Photo Editing
"Photo Editing" is the alteration of pixels, the basis building blocks of digital images. These images could be simple vector illustrator natively draw on a machine or digital photographs taken with a camera.
History
The first most popular edited photo came in 1860, not too long after Niepce invented the photograph. The photo is of President Abraham Lincoln's head on the body of John Calhoun's body.
In 1864, there is a picture that appears to show General Ulysses S. Grant in front of his troops during the American Civil War. In actually, these picture was a composite of three different photos.
This stately scene shows general Sherman with all of his generals around him, but as shown: one of them was not in the original photograph and was added to the image at a later date.