae</ref>==
| |
| − | [[Image:0077286154_s-1-.jpg|thumb|right|The Logic Book]]
| |
| − | ===Books===
| |
| − | * The Logic Book, (with Merrie Bergmann and Jack Nelson) New York: Random House, Inc., 1980. 2nd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1990. 3rd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1998. 4th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2004. 5th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2009.
| |
| − | * Solutions to Selected Exercises in The Logic Book, (with Merrie Bergmann and Jack Nelson) New York: Random House, Inc., 1980. 2nd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1990. 3rd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1998. 4th Edition as CD, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2004. 5th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2009.
| |
| − | * Instructor's Manual for The Logic Book, (with Merrie Bergmann and Jack Nelson) New York: Random House, Inc., 1980. 2nd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1990. 3rd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1998. 4th Edition as CD, New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2004.
| |
| − | * The Digital Phoenix: How Computers Are Changing Philosophy (edited with Terrell Ward Bynum), Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Revised edition, 2000.
| |
| − | * La fenice digitale: come I computer stanno cambiando la filosofia. (with Terrell Ward Bynum). Milano: Apogeo, 2000. [Italian translation of the Digital Phoenix]
| |
| − | * Cyberphilosophy: The Intersection of Philosophy and Computing, (edited with Terrell Ward Bynum) Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 2002.
| |
| − | * The Turing Test: The Elusive Standard of Artificial Intelligence, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.
| |
| − | * Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology, (co-edited with Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, and John Weckert) Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ====Journal Editorships====
| |
| − | * Minds and Machines, Co-editor with James Fetzer, Volume 12 (2002).
| |
| − | * Minds and Machines, Editor-in-Chief, Volumes 13 (2003) – present
| |
| − | * Nanoethics, Editor, Volume 1 (2007) – present
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ====Special Issue Journal Editing====
| |
| − | * The Power of the Net, editor of special issue of Ethics and Information Technology Vol.1, No. 2, Spring, 1999.
| |
| − | * The Turing Test: Past, Present, and Future, editor of special issue of Minds and Machines, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2000.
| |
| − | * "CEPE 2000, Computer Ethics: Philosophical Enquiry," special section editor (with Deborah Johnson and Herman Tavani) Computers & Society, Vol. 30, No. 4, 2000.
| |
| − | * The Turing Test: Past, Present, and Future (continued), editor of special issue of Minds and Machines, Vo.l. 11, No. 1, 2001.
| |
| − | * “Computer Ethics: Philosophical Enquiry”, editor (with Deborah Johnson and Herman Tavani) of special issue of Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2001.
| |
| − | * Cyberphilosophy: The Intersection of Philosophy and Computing, (edited with Terrell Ward Bynum), Metaphilosophy , Vol. 33, Nos.1/2 , 2002. Continued in Metaphilosophy , Vol. 33, No. 3, 2002, pp. 337-386.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Research Articles===
| |
| − | * "An Analysis of the Turing Test," Philosophical Studies, Vol. 30, No. 4 (1976), pp. 249-257. Reprinted in The Turing Test: Verbal Behavior as the Hallmark of Intelligence, edited by Stuart Shieber, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Bradford Books, MIT Press, 2004, pp. 297-306.
| |
| − | * "The Cancellation of Symmetrical Contraries and the Principle of Significant Contradictories," Philosophy of Science, Vol. 43, No. 4 (1976), pp. 550-559.
| |
| − | * "Rationality and the Social Sciences," Proceedings of the 1976 Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, Vol. 1 (1976), pp. 3-11.
| |
| − | * "Three Myths of Computer Science," The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 29 (1978), pp. 213-222.
| |
| − | * "Explaining Computer Behavior," Philosophical Studies, Vol. 34 (1978), pp. 325-327. Reprinted in The Turing Test: Verbal Behavior as the Hallmark of Intelligence, edited by Stuart Shieber, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Bradford Books, MIT Press, 2004, pp. 311-314.
| |
| − | * "Are There Decisions Computers Should Never Make?" Nature and System, Vol. 1, No. 4 (1979), pp. 217-229. Reprinted in Ethical Issues in the Use of Computers by Deborah G. Johnson and John W. Snapper, Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1985, pp. 120-130. Translated into Spanish and reprinted in Informatica y sociedad. Reprinted in Computer Ethics, ed. John Weckert, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2007, pp. 395-408.
| |
| − | * "Delusions: Analysis and Criteria," (with Gary Tucker) Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 20, No. 4 (1979), pp. 388-393.
| |
| − | * "Computers and Real Understanding of Natural Language," Journal of Philosophy, Vol. LXXVI, No. 11 (l979), pp. 633634.
| |
| − | * "AI and Cargo Cult Science," The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 4 (1981), pp. 544-545.
| |
| − | * "Split Brains and Atomic Persons," Philosophy of Science, Vol. 49, No. 1 (1982), pp. 91-106.
| |
| − | * "What Is Computer Ethics?" Metaphilosophy, Vol. 16, No. 4 (1985), pp. 266-275. Reprinted in Applying Philosophy, edited by Terrell Ward Bynum and William Vitek, New York: Basil Blackwell, Inc., 1988, pp. 138-147. Translated into Chinese in International Philosophy Today (renamed World Philosophy in 2002), No.1, 1988, pp. 34-41. Reprinted in Ethics and the Professions, edited by David Applebaum and Sarah Lawton, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1991. Reprinted in Teaching Computer Ethics, edited by Terrell Ward Bynum, Walter Maner, and John L. Fodor, New Haven: Research Center on Computing and Society, 1992, pp. 1-12. Reprinted in Computers, Ethics and Social Values, edited Deborah Johnson and Helen Nissenbaum, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1995, pp. 7-15. Translated into Polish in Wprowadzenie do etyki informatycznej, 1997. Reprinted in Cyberethics: Social & Moral Issues in the Computer Age, eds. Robert M. Baird, Reagan Ramsower, and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 2000, pp. 23-33. Translated into Japanese in Foundations of Information Ethics ed. Masahiko Mizutani Kyoto, 2000.6, pp. 1-12. Reprinted in Computer Ethics, ed. John Weckert, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2007, pp. 31-40<ref> http://www.southernct.edu/organizations/rccs/resources/teaching/teaching_mono/moor/moor_definition.html </ref>.
| |
| − | * "A Defense of Modus Ponens," (with Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Robert Fogelin) Journal of Philosophy, Vol. LXXXIII, No. 5 (1986), pp. 296 - 300.
| |
| − | * "Turing Test," Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 2 ed. Stuart C. Shapiro, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1987, pp. 1126-1130. Reprinted in Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition, ed. Stuart C. Shapiro, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992, pp. 1625-1629.
| |
| − | * "Testing Robots for Qualia," Perspectives on Mind , ed. by Herbert R. Otto and James A. Tuedio, Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1988, pp. 107-116.
| |
| − | * "The Pseudorealization Fallacy and the Chinese Room Argument," Aspects of Artificial Intelligence, ed. James H. Fetzer, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988, pp. 35-53.
| |
| − | * "Who's In Charge of the Chip," ELECTRO 1988 Professional Program Session Record, 36/2, Los Angeles: Electronic Conventions Management, 1988, pp. 1-6.
| |
| − | * "The Nature of Persons: A Reply to Professor Lewis," Philosophie et Culture, Actes Du XVIIe Congrès Mondial de Philosophie, Vol. V, Montréal: Montmorency, 1988, pp. 29-33.
| |
| − | * "How To Invade and Protect Privacy With Computers," The Information Web, edited by Carol Gould, Boulder:Westview Press, 1989, pp. 57-70.
| |
| − | * "A Defence of Modus Tollens" (with Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Robert Fogelin) Analysis Vol. 50, No. 1 (1990), pp. 9-16.
| |
| − | * "Ethical Position Papers," Ethical Conflicts In Information and Computer Science, Technology, and Business, prepared by Donn B. Parker, Susan Swope, and Bruce N. Baker, Wellesley, Massachusetts: QED Information Sciences, Inc., 1990, pp. 183-184, 190-192.
| |
| − | * "The Ethics of Privacy Protection," Library Trends, Vol. 39, Nos. 1 and 2, (1990), pp. 69-82.
| |
| − | * "Computing and the Ring of Invisibility," Dartmouth Alumni Magazine, Vol. 83, No 9, (1991), pp. 14-15. Reprinted in Ethics: Easier Said Than Done, Issue 15, (1991), pp. 40-41.
| |
| − | * "Lehrer on Incompatible and Though Equally Coherent Systems" (with Robert Fogelin), Philosophical Studies Vol. 64, (1991), pp. 229-232.
| |
| − | * "Privacy" (with Charles Culver, William Duerfeldt, Marshall Kapp, and Mark Sullivan), Professional Ethics, Vol. 3, Nos. 3 & 4 Fall, Winter (1994), pp. 3-25.
| |
| − | * "Is Ethics Computable?" Metaphilosophy, Vol. 26, Nos. 1/2 January/April (1995), pp. 1-21. Reprinted in Polish translation in Wprowavzenie do etyki informatycznej [Introduction to Information Ethics], eds. Andrzej Kocikowski, Krystyna Gorniak, and Terrell Bynum, Humaniora: Adam Mickiewicz University Press, 2001.
| |
| − | * "Computer Ethics" The Encyclopedia of Philosophy Supplement, ed. Donald M. Borchert, New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan, 1996, pp. 89-90.
| |
| − | * "Towards a Theory of Privacy for the Information Age," Computers & Society, Vol. 27, No. 3, 1997, pp. 27-32. Also, in Computer Ethics Philosophical Enquiry, ACM/SIGCAS Conference ed. by Jeroen van den Hoven, June, 1997, pp. 40-49. Reprinted in Cyberethics: Social & Moral Issues in the Computer Age, eds. Robert M. Baird, Reagan Ramsower, and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 2000, pp. 200-212. Reprinted in Readings in CyberEthics, eds. Richard Spinello and Herman Tavani, Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett, 2001, pp. 349-359. Reprinted in Ethics and Values in the Information Age, eds. Joel Rudinow and Anthony Graybosch, Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing, 2002, pp. 289-299. Reprinted in Computer Ethics and Professional Responsibility, eds. Terrell Ward Bynum and Simon Rogerson, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2004, pp. 249-262.
| |
| − | * "The Web: Mill's Dream Machine" Proceedings of Design for Values: Ethical, Social, and Political Dimensions of Information Technology, Princeton University, February 28 - March 1, 1998, pp. 79-82.
| |
| − | * "How Computers Are Changing Philosophy," (with Terrell Bynum) in The Digital Phoenix, Edited by Terrell Bynum and James Moor. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 1998, pp. 1-14. Reprinted in Italian translation: "Come i calcolatori stanno cambiando la filosofia"" in La fenice digitale: come I computer stanno cambiando la filosofia. Eds. Terrell Ward Bynum and James H. Moor. Milano: Apogeo, 2000, pp. vii-xxiv.
| |
| − | * "Assessing Artificial Intelligence and Its Critics," in The Digital Phoenix, Edited by Terrell Bynum and James Moor. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 1998, pp. 213-230. Reprinted in Italian translation: "L'intelligenza artificiale a confronto con I soui critici" in La fenice digitale: come I computer stanno cambiando la filosofia. Eds. Terrell Ward Bynum and James H. Moor. Milano: Apogeo, 2000, pp. 231-251.
| |
| − | * “Reason, Relativity, and Responsibility in Computer Ethics,” Computers & Society, Vol. 28, No. 1, 1998, pp. 14-21. Reprinted in Readings in CyberEthics, eds. Richard Spinello and Herman Tavani, Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett, 2001, pp. 36-50. Reprinted in Computer Ethics and Professional Responsibility, eds. Terrell Ward Bynum and Simon Rogerson, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2004, pp. 21-38. Reprinted in Chinese translation in Shanghai Shifan Daxue Xuebao, (Journal of Shangai Normal University), Issue 5, 2006. pp. 1-10.
| |
| − | * "Turing, Alan Mathison", Routledge Encylopedia of Philosophy, Edited by Edward Craig, Vol. 9, London: Routledge, 1998, pp. 493-95.
| |
| − | *“If Aristotle Were a Computing Professional,”Computers & Society, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1998, pp. 13-16. Reprinted in Cyberethics: Social & Moral Issues in the Computer Age, eds. Robert M. Baird, Reagan Ramsower, and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 2000, pp. 34-40.
| |
| − | * "Just Consequentialism and Computing" Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1999, pp. 65-69. Reprinted in Readings in CyberEthics, eds. Richard Spinello and Herman Tavani, Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett, 2001, pp. 98-104.
| |
| − | * "Introduction to the Power of the Net, Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 1, No. 2, 1999, pp. 93-94.
| |
| − | * "Using Genetic Information While Protecting the Privacy of the Soul" Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 1 No. 4, 1999, pp. 257-263. Reprinted in Ethics, Computing, and Genomics: Moral Controversies in Computational Genomics, ed. Herman Tavani, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2006, pp. 109-119.
| |
| − | * "Can Cyberspace Be Just?" Etica e Politica, No. 2, December, 1999<ref> http://www.univ.trieste.it/~dipfilo/etica_e_politica/ </ref>.
| |
| − | * "Turing Test" Encyclopedia of Computer Science, 4th edition, eds. Anthony Ralston, Edwin D. Reilly, David Hemmendinger, London: Nature Publishing Group, 2000, pp. 1801-1802. Reprinted in Concise Encyclopedia of Computer Science, ed. Edwin D. Reilly, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2004., pp. 767-768.
| |
| − | * "Thinking Must Be Computation of the Right Kind", Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, Vol. 9, Bowling Green, Ohio: Philosophy Documentation Center, Bowling Green State University, 2000, pp. 115-122.
| |
| − | * "Privacy Protection, Control of Information, and Privacy-Enhancing Technologies" (with Herman T. Tavani), Readings in CyberEthics, eds. Richard Spinello and Herman Tavani, Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett, 2001, pp. 378-391. Reprinted in Computers & Society, Vol. 31, No. 1, 2001, pp. 6-11.
| |
| − | * "CEPE 2000, Computer Ethics: Philosophical Enquiry," (with Deborah Johnson and Herman Tavani) Computers & Society, Vol. 30, No. 4, 2000, pp. 6-0
| |
| − | * "The Status and Future of the Turing Test", Minds and Machines, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2001, pp. 77-93.
| |
| − | * "Introduction to Computer Ethics: Philosophy Enquiry," (with Deborah Johnson and Herman Tavani) Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2001, pp. 1-2.
| |
| − | * "The Importance of Virtue in Teaching Computer Ethics", Proceedings of the Second International Workshop for Foundations of Information Ethics (FINE2001) –- How can we teach Computer Ethics effectively at school?, eds. Mitsugu Ochi, Masashi Tsuboi and Yuta Goto, Hiroshima: Foundations of Information Ethics (FINE), 2001, pp. 29-38, Japanese Translation pp. 38-48.
| |
| − | * "The Future of Computer Ethics: You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet!" Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2001, pp. 89-91.
| |
| − | * "Introduction to Cyberphilosophy" (with Terrell Ward Bynum), Metaphilosophy, Vol. 33, Nos. 1/2, January, 2002, pp. 4-10.
| |
| − | * “The Internet and Japanese Conception of Privacy” (with Masahiko Mizutani
| |
| − | and James Dorsey), Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2004, pp. 121-128.
| |
| − | * “Nanoethics: Assessing Nanotechnology from the Ethical Point of View” (with John Weckert), in Discovering the Nanoscale, Davis Baird, Alfred Nordmann and Joachim Schummer (eds.) Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2004, pp. 301-310.
| |
| − | * “Using the Precautionary Principle in Nanotechnology Policy Making” (with John Weckert), Asia Pacific Nanotechnology Forum News Journal, Vol. 3, No. 4, 2004, pp. 12-14.
| |
| − | * “Should We Let Computers Get Under Our Skin?” The Impact of the Internet on Our Moral Lives, Robert J. Cavalier (ed.), Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005, pp. 121-138. Reprinted in Contemporary Moral Issues: Diversity and Consensus, ed. Lawrence M. Hinman. Third Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice-Hall, 2005, pp 478-492.
| |
| − | * “Why We Need Better Ethics for Emerging Technologies”, Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2005, pp. 111-119. Reprinted in Information Technology and Moral Philosophy, eds. Jeroen van den Hoven and John Weckert, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 26-39.
| |
| − | * “Computer Ethics” in Borchert, Donald, ed. Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition, Vol. 2. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2006, pp. 396-398.
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| − | * “Machine Intelligence” in Borchert, Donald, ed. Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition, Vol. 5. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2006, pp. 631-636.
| |
| − | * “The Nature, Importance, and Difficulty of Machine Ethics” IEEE Intelligent Systems, Vo. 21, No. 4, July/August 2006, pp. 18-21.
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| − | *“The Precautionary Principle in Nanotechnology” (with John Weckert), International Journal of Applied Philosophy, 20.2, 2006, pp. 191-204. Reprinted in Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology, eds. Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, James Moor, and John Weckert, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007, pp. 133-146.
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| − | * “The Dartmouth College Artificial Intelligence Conference: The Next Fifty years” AI Magazine, Vol. 27, No. 4 Winter, 2006, pp. 87-91.
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| − | * “Taking the Intentional Stance Toward Robot Ethics” American Philosophical Newsletters, Vol. 06, No. 2 Spring, 2007<ref> http://www.apaonline.org/publications/newsletters/v06n2_Computers_05.aspx </ref>.
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| − | * “Nanotechnology and Nanoethics” (with John Weckert), Medical Ethics, Vol. 14, No. 2 Spring, 2007, pp. 1-2.
| |
| − | * “Email Spam” (with Keith W. Miller), The Handbook of Information and Computer Ethics, eds. Kenneth Einar Himma and Herman T. Tavani, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008, pp. 517-531.
| |
| − | * “Four Kinds of Ethical Robots”, Philosophy Now, No. 72, March/April 2009, pp. 12-14.
| |
| − | * “Virtual Decisions: Just Consequentialism, Video Game ethics, and Ethics on the Fly” (with Don Gotterbarn), Computers & Society, (Forthcoming).
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| − |
| |
| − | ===Teaching Articles===
| |
| − | * "Logic and the Keller Plan," Metaphilosophy, Vol. 6, Nos. 3 and 4 (1975), pp. 372-375.
| |
| − | * "A Program to Teach Logic," (with Jack Nelson) Computers and the Humanities, Vol. 8, Nos. 5 and 6 (1974), p. 278.
| |
| − | * A Manual for BERTIE, (with Jack Nelson) Project COMPUTe, 1974 and 1975 and COMPress, 1979.
| |
| − | * "BERTIE: An Interactive Program for Teaching Natural Deduction," (with Jack Nelson) Proceedings of the 1976 Conference on Computers in the Undergraduate Curricula, Theodore C. Willoughby, ed., (1976), pp. 161-172.
| |
| − | * "Computer-Assisted Instruction in Logic: BERTIE," (with Jack Nelson) Teaching Philosophy, Vol. 2, No. 1 (1977), pp. 1-6.
| |
| − | * "Using BERTIE," (with Jack Nelson) The Fundamentals of Modern Logic: A Contemporary Introduction by Frederick J. O'Toole, Kendall/Hunt, (1977), pp. 133-148.
| |
| − | * "BERTIE-II: Personal Computers and Logic," (with Jack Nelson) Teaching Philosophy , Vol. 8, No. 4, 1985, pp. 319-323.
| |
| − | * "CAI, Personal Computers and the Wired Campus," Computers and the Humanities: Today's Research Tomorrow's Teaching, Toronto: Centre for Computing in the Humanities, University of Toronto, 1986, pp. 87-92.
| |
| − | * "Computer-Assisted Instruction and the Guinea Pig Dilemma," Teaching Philosophy , Vol. 9, No. 4, 1986, pp. 351-354.
| |
| − | * "Venn: A Third Generation Tutor for Class Logic and Venn Diagrams" (with Mark Bedau) The Computers and Philosophy Newsletter, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1988, pp. 73-81.
| |
| − | * "The Case for Teaching Computer Ethics," APA Newsletter on Teaching Philosophy , Vol. 90, No. 1, Fall, 1990, pp. 44-47.
| |
| − | * "Proof Designer: A Programmable Prover's Workbench," (with Mark Bedau) Philosophy and the Computer, edited by Leslie Burkholder, Boulder: Westview Press, 1992, pp. 218-228.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Software===
| |
| − | * Bertie (with Jack Nelson) for Dartmouth Time Sharing System on a Honeywell Mainframe, 1973.
| |
| − | * Bertie (with Jack Nelson) for various mainframe computers, Iowa City: CONDUIT, 1976. [First exportable proof-checking program for natural deduction.]
| |
| − | * Bertie-II (with Jack Nelson) for personal computers and mainframes, 1982.
| |
| − | * Bertie-II 2.0 for Apple IIe, New York: Random House, Inc., 1985. [First program published with a logic book.]
| |
| − | * Bertie-II 2.0 for IBM PC, New York: Random House, Inc., 1985.
| |
| − | * Bertie-II 2.3 for Macintosh, Santa Barabara, California: Academic Courseware Exchange, 1987.
| |
| − | * Venn 1.0 for 128K Macintosh, Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College Academic Courseware, 1984. [First philosophy program written for a Macintosh.]
| |
| − | * Venn 2.1, Kinko's Academic Courseware, Ventura California: Kinko's Academic Courseware Exchange, 1985.
| |
| − | * Venn 4.2 (with Mark Bedau), Kinko's Academic Courseware, Ventura California: Kinko's Academic Courseware Exchange, 1988. Intellimation Library for the Macintosh, Santa Barbara, California, 1991. Chariot Software Group, San Diego, California, 1991
| |
| − | * Venn 4.2 Français (with Mark Bedau), translated by Jean-Guy Daoust, Montréal: Gouvernement du Québec Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Science, 1989. Also in Kinko's Academic Courseware, Ventura California: Kinko's Academic Courseware Exchange, 1989. Intellimation Library for the Macintosh, Santa Barbara, California, 1991. Chariot Software Group, San Diego, California, 1991<ref name="phil"> http://www.dartmouth.edu/~phil/ </ref>.
| |
| − | * Venn 4.21 Français (with Mark Bedau), translated by Jean-Guy Daoust, Montréal: Gouvernement du Québec Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Science, 1991.
| |
| − | * Gates of Logic (with John Scott)
| |
| − | * Proof Designer (with Mark Bedau)
| |
| − | * Turning the Tables (with Walter Sinnott-Armstrong) 2002<ref name="phil"/>.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Other Publications===
| |
| − | * Review of Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems by Jerome Ravetz, Philosophy of Science, Vol. 40, No. 3 (1973), pp. 455-457.
| |
| − | * Review of Meaning by Michael Polanyi and Harry Prosch, American Scientist, Vol. 64, No. 5 (1976), p. 584.
| |
| − | * Review of Vistas in Physical Reality by Ervin Laszlo and Emily B. Sellon, eds., American Scientist, Vol. 64, No. 6 (1976), p. 710.
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| − | * Review of Elementary Symbolic Logic by William Gustason and Dolph Ulrich, (with Jack Nelson) The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 43, No. 2 (1978), pp. 382-383.
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| − | * Review of Kant's Theory of Science by Gordon G. Brittan, Jr., American Scientist, Vol. 66, No. 6 (1978), p. 766.
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| − | * Review of Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding by Roger Schank and Robert Abelson, SISTM Quarterly, Vol. II, No. 3 (1979), pp. 12-14.
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| − | * Review of Brain, Mind, and Computers by Stanley L. Jaki, Nature and System, Vol. 1, No. 3 (1979), p. 214.
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| − | * Review of The Computer Revolution in Philosophy by Aaron Sloman, Philosophical Books, Vol. 21, No. 2 (1980), pp. 120-121.
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| − | * Review of Current Research in Philosophy of Science, ed. by Peter Asquith and Henry Kyburg, Jr., American Scientist, Vol. 68, No. 3 (1980), p. 346.
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| − | * Review of Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact by Ludwig Fleck, American Scientist, Vol. 68, No. 3 (1980), p. 346.
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| − | * Review of Knowledge and the Flow of Information by Fred I. Dretske, Philosophical Books, Vol. 23, No. 4 (1982), pp. 237-239.
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| − | * Review of Tarski's World (Version 2.2) and Turing's World (Version 1.0) by Jon Barwise and John Etchemendy, Teaching Philosophy, 12:1 (1989), pp. 47-49.
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| − | * Review of Computer Ethics by Tom Forester and Perry Morrison, Minds and Machines, Vol. 1, No. 2 (1991), pp. 230-32.
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| − | * "The Computational Turn" APA Newsletters, Vol. 97, No. 1, Fall, 1997, p. 28.
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| − | * "The Web and the World Congress " APA Newsletters, Vol. 97, No. 2, Spring, 1998, pp. 41-42.
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| − | * "The Global Information Bomb" APA Newsletters, Vol. 98, No. 1, Fall, 1998, pp. 18-19.
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| − | * "Y2K: Computerquakes and Turing's Prophecy" APA Newsletters, Vol. 98, No. 2, Spring, 1999, p. 52.
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| − | * "Turing's Prophecy Disconfirmed", APA Newsletters, Vol. 98, No. 2, Spring, 2000, p. 162.
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| − | * “Foreward” to Ethics and Technology: Ethical Issues in an Age of Information and Communication Technology by Herman Tavani. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 2004, pp. xxiii-xxiv
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| − | * “An Interview with James Moor” in Michael J. Quinn, Ethics for the Information Age, 2nd edition, Boston: Addison Wesley, 2006, pp. 103-105.
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| − | * "Thinking Must Be Computation of the Right Kind", Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, Vol. 9, Bowling Green, OH: Philosophy Documentation Center, Bowling Green State University, 2000, pp. 115-122<ref name="jmoor"/>.
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| − | ==Grants and Awards==
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| − | * National Science Foundation – 1969-72
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| − | * Senior Faculty Grant - 1978
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| − | * Ethics Research Grant - 1979
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| − | * National Endowment for the Humanities Post-Doctoral Fellowship – 1981
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| − | * Sloan Grant for Venn – 1984
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| − | * The Metaphilosophy Prize for essay "What is Computer Ethics?" – 1985
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| − | * Honorary Master of Arts, Dartmouth College – 1987
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| − | * William and Flora Hewlett Foundation Grant for Proof Designer – Spring and Fall –1990
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| − | * Venture Fund Award (with Ronald Green, Louis Renza, and Thomas Luxon) – 1993
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| − | * Math in the Curriculum Grant (with Walter Sinnott-Armstrong) for “Turning the Tables” – 1996
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| − | * Math in the Curriculum Grant for “Cryptography and Privacy” – 1996
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| − | * Humanities Institute Fellow – "The Tangled Web"– 1998
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| − | * Loebner Prize Contest Grant - 1999
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| − | * Humanities Institute Fellow – "Privacy"– 1999
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| − | * Research Fellow, Harvard Information Infrastructure Project - 1999-2000
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| − | * Computer Ethics: Philosophical Enquiry Grant – 2000
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| − | * Adjunct Professor in the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, Charles Sturt University, Canberra Australia – 2002 - Present
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| − | * Ethics Across the Curriculum Grant - 2003
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| − | * World Technology Award Fellow – 2003
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| − | * American Computing Machinery SIGCAS Making a Difference Award – 2003
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| − | * Dean of the Faculty and Provost Grants for AI @50 Conference
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| − | * DARPA Grant– The Next Fifty Years of Artificial Intelligence – Co-PI – 2005-06
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| − | * NSF Grant – Nanotechnology and Human Enhancement, PI – 2006–09
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| − | * American Philosophical Association Barwise Prize – 2006
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| − | * Daniel P. Stone Professor in Intellectual and Moral Philosophy, 2009-Present
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| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
Moor has participated extensively in making the issues surrounding computer ethics more present in the public sphere. Much of Moor's research has focused on the logical, epidemiological, and metaphysical implications of information technology - such as how information technology is defined in a philosophical sense - with the explicit objective of making these fields approachable. Though he does not believes that the field of information ethics is inherently separate from ethics in the general sense, he views its defining device - the computer - as a way for continually encountering new situations which did not exist as ethical dilemmas prior to its creation. Moor's advocacy of "just consequentialism" - the idea that one must consider and equally weight individual justice and societal consequences when making a moral decision - is exemplified by his belief that computer ethics should be reflected in public policy.
The opportunity for a technological revolution derives from the potential of a particular technological development. Technological developments are made possible when the instances of a technological paradigm, the concept which defines a particular technology, are improved in some manner, such as in efficiency, effectiveness, or safety. An instance, or implementation, of a technological paradigm is usually characterized by a device. Moor exemplifies this concept with the Wright brothers’ airplane, a device that acted as a technological instance of the technological paradigm that was a machine that incorporates flight through aerodynamics. In order for a technological development to be considered a revolution, Moor explains that it must have an “enormous social impact[8]." There are three stages under which a technological revolution must develop to reach this state:
By completing each stage of revolutionary progression, the technological development will typically hold certain intrinsic qualities that increase the onset of ethical dilemma: malleability and convergence.
Among the three technological movements Moor believes are most relevant today, genetic technology is the most maturely developed, not yet in its power stage, but well established in the permeation stage. Genetic technology proves malleability with the capability of gene reconfiguration, as well as the potential for life generation. Life malleability allows for the possibility of improvements of current life forms, generation of extinct life forms, and creation of life forms that have yet to exist, all of which have the potential for a major social impact. The beginning stages of its social impact are shown by the increasing popularity of in vitro fertilization, the engineering of certain foods, instances of animal cloning, the advocacy of stem cell research, and criminal profiling and the identification of natural disaster victims through DNA profiling, among other techniques. Genetic technology also proves itself as a well established converging revolution, acting as a tool to support other technologies, such as with the human genome project, when computers were programmed to evaluate genetic samples, thereby officially identifying the 20,000-25,000 human DNA genes.
(general info with policy vacuums and privacy in online environment as examples...)
Moor describes the existence of policy vacuums, or the lack of appropriate ethical rules for emerging technology. That is, per every technological revolution births a new kind of situation, and thus, a need for new set of customs. Moor explores the deeper issues of "holes" in the construct of ethical rules in the virtual environment by delving into issues related to unsecured open networks (i.e., WiFi).
With the unceasing development and advancement of technology and its applications comes the debated issue of privacy in the online environment. What constitutes privacy in a general sense of the word, what does it mean to have privacy in an online community, and who has the right to it? Moor contributes his theories to the redefinition of the concept of 'privacy'.
