http://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Averyw&feedformat=atomSI410 - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T05:29:42ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.25.2http://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Need_For_Speed_(Video_Game_Series)&diff=57474Need For Speed (Video Game Series)2016-04-27T02:14:33Z<p>Averyw: /* Ethical Implications */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{gameInfobox\draw<br />
|name='''Need For Speed (Video Game Series)'''<br />
|logo=Speedlogo.jpg<br />
|screenimage= Nowordlogo.jpg<br />
|imageurl=http://http://www.needforspeed.com/<br />
|text=Website<br />
|genre=Driving/Racing<br />
|style=Single player, Multiplayer<br />
|platform=PlayStation, Xbox, PC<br />
|date=November, 2015 (Need for Speed) <ref> Various. "Need for Speed (2015 Video Game)." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Mar. 2016. Web. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Need_for_Speed_%282015_video_game%29 </ref><br />
|developer=[[Wikipedia:Electronic Arts|EA]] (1994-Present) <br> [[Wikipedia: Criterion Games|Criterion Games]] (2010-Present) <br> [[Wikipedia: Ghost Games|Ghost Games]] (2013-Present)<br />
|publisher=Electronic Arts<br />
|siteurl=http://www.needforspeed.com/<br />
|urltext=www.needforspeed.com<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Need For Speed''' is a racing video game franchise created by [[Electronic Arts]] across platforms like the [[wikipedia: Playstation|Playstation]], [[wikipedia:Xbox|Xbox]], and [[wikipedia: PC|PC]]. Most commonly referred to as "NFS", Need For Speed has sold over 150 million copies since its release in 1993, making it the best selling driving game in the world. <ref> Quinn Gammon. "The 10 Best Selling Video Game Franchises Of All Time - Overmental." Overmental. 15 Apr. 2015. Web. http://overmental.com/content/the-10-best-selling-video-game-franchises-of-all-time-13907 </ref> Game play allows players to choose their own car from a wide variety of types and brands including [[Wikipedia:Ford Motor Company|Ford]], [[Wikipedia:Lamborghini|Lamborghini]], [[Wikipedia:Nissan|Nissan]], [[Wikipedia:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]], [[Wikipedia:Porsche|Porsche]], and [[Wikipedia:Ferrari|Ferrari]] among many others. After selecting a car, players can then customize paint colors, body parts, and engine components to their liking, giving it its own unique look and driving style. Players may then take their customized cars and compete in a number of different types of races against computers or other players to gain access to more cars and customization options as well as in game currency to purchase them.<br />
<br />
== Facts ==<br />
*The first title in this series, released in 1994 for the [[Wikipedia:3DO Interactive Multiplayer|3DO game console]] was called [[Wikipedia:The Need For Speed|The Need For Speed]].<br />
*While police chases have always been a prominent aspect of Need For Speed, [[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] was the first game in the series to allow players to play as both police and racers. Being as this title was made for PC, the first console title to have a similar feature was [[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: High Stakes|Need For Speed: High Stakes]], released a year later. <ref> Various. "Police." Need for Speed Wiki. Web. http://nfs.wikia.com/wiki/Police </ref><br />
*The original [[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Most Wanted (2005 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] released in 2005 is the series' best selling title with over 16 million copies sold. <ref> Thorson, Tor. "Need for Speed Series Sells 100M, Shift Moves 309K." GameSpot. 21 Oct. 2009. Web. http://www.gamespot.com/articles/need-for-speed-series-sells-100m-shift-moves-309k/1100-6237491/ </ref><br />
*[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground|Need For Speed: Underground]] was the title that shifted game play from more formal point to point racing on tracks to street style racing and tuner culture. <ref name = "facts"> Zakes, Robert. "15 Things You Didn’t Know About ‘Need For Speed’." RantGamer. Web. http://www.rantgamer.com/2015/03/30/15-things-you-didnt-know-about-need-for-speed/ </ref><br />
*[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground 2|Need For Speed: Underground 2]] was the first title to feature free roam, allowing players to drive around the game map at their leisure without racing or story continuation. This feature has been prevalent in most titles that have followed. <ref name = "facts" /><br />
<br />
== Titles List ==<br />
{|class="wikitable"<br />
|+Release Dates<br />
|-<br />
|1994<br />
|[[Wikipedia:The Need For Speed|The Need For Speed]]<br />
|-<br />
|1997<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed II|Need For Speed II]] <br />
|-<br />
|1998<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|1999<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|2000<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Porsche Unleashed|Need For Speed: Porsche Unleashed]] <br />
|-<br />
|2002<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit 2|Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit 2]] <br />
|-<br />
|2003<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground|Need For Speed: Underground]] <br />
|-<br />
|2004<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground 2|Need For Speed: Underground 2]] <br />
|-<br />
|2005<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Most Wanted (2005 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] <br />
|-<br />
|2006<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Carbon|Need For Speed: Carbon]] <br />
|-<br />
|2007<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Pro Street|Need For Speed: Pro Street]] <br />
|-<br />
|2008<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Undercover|Need For Speed: Undercover]] <br />
|-<br />
|2009<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Shift|Need For Speed: Shift]] <br />
|-<br />
|2009<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Nitro|Need For Speed: Nitro]] <br />
|-<br />
|2010<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: World|Need For Speed: World]] <br />
|-<br />
|2010<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game)|Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|2011<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Shift 2: Unleashed|Need For Speed: Shift 2 Unleashed]] <br />
|-<br />
|2011<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: The Run|Need For Speed: The Run]] <br />
|-<br />
|2012<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Most Wanted (2012 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] <br />
|-<br />
|2013<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed Rivals|Need For Speed: Rivals]] <br />
|-<br />
|2015<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: No Limits|Need For Speed: No Limits]] <br />
|-<br />
|2015<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed (2015 video game)|Need For Speed]] <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ethical Implications ==<br />
'''Unsafe Driving'''<br />
[[File:Nfs study.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Continental Tyre study results in percentages]] Concerns that playing racing video games promotes unsafe or bad driving habits prompted a study done by [http://www.continental-tyres.co.uk/car Continental Tyres] which polled 1,000 people between the ages of 17 and 39 who play racing video games and 1,000 people in the same age group who do not play racing video games to see if racing games actually have effects on driving habits. The study found that people who play racing video games, such as Need For Speed, are more likely to get into car accidents, get pulled over, and take more risks on the road. However, the study also found that people who play racing games require less attempts to pass their driving test, taking, on average, two tries compared to three by non-players. <ref> N/A. "Do Racing Games Negatively Affect Driving Habits? | VirtualR - Sim Racing News." VirtualR Sim Racing News. 02 Feb. 2011. Web. http://www.virtualr.net/do-racing-games-negatively-affect-driving-habits </ref> <br />
<br />
One of the unsafe methods practiced in this game is drifting <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drifting_(motorsport)</ref>. This involves cars moving at high velocities, and locking up the brakes of the car, causing the car to slide on the pavement. This is dangerous because essentially, the driver has no control. If the car is going at a high rate of speed and catches the pavement in an unfavorable fashion, it can cause the car to flip and result in injury or even death of the driver. In a recent case, 90 drivers were arrested in Saudi Arabia <ref>http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/909116</ref> because of drifting in public streets, which was putting citizens in danger of high speed cars. Games like Need for Speed create an unrealsitic expectation of drifting, because the video game does not do justice the actual manuevering techniques needed to dirft in real life. This is one of the many examples of ethical implications needing consideration from the Need for Speed game series. <br />
<br />
'''Sexualization of Women'''<br />
[[File:Nfsu2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Title screen of NFS Underground 2, featuring actress Brooke Burke]] Many titles in the Need For Speed series feature female protagonists in the storyline, which is rare among video games, most often these women are sexualized in some manner. The women wear revealing clothing or talk in a sexualized manner to the player as an attempt by the game company to appeal to male teenagers, the majority of their player base. This skewed gender norm can also be seen during gameplay in some introduction screens, as well as at the start of racing events where a scantily clad woman will give a countdown and wave a flag to signal players to go. Some actresses that have been featured in lead roles in the Need For Speed series include [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4168062/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm Christina Wolfe], [[Wikipedia:Josie Maran|Josie Maran]], and [[Wikipedia:Brooke Burke|Brooke Burke]] Video game companies have been criticized for this representation of women. 47% of middle school boys and 61% of high school boys agreed that these female characters are treated too much as sex objects in the games.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Song Lyrics'''<br />
Many songs in the Need For Speed series contain lyrics that are considered offensive or inappropriate for younger children. Songs include swear words, suggestive phrases, or explicit descriptions of sexual actions. While lyrics are muted out of the song in the games, players still have the opportunity to look the songs up online. This could potentially expose younger players to song lyrics that are not appropriate for them. [[Wikipedia:Get Low (Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz song)|Get Low]] by [[Wikipedia:Lil Jon|Lil Jon]] and [[Wikipedia:Love Me or Hate Me|Love Me or Hate Me]] by [[Wikipedia:Lady Sovereign|Lady Sovereign]] are two examples of songs containing lyrics that had to be muted in game.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category: Video Games]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Need_For_Speed_(Video_Game_Series)&diff=57472Need For Speed (Video Game Series)2016-04-27T02:10:15Z<p>Averyw: /* Ethical Implications */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{gameInfobox\draw<br />
|name='''Need For Speed (Video Game Series)'''<br />
|logo=Speedlogo.jpg<br />
|screenimage= Nowordlogo.jpg<br />
|imageurl=http://http://www.needforspeed.com/<br />
|text=Website<br />
|genre=Driving/Racing<br />
|style=Single player, Multiplayer<br />
|platform=PlayStation, Xbox, PC<br />
|date=November, 2015 (Need for Speed) <ref> Various. "Need for Speed (2015 Video Game)." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Mar. 2016. Web. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Need_for_Speed_%282015_video_game%29 </ref><br />
|developer=[[Wikipedia:Electronic Arts|EA]] (1994-Present) <br> [[Wikipedia: Criterion Games|Criterion Games]] (2010-Present) <br> [[Wikipedia: Ghost Games|Ghost Games]] (2013-Present)<br />
|publisher=Electronic Arts<br />
|siteurl=http://www.needforspeed.com/<br />
|urltext=www.needforspeed.com<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Need For Speed''' is a racing video game franchise created by [[Electronic Arts]] across platforms like the [[wikipedia: Playstation|Playstation]], [[wikipedia:Xbox|Xbox]], and [[wikipedia: PC|PC]]. Most commonly referred to as "NFS", Need For Speed has sold over 150 million copies since its release in 1993, making it the best selling driving game in the world. <ref> Quinn Gammon. "The 10 Best Selling Video Game Franchises Of All Time - Overmental." Overmental. 15 Apr. 2015. Web. http://overmental.com/content/the-10-best-selling-video-game-franchises-of-all-time-13907 </ref> Game play allows players to choose their own car from a wide variety of types and brands including [[Wikipedia:Ford Motor Company|Ford]], [[Wikipedia:Lamborghini|Lamborghini]], [[Wikipedia:Nissan|Nissan]], [[Wikipedia:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]], [[Wikipedia:Porsche|Porsche]], and [[Wikipedia:Ferrari|Ferrari]] among many others. After selecting a car, players can then customize paint colors, body parts, and engine components to their liking, giving it its own unique look and driving style. Players may then take their customized cars and compete in a number of different types of races against computers or other players to gain access to more cars and customization options as well as in game currency to purchase them.<br />
<br />
== Facts ==<br />
*The first title in this series, released in 1994 for the [[Wikipedia:3DO Interactive Multiplayer|3DO game console]] was called [[Wikipedia:The Need For Speed|The Need For Speed]].<br />
*While police chases have always been a prominent aspect of Need For Speed, [[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] was the first game in the series to allow players to play as both police and racers. Being as this title was made for PC, the first console title to have a similar feature was [[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: High Stakes|Need For Speed: High Stakes]], released a year later. <ref> Various. "Police." Need for Speed Wiki. Web. http://nfs.wikia.com/wiki/Police </ref><br />
*The original [[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Most Wanted (2005 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] released in 2005 is the series' best selling title with over 16 million copies sold. <ref> Thorson, Tor. "Need for Speed Series Sells 100M, Shift Moves 309K." GameSpot. 21 Oct. 2009. Web. http://www.gamespot.com/articles/need-for-speed-series-sells-100m-shift-moves-309k/1100-6237491/ </ref><br />
*[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground|Need For Speed: Underground]] was the title that shifted game play from more formal point to point racing on tracks to street style racing and tuner culture. <ref name = "facts"> Zakes, Robert. "15 Things You Didn’t Know About ‘Need For Speed’." RantGamer. Web. http://www.rantgamer.com/2015/03/30/15-things-you-didnt-know-about-need-for-speed/ </ref><br />
*[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground 2|Need For Speed: Underground 2]] was the first title to feature free roam, allowing players to drive around the game map at their leisure without racing or story continuation. This feature has been prevalent in most titles that have followed. <ref name = "facts" /><br />
<br />
== Titles List ==<br />
{|class="wikitable"<br />
|+Release Dates<br />
|-<br />
|1994<br />
|[[Wikipedia:The Need For Speed|The Need For Speed]]<br />
|-<br />
|1997<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed II|Need For Speed II]] <br />
|-<br />
|1998<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|1999<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit|Need For Speed III: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|2000<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Porsche Unleashed|Need For Speed: Porsche Unleashed]] <br />
|-<br />
|2002<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit 2|Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit 2]] <br />
|-<br />
|2003<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground|Need For Speed: Underground]] <br />
|-<br />
|2004<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Underground 2|Need For Speed: Underground 2]] <br />
|-<br />
|2005<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Most Wanted (2005 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] <br />
|-<br />
|2006<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Carbon|Need For Speed: Carbon]] <br />
|-<br />
|2007<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Pro Street|Need For Speed: Pro Street]] <br />
|-<br />
|2008<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Undercover|Need For Speed: Undercover]] <br />
|-<br />
|2009<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Shift|Need For Speed: Shift]] <br />
|-<br />
|2009<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Nitro|Need For Speed: Nitro]] <br />
|-<br />
|2010<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: World|Need For Speed: World]] <br />
|-<br />
|2010<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game)|Need For Speed: Hot Pursuit]] <br />
|-<br />
|2011<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Shift 2: Unleashed|Need For Speed: Shift 2 Unleashed]] <br />
|-<br />
|2011<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed: The Run|Need For Speed: The Run]] <br />
|-<br />
|2012<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: Most Wanted (2012 video game)|Need For Speed: Most Wanted]] <br />
|-<br />
|2013<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed Rivals|Need For Speed: Rivals]] <br />
|-<br />
|2015<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need For Speed: No Limits|Need For Speed: No Limits]] <br />
|-<br />
|2015<br />
|[[Wikipedia:Need for Speed (2015 video game)|Need For Speed]] <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ethical Implications ==<br />
'''Unsafe Driving'''<br />
[[File:Nfs study.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Continental Tyre study results in percentages]] Concerns that playing racing video games promotes unsafe or bad driving habits prompted a study done by [http://www.continental-tyres.co.uk/car Continental Tyres] which polled 1,000 people between the ages of 17 and 39 who play racing video games and 1,000 people in the same age group who do not play racing video games to see if racing games actually have effects on driving habits. The study found that people who play racing video games, such as Need For Speed, are more likely to get into car accidents, get pulled over, and take more risks on the road. However, the study also found that people who play racing games require less attempts to pass their driving test, taking, on average, two tries compared to three by non-players. <ref> N/A. "Do Racing Games Negatively Affect Driving Habits? | VirtualR - Sim Racing News." VirtualR Sim Racing News. 02 Feb. 2011. Web. http://www.virtualr.net/do-racing-games-negatively-affect-driving-habits </ref> <br />
<br />
One of the unsafe methods practiced in this game is drifting <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drifting_(motorsport)</ref>. This involves cars moving at high velocities, and locking up the brakes of the car, causing the car to slide on the pavement. This is dangerous because essentially, the driver has no control. If the car is going at a high rate of speed and catches the pavement in an unfavorable fashion, it can cause the car to flip and result in injury or even death of the driver. In a recent case, 90 drivers were arrested in Saudi Arabia <ref>http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/909116</ref> because of drifting in public streets, which was putting citizens in danger of high speed cars. Games like Need for Speed create an unrealsitic expectation of drifting, because the video game does not do justice the actual manuevering techniques needed to dirft in real life. This is one of the many examples of ethical implications needing consideration from the Need for Speed game series. <br />
<br />
'''Sexualization of Women'''<br />
[[File:Nfsu2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Title screen of NFS Underground 2, featuring actress Brooke Burke]] Many titles in the Need For Speed series feature female protagonists in the storyline, which is rare among video games, most often these women are sexualized in some manner. Women wear revealing clothing or talk in a sexualized manner to the player as an attempt by the game company to appeal to male teenagers, the majority of their player base. This skewed gender norm can also be seen during gameplay in some introduction screens, as well as at the start of racing events where a scantily clad woman will give a countdown and wave a flag to signal players to go. Some actresses that have been featured in lead roles in the Need For Speed series include [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4168062/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm Christina Wolfe], [[Wikipedia:Josie Maran|Josie Maran]], and [[Wikipedia:Brooke Burke|Brooke Burke]]<br />
<br />
'''Song Lyrics'''<br />
Many songs in the Need For Speed series contain lyrics that are considered offensive or inappropriate for younger children. Songs include swear words, suggestive phrases, or explicit descriptions of sexual actions. While lyrics are muted out of the song in the games, players still have the opportunity to look the songs up online. This could potentially expose younger players to song lyrics that are not appropriate for them. [[Wikipedia:Get Low (Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz song)|Get Low]] by [[Wikipedia:Lil Jon|Lil Jon]] and [[Wikipedia:Love Me or Hate Me|Love Me or Hate Me]] by [[Wikipedia:Lady Sovereign|Lady Sovereign]] are two examples of songs containing lyrics that had to be muted in game.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category: Video Games]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Instagram&diff=57471Instagram2016-04-27T02:07:40Z<p>Averyw: /* Wealthy Kids Stir Up Controversy */</p>
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<div>{{Nav-Bar|Topics#F}}<br><br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=560<br />
|NAME=Instagram<br />
|LOGO=icon.jpeg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=icon2.png<br />
|CAPTION=Official App Icon<br />
|IMAGEURL=<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|PLATFORM=Cloud Service<br>[[iOS]]<br>[[Android]] <br />
|PRODUCT=Instagram<br />
|TYPE=Photo Sharing Service <br />
|SITEURL=http://instagram.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.instagram.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=December 8, 2010 <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instagram Wikipedia: Intagram]</ref><br />
}}<br />
{{initial|I}}'''nstagram''' is a free [[Social Networking|social networking]] and photo sharing application designed to make innovative and artistic photo sharing accessible to the masses. It allows users to take a photo, apply a filter and edit characteristics of the photo, and then share it with all connected users on Instagram and other social networks. Instagram used to confine the photos to a square shape that was reminiscent of Kodak and Polaroid images, but now the app allows users to edit rectangular photos, too. Originally, Instagram was only supported by the iPhone, iPod, and iPad and could only be accessed through the iTunes App Store. However, in 2012, Instagram added support for the [[Android]] Camera phones running 2.2 or higher through [[Google]] Play.<ref>[http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/03/instagram-android-download-now-available/ Instagram Comes to Android, Available to Download Now]</ref> After rocketing to a staggering 30 million [[iOS]] users, it won Apple's "iPhone App of the Year" award in 2011.<ref>[http://techcrunch.com/2011/12/08/apple-picks-instagram-as-the-iphone-app-of-the-year/ Apple Picks Instagram As The “iPhone App Of The Year”]</ref> Currently, the app has over 400 million registered users.<ref>[http://blog.instagram.com/post/129662501137/150922-400million Celebrating a Community of 400 Million]</ref> In April of 2012, [[Facebook]] made an offer to purchase Instagram for around $1 billion in cash and stock, and the deal finally closed on September 5th, 2012.<ref>[http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/04/09/facebook-buys-instagram-for-1-billion Facebook Buys Instagram for $1 Billion]</ref> With the app's success comes ethical issues; these include privacy, professional photographers, and nudity.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
===Creation===<br />
Instagram development began in San Francisco in early 2010 when [[Wikipedia:Kevin Systrom|Kevin Systrom]], CEO and co-founder, left his job in marketing at NextStop to pursue his side project Burbn. He had been working on programming a prototype in basic [[Wikipedia:HTML5|HTML5]] in his off time, trying to combine elements of [[Wikipedia:FourSquare|FourSquare]] and Mafia Wars. Mike Krieger was a former classmate of Systrom’s and thought the project had potential so he joined on with Systrom in early 2010. Together, the pair raised $500k from investors Andreessen Horowitz and Baseline Ventures by March 5, 2010. <ref>[http://techcrunch.com/2010/03/05/burbn-funding/ TechCrunch: Burbn's Funding Goes Down Smooth. Baseline, Andreessen Back Stealthy Location Startup.]<br /></ref> After full completion, the iPhone app Burbn felt too cluttered with features. The app included checking into locations, posting pictures, making plans, and earning points for hanging out with friends. Krieger and Systrom then decided to focus just on the photo sharing aspect. Within eight weeks of switching tracks, Instagram was completed and ready to be shipped. By the end of March 2010, Instagram had been completed and launched. <ref>[http://www.quora.com/Instagram/What-is-the-genesis-of-Instagram Quora: What is the genesis of Instagram?]</ref><br />
<br />
In January of 2011, hashtags were added as a feature on Instagram. When version 2.0 came out later that year in the App Store, it included photo filters, instant tilt shift, high resolution photos, optional borders, one click rotation, and an updated icon. Finally, on April 3, 2012, Instagram released the app for [[Android]] mobile devices after being exclusively available for iPhone users for 18 months. It was downloaded more than one million times in less than a day. Currently, there are no future plans to release the app for BlackBerry devices. <br />
<br />
The [[Android]] interface is slightly different, following a familiar [[Android]] [[Wikipedia:user-interface|user-interface]] design as opposed to the [[iOS]] featured design.<ref>[http://blog.instagram.com/post/20411305253/instagram-for-android-available-now/ Instagram Blog: Instagram for Android — Available Now]</ref> The two platforms also have features that are available exclusively to each platform. The [[Android]] app allows users to use the phone’s native camera by changing the camera settings on the profile settings page to not “Use Instagram’s Advanced Camera,” a feature unavailable on the iOS platform. Until May, 2012, the Android app did not have the popular Tilt-Shift feature that allows users to create a blurring effect and add depth to the picture.<ref>[http://mashable.com/2012/05/09/instagram-tilt-shift-android/ Mashable: Instagram Adds Popular Tilt-Shift Feature to Android App]</ref> Unlike on the iOS platform, the Android app does not allow users to apply different filters or effects before the photo is taken using the camera within Instagram. <br />
<br />
[[File:NewInstagramMobile.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Mobile View]]<br />
<br />
=== Facebook Acquisition ===<br />
In 2012, [[Facebook]] made an offer of about $1 billion in cash and stock to purchase Instagram and all 13 of its employees in April 2012, a month before [[Facebook]] went public. The acquisition plans intended to keep the company independently managed, as many were concerned their photo sharing capabilities on Instagram would be thwarted by Facebook. The Office of Fair Trading approved the deal on August 14, 2012, and on August 22, 2012, the [[Wikipedia:Federal Trade Commission|Federal Trade Commission]] in the United States closed its investigation.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19258608 BBC News: Facebook's Instagram bid gets go-ahead from the OFT] </ref> On September 6, 2012, the deal between Instagram and [[Facebook]] officially closed. Instagram is now currently operating under the ownership of [[Facebook]].<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2012/04/09/facebook-buys-instagram-for-1-billion-wheres-the-revenue/ Forbes: Facebook Buys Instagram For $1 Billion. Smart Arbitrage.]</ref><br />
<br />
===Instagram and Twitter===<br />
When Instagram first launched, users were able to share their photos directly to Twitter as Twitter cards. On December 4, 2012, Instagram disabled the ability for [[Twitter]] to properly display Instagram photos on its website and coinciding applications. The move escalated tensions between the two companies, which were once friends in the battle against Facebook but have now become direct competitors. <ref>[http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/05/twitter-loses-ability-to-properly-display-instagram-photos/ Twitter Loses Ability to Properly Display Instagram Photos]</ref> Although Instagram and Twitter worked closely together during Instagram’s early days, relations between the two companies have soured since the Facebook acquisition. <ref>[http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/05/twitter-loses-ability-to-properly-display-instagram-photos/ Twitter Loses Ability to Properly Display Instagram Photos]</ref><br />
<br />
Since shutting off users' abilities to use Instagram, Twitter has released its own photo filter features, allowing users to create effects quite similar to those available on Instagram.<ref>[http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57558617-93/instagram-photos-still-visible-in-tweets-in-tweetdeck/ Some Instagram photos still viewable on Twitter]</ref> Instagram users can still share their photos to Twitter, but instead of tweeting the photo as a Twitter card, they can only tweet the link to the photo, which will take Twitter users to the Instagram app or website.<br />
<br />
== Use ==<br />
After the application is downloaded, an icon appears on the home screen of the user's device through which they can access the application. Once they access the app, the user must register and create a free account with a username and password. They can optionally add an email address or phone number to the account. The user can also add a photograph, which will appear on the user's profile along with their posted photos and username. Once an account has been registered, a user has the option to find friends through [[Facebook]] or by simply searching. Unlike [[Facebook]], however, users do not have to follow friends who are following them, and vice versa. Instagram also provides a list of recommended users to follow. Once a user follows other users, photos posted to the application will appear in a stream on the home page. A user can like or comment on those photos, which will send a notification to the user who posted the photos as well as appear with that photo on all other users' homepages. Along the bottom of the screen are five navigation icons. The first is the home page. The second is a magnifying glass that represents the "Explore" page. In addition to being able to search for other users or hashtags, the user can also find a list of suggested images that the app curates based on who the user follows and what photos they have liked. The middle button is a camera icon where users can select photos to edit from their phone's camera reels or take photos from the app's camera. The third is the notification page, which consists of two tabs: the first is a newsfeed of new followers, comments, and likes, and the second is a "following" section that serves as a short news feed of other users' activities. The last icon in the bottom right corner leads to the registered user's profile. <br />
<br />
From the settings page, the user has the option to make their profile private. This means that all of that user's photos are private unless other users request to follow that user. Upon acceptance of that request, other users can see those private photos. Users can also turn on photo sharing to other social networks through their settings. <br />
<br />
To post a picture, users click the bottom center camera icon where they can proceed to take a picture or use a previously taken photo. Once a user chooses a photo, filters can be added as well as a number of photo editing effects. Users can then add a caption or geo-tag and post it for all of that user's followers to see. <br />
<br />
===Users===<br />
As of 2016 Instagram reported to have over 400 million active monthly accounts. The Pew Research group found that 28% of all American’s on the Internet have an Instagram account, 31% for all Internet using American women and 24% for men. In the United States Instagram is most popular with the 18-29 age bracket, of who more than 50% have Instagram accounts. <ref>The Demographics of Social Media Users, Pew Research Center http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/08/19/the-demographics-of-social-media-users/ </ref> However, over 75% of Instagram users are from outside the United States. <ref> Instagram Statistics, Instagram https://www.instagram.com/press/?hl=en </ref> On average Instagram users collectively share over 80 million photos a day and like 3.5 billion. <br />
<br />
[[File:instagrampics.png|left|350px|thumb|right|Sample of a page]]<br />
<br />
=== Features ===<br />
====Timeline====<br />
Instagram displays a feed on the home page for users to view all of the photos that have been posted by their followers in chronological order. In 2016, Instagram began testing an algorithmic timeline that would organize posts on the home display based on popularity personalized to the user<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/technology/instagram-feed.html?_r=0 Instagram May Change Your Feed, Personalizing It With an Algorithm]</ref>, similar to the way that [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]] organize one's newsfeed and [[Twitter]] feed.<br />
==== Hashtags ====<br />
Users can use [[Wikipedia:hashtags|hashtags]] to tag photos and help other users discover photos. Instagram encourages users to use specific and relevant tags to help users find photos more easily. The hashtags feature has created a new Instagram phenomenon. Some users has adapted a habit to come up with as many hashtags that are relevant to the pictures as possible in an attempt to have their pictures seen by as many Instagram users as possible.<br />
<br />
==== Liking ====<br />
Users can like photos by clicking the like "heart" button or by double tapping the photograph itself. With enough likes, a photo can make it to the popular page, which is broadcasted to every Instagram user and is incessantly changing. Depending on the number of likes, either each individual's username is displayed or number of likes is displayed, as to not exceed 4 lines of text on the screen.<br />
<br />
==== Notifications ====<br />
Users can now turn on post notifications for accounts that they follow. This means they will receive a notification every time this account posts anything to Instagram. It's a way for users to stay informed and never miss a post from certain desired accounts. Celebrities and popular accounts often post pictures asking their followers to turn the notifications on to ensure their loyal following. <br />
<br />
==== Geotagging ====<br />
Photos can be tagged at a certain location where other users can view all photos tagged at that same location. This enables followers and friends to explore different places while browsing through instagram. Geotagging is frequently used for pictures related to food and traveling similar to [[Facebook]]'s "Check-in" feature. Geotagging allows the user to checkin anywhere. The user does not have to physically be there and the place can be entirely made up.<br />
<br />
====Sharing====<br />
Users have the ability to share photos taken on Instagram on their [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], [[Tumblr]], or [[Wikipedia:Flickr|Flickr]] profiles. Instagram's privacy settings do not apply when users choose to share their picture to an external social media account. Instead, it will depend on the privacy settings set on their other profile. <br />
<br />
====Instagram Direct====<br />
Instagram Direct is an instant messaging system within the Instagram app that allows users to share pictures or videos with a selected group of people. It features threaded messaging in which users can name their chats and also share other posts from Instagram in their messages.<br />
<br />
==== Filters ====<br />
[[File:Instagramfilters.jpeg|thumb|The same photo under different filters <ref name = theatlantic>[http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/04/a-guide-to-the-instagram-filters-youll-soon-be-seeing-on-facebook/255650/ The Atlantic: A Guide to the Instagram Filters You'll Soon Be Seeing on Facebook]</ref>.]]<br />
Users have the ability to add different filters to their photos, which consist of different lighting, saturation, contrast, frames and color effects:<ref name = theatlantic/><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
*'''Aden'''- This filter gives a blue/green natural look. <br /><br />
*'''Amaro'''- Light with minimal fading and emphasis on beige <br /><br />
*'''Ashby'''- By adding a gold overlay, it creates a vintage feel to images without emphasizing shadows <ref name = theatlantic/> <br /><br />
*'''Brannan'''- Low-key with an emphasis on grays and greens <br /><br />
*'''Brooklyn'''- Purple undertones <br /><br />
*'''Clarendon'''- Creates a stronger contrast between shadows and light for images <ref name = theatlantic/> <br /><br />
*'''Charmes'''- Saturates red tones and tints warm colors <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Crema'''- Adds a creamy look that both warms and cools the image. <br /><br />
*'''Dogpatch'''- Increases contrast and tints warm colors <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Earlybird'''- Sepia- like, faded with blurred colors and an emphasis on yellow and beige<br /><br />
*'''Gingham'''- Adds yellow tone to create a brighter, faded look<ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Ginza'''- Overlays image with warm colors from the color wheel <ref name = theatlantic/> <br /><br />
*'''Hefe'''- Fuzzy with an emphasis on golden tones<br /><br />
*'''Helena'''- Saturates orange and teal colors in images <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Hudson'''- Warm and saturated with an emphasis on blues and yellows<br /><br />
*'''Inkwell'''- Black and white feature <br /><br />
*'''Juno'''- Saturates warm colors on color wheel and shades darker colors <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Kelvin'''- Saturated, retro photos with a distinctive scratchy border <br /><br />
*'''Lark'''- Saturates all colors except for red hues <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Lo-Fi'''- Dreamy with a slight blur and saturated yellows and greens<br /><br />
*'''Ludwig'''- A slight hint of desaturation that also enhances light. <br /><br />
*'''Maven'''- Shades the image,lowers contrast of hues, and also has a yellow overlay <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Mayfair'''- Applies a warm pink tone, subtle vignetting to brighten the photograph center and a thin black border <br /><br />
*'''Moon'''- Black and white feature <br /><br />
*'''Nashville'''- Sharpens the image with a magenta-purple tint and framed with a film strip border<br /><br />
*'''Normal'''- No effect<br /><br />
*'''Perpetua'''- Adding a pastel look, this filter is ideal for portraits. <br /><br />
*'''Reyes'''- Uses tint effects to create a more vintage look to images <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Rise'''- Warm with an emphasis on yellow and light browns<br /><br />
*'''Sierra'''- Light with a slight blur and emphasis on beige<br /><br />
*'''Skyline'''- Adds tint to images acting as an auto-correct feature <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''Slumber'''- Desaturates the image as well as adds haze for a retro, dreamy look – with an emphasis on blacks and blues. <br /><br />
*'''Stinson'''- A subtle filter that brightens your image, washing out the colors ever so slightly. <br />
*'''Sutro'''- Sepia effect with an emphasis on purple and brown <br /><br />
*'''Toaster'''- High exposure with vignette corners and an emphasis on red<br /><br />
*'''Valencia'''- High contrast with a slightly brown and gray overtone<br /><br />
*'''Vesper'''- Decreases sharpness of photos and adds a warmer tint to the colors <ref name = theatlantic/><br /><br />
*'''X-Pro II'''- Warm and saturated with an emphasis on aquas and greens<br /><br />
*'''Walden'''- Washed out color with slight blue overtone<br /><br />
*'''Willow'''- Washed out black and white feature <br /><br />
*'''1977'''- 70's style flair<br /><br />
<br />
Frames can be added or taken away but are different depending on the filter used. One filter's frame cannot be used with another filter's look.<br />
<br />
==== Lux ====<br />
The Lux feature allows users to adjust saturation and contrast in photos simultaneously. Users can adjust the Lux slider to control the amount of saturation and contrast.<br />
<br />
==== Adjustments ====<br />
In addition to filters, users can adjust a number of aspects of their photos. These include:<br />
*'''Adjust'''- Users can tilt or skew the photo<br />
*'''Brightness'''- Users can make the photo lighter or darker<br />
*'''Contrast'''- Users can increase or decrease the contrast in their photos<br />
*'''Structure'''- Users can enhance lines, details, and textures in their photos<br />
*'''Warmth'''- Users can make their photos warmer or cooler <br />
*'''Saturation'''- Users can increase or decrease saturation<br />
*'''Color'''- Users have the ability of adding different shades of yellow, orange, red, purple, blue, and green to either the shadows or highlights of their photos<br />
*'''Fade'''- Users can add a faded effect to their photos<br />
*'''Highlights'''- Users can increase or decrease the brightness of the highlighted portions of their photos<br />
*'''Shadows'''- Users can increase or decrease the darkness of the shadowy portions of their photos<br />
*'''Vignette'''- Users can add a vignette effect to the border of their photos<br />
*'''Tilt shift'''- Users can add an adjustable radial or linear blur to their photos<br />
*'''Sharpen'''- Users can sharpen their photos<br />
<br />
=== Video ===<br />
Instagram users can upload videos that are between 3 and 15 seconds long. When the user selects which video they would like to upload, they have the option of applying a filter to the video just as they would with a still photo.<br />
<br />
=== InstaPad===<br />
In December of 2011, InstaPad, the iPad app of Instagram, was released. It includes all of the same basic features, but is adjusted for a larger screen. <br />
=== Followgram ===<br />
[[File:Followgram.jpg|left|thumb|Followgram Website]]<br />
Followgram.me is Instagram's online interface that allows users to access the app on your web browser. Users simply need to sign in via Instagram. The website allows Instagram users to do everything they can do with the mobile app, but through a computer or laptop. Followgram users are able to create albums, share photos on various social media platforms, like and comment on photos, search tags and users, increase visibility in the social network, customize their public profile page, and utilize the "Explore" feature. <ref>[http://followgram.me/ Followgram.me: Intagram Web Viewer]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Instagram.com Web Profiles ===<br />
Aside from Followgram.me, Instagram announced the release of Instagram profiles on the web in November of 2012. These web profiles feature a users profile photo, bio, and a selection of their recently shared photographs. Through these profiles, you can like and comment on photos, edit your profile directly from the web, and follow other users. Each users profile can be found by typing in their username after the Instagram websites URL (Instagram.com/[username]). If a user is private, you cannot see their web profile unless they accept you as a follower and you are logged on to Instagram. If a users photos are set to public, any viewer who types their username into the browser will be able to see their profile. All photos a user has ever shared on Instagram can be accessed through their web profile. Currently, users cannot upload photos directly from the web, as Instagram focuses their application on uploading photos from mobile devices. The main goal of their web profiles is to make it easier for users to browse the shared content of their own content and the content of those they follow. <ref>[http://blog.instagram.com/post/35068144047/announcing-instagram-profiles-on-the-web Instagram.com Web Profiles]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ethical Concerns ==<br />
===Privacy===<br />
Instagram has a privacy setting that enables photo sharing to permitted users and disables all others from viewing. In order for one user to see private users' photos, this said user must send a follower request and can only see those photos once this user is accepted. However, if a user is private, those photos are still available to the public when a picture makes it to the popular page, or if they are geotagged to a certain location. This can serve as a slight loophole to the private photo sharing setting, as it lowers the security of a photo by a user simply if the photo becomes too popular. Also, when one user likes a photo, that photo is broadcasted via the following page to all of that users’ followers. Although there is a private setting, there are other loopholes to private photos.<br />
<br />
[[File: Instad.png|frame|App icon for Insta Download]]<br />
<br />
====Hacks====<br />
Many users, especially celebrities, have been susceptible to their Instagram accounts being hacked. This includes adding personal content from their phones as well as troll content.<br />
<br />
===Stalking===<br />
Instagram's new mapping feature has led to new privacy concerns, as geotagging picture locations shares the user's location associated with his or her picture on Instagram. This can lead to privacy concerns, if for example, users do not want their home address location publicized on their Instagram profile, which can be a huge privacy problem especially regarding stalking. Instagram uses [http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foursquare Foursquare] for its geotagging feature, which in return taps into [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_maps Google Maps]. <ref>[http://www.dailydot.com/news/instagram-map-geotagging-privacy/ The Daily Dot: Instagram's new mapping feature has lead to new privacy concerns]</ref> An example of this can be seen through [http://www.iknowwhereyourcatlives.com I Know Where Your Cat Lives], which is a website that uses data from Instagram location tagging to display those Instagrams and where the cat is located. The idea behind the website was to encourage users to make their profiles private in order to prevent this potential stalking threat.<br />
<br />
=== Copyright and Third Party Apps ===<br />
When a user posts a picture or video to Instagram, that piece of media is their personal property under copyright laws. The owner of the photo or video retains exclusive rights regarding its use, display, and distribution. Instagram's terms of use states that, “Instagram does not claim ownership of any Content that you post on or through the Service. Instead, you hereby grant to Instagram a non-exclusive, fully paid and royalty-free, transferable, sub-licensable, worldwide license to use the Content that you post on or through the Service, subject to the Service’s Privacy Policy. . .”. This clause states that Instagram may sub-license its user's content to outside companies for a fee without providing any compensation to the user. <ref>[http://www.nyccounsel.com/business-blogs-websites/who-owns-photos-and-videos-posted-on-facebook-or-twitter/ Who Owns Photos and Videos Posted on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter?]</ref> Despite this loophole, Instagram does not allow users to download any content directly from the app or website due to copyright concerns. However, there are third party apps and software that can be downloaded that circumvent this. Apps like [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.originalgeek.instasave&hl=en Photo Saver] and [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.znstudio.instadownload&hl=en Insta Download] allow users to bypass Instagram's copyright protocols and download and save any content from any user at will. This content then has the potential to be re-posted or circulated without the original poster's consent, further muddying how Instagram deals with copyright issues.<br />
<br />
=== Professional Photography ===<br />
According to Kate Bevan, a freelance writer for the UK's "The Guardian," many professional photographers believe the art of photography lies in the editing, not just capturing the picture. Some professional photographers feel that applications like Instagram are debasing genuine photography because simply adding a filter on a photograph degrades the integrity of the original picture.<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/jul/19/instagram-debasing-real-photography?INTCMP=SRCH The Guardian: Instagram is Debasing Real Photography]</ref> Others believe that Instagram standardizes the look of the photos because it offers nothing but basic filters and leaves minimal room for alterations. Rather than encouraging creativity, opponents feel it thwarts artistic ability.<ref>[http://www.quora.com/Instagram/Why-do-real-photographers-hate-Instagram-so-much Quora: Why do "real" photographers hate Instagram so much?]</ref> Thus, there is a wide debate on whether or not popular applications such as Instagram that offer filtering and editing options cheat the photography game and more importantly professional photographers who make their living based on the artistic quality of their photography.<br />
<br />
Some professional photographers have suggested creating a professional version of Instagram for connoisseurs who wish to have more editing features.<br />
On the other hand, many people also believe the application has benefits. Due to the simplicity of the application, Instagram has managed to attract more people to photography by making it more accessible. Many photographers see Instagram as a practical on-the-go tool. Since professional cameras can sometimes be inconvenient to carry around, not to mention expensive, Instagram allows its user to capture pictures in spontaneous moments with their own handheld devices. This puts the power of photography, art, and creativity in the hands of people who normally would not have access to such an opportunity.<ref>[http://digital-photography-school.com/instagram-and-its-impact-on-the-world-of-photography Digital Photography School: Instagram and its Impact on the World of Photography] Retrieved December 4, 2012.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Authenticity ===<br />
With photos uploaded on Instagram, users want to have the coolest pictures to get the most traction on their account. This requires a lot of editing, such as modifying the brightness, adding filters, and changing the opacity of pictures. There is nothing wrong with these small edits. But larger edits are now involved with editing apps, such as Facetune, where you can modify your appearance, such as making your noise smaller, eyes bigger, and face thinner. You can also modify your boobs and create abs. This raises the question of authenticity and whether or not what is shown on photo sharing apps is reality. We often buy into what we see with our eyes and wished for what we do not have. Often times, our wishes does not take into consideration whether the girl in a beautiful bikini with the perfect body has modified herself to look that way. <br />
<br />
In addition, there are more women than men who use Instagram. With women, a lot of accounts are targeted towards bloggers, who show off their clothes and fashion accessories. Often times, a lot of the bloggers are promoted by brands that pay them to wear these certain clothes and fashion accessories. Users do not realize the authenticity of the bloggers' lives and often splurge on the items the bloggers are wearing. A lot of the times the bloggers have someone to dress them up and actually dress normal like everyone else without brand promotion. <br />
<br />
=== Nudity ===<br />
In the Terms of Use section on Instagram it explicitly prohibits the posting of nude, partially nude, or sexually suggestive photos.<ref>[http://instagram.com/about/legal/terms/ Instagram: Terms of Use]</ref> However, Porn sites and spammers maliciously use hashtags to gain a presence on Instagram and spam posts of inappropriate content. Since there is no way to flag inappropriate comments, the only way to rid these spammers is to delete their accounts. In spite of this, spammers are quick to repost images under newly created accounts while Instagram is unable to keep up with deleting the new accounts, consequently struggling to prevent the problem.<ref>[http://aptsonic.com/instagram-facebooks-newest-porn-problem/ Aptsonic.com: Instagram: Facebook’s newest Porn Problem]</ref><br />
As a result of the nudity clause, popular photographer [[Wikipedia:Daniel Arnold|Daniel Arnold]] was blocked out of Instagram after posting a photo of topless women. Instagram stated that even though he considered the nudity to be art, it violated their policy of use.<ref>[http://gawker.com/5927104/the-best-photographer-on-instagram-got-banned-for-posting-boobs Gawker: The Best Photographer on Instagram Got Banned for Posting Boobs]</ref><br />
<br />
==== Free the Nipple ====<br />
Due to censorship issues surrounding the differences between female and male nudity, people identifying as women break rules outlined in Instagram's guidelines. While this is considered to be graphic content for women, men on Instagram are allowed to post images with their nipples showing. Their policies surrounding the appropriateness of certain nude images states "It also includes some photos of female nipples, but photos of post-mastectomy scarring and women actively breastfeeding are allowed". <ref>[https://help.instagram.com/477434105621119/ Community Guidelines] Retrieved 04-24-16 </ref> This raises questions about consistency in enforcing their policies and how they define nudity. The exception of post-mastectomy scarring and active breastfeeding also represent Instagram's openness to certain kinds of nudity which is considered appropriate. Celebrity advocates include Miley Cyrus, Rihanna, and Caitlin Stasey, who publish content surrounding the issue. In a public statement, the CEO Kevin Systrom explicitly referenced Apple's policies and standards concerning nudity. In order to stay available on the device, the application must abide by their rules.<ref>[http://www.marieclaire.com/culture/news/a16199/instagram-nudity-free-the-nipple/ Instagram Finally Explains Why It Won't #FreetheNipple] Retrieved 04-24-16 </ref><br />
<br />
In October 2014, comedienne Chelsea Handler protested Instagram's nudity policy by posting a topless photo of her side-by-side with Vladimir Putin. She mimicked a photo of Putin shirtless on a horse and appeared topless on a horse in her own photo. Instagram removed the photo, and she called the app "sexist" on Twitter when she tweeted the photo and said, "Taking this down is sexist. I have every right to show I have a better body than Putin." Twitter did not remove her photo. <ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/chelsea-handler-posts-topless-pic-745446 Chelsea Handler Posts Topless Pic in Protest of Instagram Policy]</ref> She continued with her backlash by tweeting, "If a man posts a photo of his nipples, it's ok, but not a woman? Are we in 1825?"<ref>[https://twitter.com/chelseahandler/status/528002042498146304?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw Chelsea Handler Tweet]</ref> She continued to speak out against Instagram into 2015 by posting a number of partially-nude photos that were eventually deleted by the app.<ref>[http://www.dailydot.com/entertainment/chelsea-handler-nipple-instagram/ Chelsea Handler furthers Instagram-censorship fight with new topless photos]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Spam ===<br />
Instagram has become notorious for spam-based accounts where users are spammed with generic comments asking them to go to external websites. Users are asked to report the comments and then delete them. Instagram has stated that they tackle spam everyday and are trying to improve the app for users.<ref>[http://tech2.in.com/news/general/instagram-promises-to-tackle-spam/631622 Instagram Promises to Tackle Spam] ''Tech2.in.com'' Retrieved 2012-12-10</ref> However, this spam problem is incredibly annoying to deal with for the app's regular users. Currently, Instagram is still suffering heavily from spam accounts; a 2015 research study by a group of Italian security analysts found that about 30% of Instagram accounts are inactive and an estimated 8% of the total accounts behave like automated spam bots.<ref>[http://fortune.com/2015/07/02/instagram-fraud-spam/ Instagram has a problem it needs to solve if it wants to be an ad platform]</ref> There is a huge "follower economy" where people make money by using thousands of fake accounts to like content and follow other accounts. Instagram users can purchase thousands followers and likes at bundle prices, like 1000 followers for $5.<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/shayla-r-price/big-business-buying-fake_b_6322362.html Big Business: Buying Fake Instagram Followers]</ref><br />
<br />
This is a large ethical issue because the business of selling bot followers and likes is legally murky and violates Instagram's terms of use. It also poses ethical concerns for users who build up their following organically since it could be considered cheating that account users with enough money can simply purchase the appearance of popularity. The reputations of celebrities, companies, or politicians may be harmed if the public finds out they are artificially boosting their Instagram presence and impact via bots. Some hotels actually offer free rooms and other free services to Instagram users who have enough followers, which raises ethical concerns because some people might exploit the system by using the black market of spam bots.<ref>[http://gizmodo.com/people-with-10k-instagram-followers-stay-free-in-this-h-1318364597 People With 10k Instagram Followers Stay Free In This Hotel]</ref> Instagram is also a place for heavy advertising to occur, but the existence of automated spam bots obscures the quality of Instagram's advertising capabilities.<br />
<br />
=== Hashtag Bans ===<br />
In 2015, Instagram banned a certain number of hashtags by making certain terms unsearchable. Users could still use the hashtags, but they were rendered useless because no other users could find the photos through those tags. Most notably, they banned the hashtag "#curvy," which had been used to celebrate body positivity among many female users. An Instagram rep explained that they banned the term because it was being used to share content that violated the site's community guidelines around nudity.<ref>[http://www.buzzfeed.com/norawhelan/curvy-is-a-banned-search-term-on-instagram?bffbstyle&utm_term=.kkAM4reMP#.smQP0BzP9 Instagram Has Banned #Curvy As A Search Term]</ref> Many users were upset with this ban since it targeted a certain body type. Ultimately, Instagram reversed the ban for this particular hashtag.<ref>[http://www.cio.com/article/2969838/social-networking/why-instagram-started-banning-hashtags-and-why-its-a-bad-idea.html Why Instagram started banning hashtags (and why it's a bad idea)]</ref> However, there are some hashtags that are still banned (especially relating to sex, drugs, or illegal activity).<ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/banned-instagram-hashtags-2013-8#ixzz2k4Eh7M1X These 12 Banned Hashtags Tell Us What Instagram Is Afraid Of Becoming]</ref> These hashtag bans serve as a way for the company to impose its set of views and ideals on its users while enforcing a particular set of values and inherently passing judgment on particular terms.<br />
<br />
== Controversies ==<br />
=== Wealthy Kids Stir Up Controversy ===<br />
In April, 2012, trending habits amongst wealthy teens on Instagram sparked an online controversy, resulting in harsh criticism from the media and community. Wealthy kids used special hashtags to designate images that revealed their family's assets. These images were all edited with a gold frame surrounding the image. The collection of photos were assembled and posted to a popular blogging site, Tumblr, under the title "Rich Kids Of Instagram." The online community responded to these images with hateful messages and tweets.<ref>[http://www.justluxe.com/luxe-insider/trends/feature-1815082.php Disturbing or Expected? Wealthy Teens Stir Up Instagram Controversy]</ref><br />
<br />
The 'Rich Kids of Instagram' inspired E! to create a reality television show based on them called '#Rich Kids of Beverly Hills.' It chronicled their luxurious lives and centered around their obsession with social media. The show has had mixed reviews. It has been criticized for promoting a materialistic lifestyle.<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[[Facebook]]<br />
*[[Twitter]]<br />
*[[Pinterest]]<br />
*[[Tumblr]]<br />
*[[Social Networking]]<br />
*[[Privacy in Social Networking]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
{{resource<br />
|*[http://instagram.com/instagram Instagram's Official Website]<br />
*[https://twitter.com/instagram Instagram on Twitter]<br />
}}<br />
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==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
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[[category: Websites]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
[[Category: Social Media]]<br />
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([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Cyberbullying&diff=57470Cyberbullying2016-04-27T01:53:38Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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'''Cyberbullying''' is defined as the use of any technological means of communication, such as email, text messaging, websites, or discussion forums, to intentionally hurt, defame, or intimidate another person.<ref name="Cyberbullying">Cyberbullying – teen violence statistics. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.teenviolencestatistics.com/content/cyberbullying.html</ref> Cyberbullying can occur in the following forms: a threat of violence, hate speach, harrassment, peer pressure, bribery, psychological abuse or extortion.<ref name="types">Types. Retrieved from http://www.safetyweb.com/stop-cyber-bullying</ref> As technology immerses itself further into the lives of society, cyberbullying can follow a victim anywhere through cell phones, computers, and other emerging communication devices.<ref>Holladay - missing reference?</ref> Compared to traditional bullying, cyberbullying occurs because the increased use of technology has made bullying even easier with chat rooms and social networking sites. Nevertheless, cyberbullying is just as unethical as traditional bullying. The ubiquitous nature of cyberbullying has made it into an important social issue and has led to the formation of initiatives such as [http://www.stoptherage.org/ Stop the Rage] and [http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/index2.html/ Stop Cyberbullying] which were obviously created to prevent cyberbulling from occuring.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cyberbulling.jpeg|300px|right|thumb| An example of cyberbulling in which the bully enters the victim's home and types their insult on Wordpad]]<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
While traditional bullying is not a new concern, the emergence of cyberbullying brings to light many new methods of harassment and questions about solutions to stop the hurtful behavior. <ref name="Feinberg">Feinberg, T., & Robey, N.. (2009, March). CYBERBULLYING. The Education Digest, 74(7), 26-31. Retrieved October 5, 2011, from Research Library. (Document ID: 1653003151).</ref> Cyberbullies feel they do not have to face the consequences of their actions in the online environment and often say things they would not normally say in person. <ref name="Feinberg"/> One environment in particular where the ramifications of cyberbullying can be seen are in schools, and, as any other form of bullying, is most commonly displayed between children and adolescents. This generates discussion of ethical responsibility because the act of cyberbullying does not occur in the school, but the effects are pervasive. Because cyberbullying can be done while a child is at home, it makes the bulling more intense. <ref name="Feinberg"/>The idea of cyberbullying can also be extended to include hurtful tabloid talk and exploitation of celebrities.<br />
<br />
==Cyberbullying vs. Traditional Bullying==<br />
===[[Anonymous Behavior in Virtual Environments| Anonymity]]=== <br />
There was a time when all bullying happened face to face. However with online communities, people can bully anonymously through social networking websites, chat rooms, email, etc. A cyberbully can cloak his or her identity using anonymous email addresses or pseudonymous screen names. Cyberbullying is particularly challenging to deal with because the victim often does not know who is attacking them or why they are being bullied. Anonymity gives users who would normally not be able to defend themselves an outlet to humiliate others, often times without repercussion.<br />
<br />
===Widespread Occurrence===<br />
Traditional bullies have to let their victims see them and can only gain supposed from friends around them. Cyberbullies, on the other hand, can threaten or humiliate their victims without their identity being known to an audience of thousands of people. Using social networking sites, a cyberbully can post stories to a large number of people with minimal effort. There are potentially an unlimited number of witnesses.<br />
<br />
===Location===<br />
It is easier to be cruel using technology because a bully will not feel the repercussions of their actions in a timely manner. They do not get the social cues from the victim, such as crying or pained facial expressions, that let them know they have gone too far. Those around them do not have a chance to ostracize or scold the bully due to the lack of an audience. The lack of normal social cues from others enhances the victimization.<br />
<br />
===Increased Level of Damage===<br />
Cyberbullying is more threatening than traditional bullying because the potential harm of damaging statements is greater. With cyberbullying, victimization is more prevalent and the dangerous effects of bullying are amplified. Cyberbullying communications are difficult to completely delete; they persist online for longer than a vocal jeer made in public. The increased threat is also due to the anonymity associated with forms of cyberbullying. Because the victim does not necessarily know who their attacker is, there is a more realistic threat. In turn, a victim has the same opportunity to lash out at their bully. The equal opportunity to this type of harmful speech continuous the cycle of victimization. <ref name="Schwartz" > Kate Schwartz, Note, Criminal Liability for Internet Culprits: The Need for Updated State Laws Covering the Full Spectrum of Cyber Victimization, 87 Wash. U. L. Rev. 407, 412 (2009).</ref><br />
<br />
===Characteristics===<br />
Cyberbullies share many of the same characteristics as those of traditional bullies. Both parties are known to have poor relationships with parents or guardians. <br />
<br />
Cyberbullies are also more likely to: <br />
*be victims of traditional bullying<br />
*be frequent and daily Internet users<br />
*be involved with harmful substances<br />
*be responsible for other delinquent behavior <ref name="Feinberg"/><br />
<br />
===Motivations===<br />
Cyberbullies find many different reasons for their actions:<br />
<br />
*protection of another friend under attack<br />
*establishing power by instilling fear<br />
*invincibility through anonymity <br />
*technological manipulation skills<br />
*boredom<br />
*power hungry/abuse<br />
*attack of a weaker peer <ref name="Feinberg"/><br />
<br />
==Platforms==<br />
Cyberbullying can occur anywhere technology allows it. Examples include social media sites such as [[Wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]] and [[Wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]], as well as cell phones, chat rooms, forums, blogs etc. Social media sites stand as the most common instruments employed by cyberbullies to harm their victims. Social media sites, with their sense of anonymity granted as a result of the complex social organization found within them, allows for users to speak up against bullying that they see taking place. <br />
<br />
== Victims ==<br />
Victims of cyberbullying are most commonly vulnerable members of the population being examined. They are also commonly the victims of bullying in real space. Victims often experience isolation or exclusion from other peers because of their lack of popularity or other factors. Victims often suffer from depression, anxiety, and low self confidence.<ref name="Feinberg"/> Because of these factors, victims are more likely to experience cyberbullying because they seek attention and/or acceptance from peers and hence are easier to manipulate. They are also apathetic in observing Internet safety strategies, in relying on their parents for guidance or help, and in reporting abusive situations.<ref name="Feinberg"/><br />
<br />
=== LGBTQIA Identifying Victims ===<br />
LBGTQIA citizens are most likely to be the target of violent hate crimes in the United States, according to the FBI. <ref>[http://cyberbullying.org/cyberbullying_sexual_orientation_fact_sheet.pdf Cyberbullying Research Summary Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Sexual Orientation]</ref> In a study conducted by the Cyberbullying Research Center, Cyberbullying of LGBTQIA individuals is found to be twice as high as heterosexual youth. <ref>[http://cyberbullying.org/cyberbullying_sexual_orientation_fact_sheet.pdf Cyberbullying Research Summary Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Sexual Orientation]</ref> In addition, four times as many more students who do not identify as hetoerosexual miss school due to concerns of their safety. While many schools have rules and guidelines preventing discrimination on these grounds, there is no Federal law nor policy that explicitly addresses this issue.<br />
<br />
== Effects ==<br />
The main effect of cyberbullying is significant emotional hurt. Victims are often driven to the point of emotional breakdowns. Repercussions of cyber-bullying on students in school include: poor concentration, poor class performance, and tardies or absences because of low self confidence, depression, and anxiety.<ref name="Feinberg"/> Because cyberbullies are commonly anonymous, victims can become hypersensitive and paranoid in their environment. <ref name="Feinberg"/> Some serious documented effects include violence, depression, and severe dysfunction<ref name="Feinberg"/><br />
<br />
In some extreme cases, like with Megan Meier, cyberbullying can lead to suicides <ref>Megan Meier's Story|http://www.meganmeierfoundation.org/megansStory.php</ref>. This has lead to several prominent organizations, like the National Crime Prevention Council and StopBullying.gov to publish guides on how to deal with cyberbullying and what to do if you're a victim. <ref>Cyberbullying - StopBullying.gov|http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/index.html</ref><ref>Cyberbullying - National Crime Prevention Council| http://www.ncpc.org/cyberbullying</ref><br />
<br />
== Prevention and Solutions ==<br />
There are no magic solutions to combat cyberbullying and other threats over the Internet. However, people can take preventative measures to reduce any risk that exsists. On the Internet, there are many public displays of connections. For example, on [[Wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]], the list of friends people have allows access to friends profiles and then to friends of friends profiles. Keeping friend lists on [[Facebook]] accurate and up to date is an important way to avoid unwanted encounters. Cyberbullies seek a reaction from the people they harass. When they fail to get one, they often give up. <br />
<br />
==Girls and Cyberbullying ==<br />
Research conducted by dosomething.org found that girls are more likely to be the victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying than boys. Boys tend to engage in more physical bullying while girls engage in bullying that is more emotionally damaging. They bully in more covert and sneaky ways. Therefore, it is easier to bully others behind the screen of a cellphone or computer. <br />
<br />
== Ethical Implications ==<br />
[[Wikipedia:Bullying|Bullying]] in any form is considered an unethical action. Because of the pervasive nature of technology in people's lives, a very efficient outlet for harassment is created in a technological environment with the birth of social networking sites and other communication portals. Technology progresses faster and easier, but our moral principles are no different from what existed before; rather there are the same ethical issues just on a larger scale. For many victims of bullying, the virtual environment is only another place for them to be bullied. Anonymity online has made it easier for bullies to target their victims because at times they are able to generate fake profiles on multiple social networking sites to target their victims. Technology has also made it easier for bullies to obtain their victims' personal and contact information, making it even easier for them to come into unwanted and threatening interaction with others.<br />
<br />
Some people have questioned whether or not cyberbullying constitutes legislative action, and how cyberbullying can be defined as to be precise enough in an ever diverse technological world. With different technologies for virtual communication, cyberbullying can extend to various media. Recently the state of Michigan has signed legislation that would require schools to have a policy for bullying, including cyberbullying. Some critics of the legislation believe that the accounts of bullying in an online environment do not transcend into the offline world.<br />
<br />
Some others believe that virtual reality is not actually reality, and therefore, people should be free to act as they please in such environments. For many, it boils down to the fundamental question: should real-world rules apply to virtual realities?<br />
<br />
==Media Portrayals ==<br />
Due to the increased media coverage of cyberbullying cases, television networks have taken notice to the rise in this harmful communication. ABC Family produced [http://abcfamily.go.com/movies/cyberbully/ Cyberbully], a movie about a girl who is victimized on social media sites and almost commits suicide. Through the film, ABC Family and [http://www.seventeen.com/ Seventeen Magazine] launched the "Delete Digital Drama" campaign. Through this campaign, they hope to shed light on the harm caused by cyberbullying in order to make the bullies reflect on what they have done, and stop. <br />
[[File:cyberbullyabc.jpg|200px|thumb|right|ABC Family's "Cyberbully"]]<br />
<br />
MTV also their own campaign to end cyberbullying and other harmful types of speech on the web. Their [http://www.athinline.org/ A Thin Line] campaign aims to help draw the line for harmful, sexual explicit, and damaging types of speech. The goal of the initiative is to empower America's youth to identify, respond to and stop the spread of the various forms of digital harassment. <ref>http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1627487/mtv-launches-thin-line-stop-digital-abuse.jhtml </ref>.<br />
[[File:athinline.png|200px|thumb|right|MTV's A Thin Line campaign]]<br />
<br />
Media journalists such as Anderson Cooper and Perez Hilton are specifically strong advocates for antigay bullying. Both post many articles and segments about gay cyberbullying as well as many resources and links for kids experiencing the bullying.<br />
<br />
==Cases==<br />
===Pheobe Prince===<br />
After death, [[Wikipedia:Phoebe Prince|Phoebe Prince]] was still bullied. Her memorial page on [[Facebook]] that was dedicated to the Massachusetts teen that had committed suicide, was ravaged by [[Troll|trolls]] who left spiteful comments that were eventually removed. The 15-year-old teenager was a recent immigrant from Ireland. She was a young girl with a pretty face and was found dead in her home in little South Hadley on Jan. 14, according to police. Afterward, some of her fellow students and classmates spoke out to let school officials know that Prince had been insulted incessantly via text messaging and harassed on social networking sites like [[Facebook]]. David LaBrie South Hadley Police Chief denied discussing the details of Prince's suicide out of “respect for the family's privacy.” Many in the community of about 17,000 in western Massachusetts was in shock after learning that Prince had reportedly hung herself. <ref>James, Susan. "Immigrant Teen Taunted by Cyberbullies Hangs Herself ." www.ABCNews.com. N.p., Jan 26, 2010. Web. 13 Dec 2011. <http://abcnews.go.com/Health/cyber-bullying-factor-suicide-massachusetts-teen-irish-immigrant/story?id=9660938 </ref><br />
<br />
===Megan Meier===<br />
[[Wikipedia:Megan Meier|Megan Meier]] is a 13 year old girl who committed suicide by hanging herself a few weeks before her 14th birthday. She was humiliated when she was sent hurtful messages through MySpace from a fake profile created by a former friend's 49 year old mother. <ref name="Anon">Anonymous. Dudnikov v. Chalk & Vermilion V. Cyberlaw - Additional Developments</ref> In the aftermath of her death, her friends and family set up the Megan Meier Foundation to "bring awareness, education and promote positive change to children, parents, and educators in response to the ongoing bullying and cyberbullying in our children's daily environment" <ref> http://www.meganmeierfoundation.org/ </ref>. The foundation organizes speakers to talk to kids about how they can prevent and stop bullying.<br />
<br />
===Tyler Clementi===<br />
[[File:Tyler Clementi.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Tyler Clementi]]<br />
<br />
[[Wikipedia:Suicide of Tyler Clementi|Tyler Clementi]] was an 18 year old student at Rutgers University who committed suicide in 2010 by jumping off of the George Washington Bridge after a webcam video displaying him kissing another male classmate was posted on the Internet. After his death, Tyler Clementi's parents, Jane and Joseph Clementi, established the Tyler Clementi Foundation, which focuses on promoting acceptance of LGBT teens and others marginalized by society, providing education against all forms of bullying and promoting research and development into the causes and prevention of teenage suicide. <ref> http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2011-12-12/tyler-clementi-suicide-rutgers/51832974/1?csp=34news </ref> Dharun Ravi served twenty days of a thirty day jail sentence for posting the Clementi video on the Internet. Ravi was also "sentenced...to three years of probation and [is] required...to pay $10,000 to a fund that helps victims of bias crimes and to perform 300 hours of community service." <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/20/nyregion/dharun-ravi-ex-rutgers-student-who-spied-leaves-jail.html</ref> The fact that Ravi served any jail time, even just a few weeks, shows that Cyberbullying is becoming a more important topic in the media and can have real world consequences and lasting punishments, including jail.<br />
<br />
===Chris Armstrong===<br />
[[File:AndrewandChris.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Chris Armstrong(left) and Andrew Shirvell(right).]]<br />
In 2010, the University of Michigan's first openly gay president of their student government was the subject of an anonymous blog called ChrisArmstrongWatch, dedicated to exposing the allegedly homosexual agenda he was purported to be enacting at UM<ref name= atl>http://abovethelaw.com/tag/chris-armstrong/</ref>. The author of the blog was revealed to be Michigan Assistant Attorney General Andrew Shirvell, who had been appearing at UM student government meetings to protest Armstrong's presidency<ref>http://www.michigandaily.com/content/armstrong-says-he-will-not-back-down-criticism</ref> as well as videotaping Armstrong's off-campus residence during parties that he would go on to characterize as "gay dorm orgies," taking innocuous comments from other UM students off of Armstrong's Facebook page to corroborate his story<ref name=tds>http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-november-1-2010/look-who-s-stalking</ref>. Armstrong pursued legal action<ref name= atl/>, and Shrivell was dismissed from his job with the state of Michigan<ref>http://www.annarbor.com/news/andrew-shirvell-fired-from-job-at-attorney-generals-office/</ref>. The case was resolved on August 12, 2012, with a jury ruling in favor of Armstrong and ordering Shirvell to pay $4.5 million in damages. Shirvell continues to remain unemployed since the incident <ref> http://abcnews.go.com/US/attorney-andrew-shirvell-ordered-pay-45-million-attacks/story?id=17028621#.UMYKyIPAd2A </ref>. Additionally, in September 2012, Shirvell's lawyer sought a court order for a mental examination of Shirvell <ref> http://www.annarbor.com/news/lawyer-seeks-mental-examination-for-andrew-shirvell/ </ref>. Considerable attention was given to the fact that the office of the Michigan Attorney General had been focused on addressing issues of cyberbullying, which, according to the state definition, is exactly what Shirvell had been engaged in<ref name="tds"/>.<br />
<br />
==="A [[Virtual Rape|Rape]] in Cyberspace" - LambdaMOO===<br />
A different form of cyberbullying is when a user attacks another user's avatar rather than the individual. [[LambdaMOO]] is an online community where users create [[Avatar|avatars]] and in turn, interact with other players' avatars. In this particular case, a player named Mr. Bungle committed what is now called a "cyberrape." The player who controlled Mr. Bungle found a glitch in the system where it seemed as if other players in the game were the cause of the rape. Many users of LambdaMOO were very upset after the "cyberrape," including some who felt personally offended and some who felt that the player behind Mr. Bungle should be removed from the virtual community. The "rape in cyberspace" case questions who should be held accountable, if anyone, for the emotional harm created among members of this particular community. It also raises questions for where the line should be drawn between real world problems and issues faced in a virtual environment.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rape_in_Cyberspace</ref><ref>http://www.gamegrene.com/node/447</ref><br />
<br />
==Cyberbully Quiz==<br />
[http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/index2.html/ Stop Cyberbullying] has created a test to see whether or not you are a cyber bully and to what degree. You may not know you are a cyber bully because what may seem innocent fun to you can cause harm to others. The unclear definition of cyberbullying makes it hard to convict as well as hard to determine what bullying content looks like. <br />
[http://stopcyberbullying.org/tweens/are_you_a_cyberbully.html/ Quiz]<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource |<br />
*[[Cyberlaw]]<br />
*[[Cyberstalking]]<br />
*[[Human Flesh Search]]<br />
*[[Online Identity Theft]]<br />
*[[Privacy in Social Networking]]<br />
*[[The Amy Boyer Case]]<br />
}}<br />
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==References==<br />
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{{resource |<br />
<references/><br />
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[[Category: Social Networking]]<br />
[[Category: Information Ethics]]<br />
[[Category: Virtual Environments, Concerns, & Issues]]<br />
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|} {{Section|||#BOTTOM}}</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Civilization_(Video_Game_Series)&diff=57469Civilization (Video Game Series)2016-04-27T01:41:46Z<p>Averyw: /* Cheating */</p>
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{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=Civilization <br />
|HEIGHT=650<br />
|LOGO=Civlogo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=civ.jpeg<br />
|CAPTION="Civilization original game cover."<br />
|IMAGEURL=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civ<br />
|TEXT=wikipedia<br />
|TYPE=Video Game<br />
|LAUNCH=1991<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=Mac OS X<br>Windows<br> iOS<br>Xbox360<br>Playstation3<br />
|PRODUCT=Civilization<br>Civilization II <br> Civilization III <br>Civilization IV <br> Civilization V <br> Civilization Revolution <br> Civilization World<br />
|SITEURL=http://www.civilization.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=www.civilization.com/<br />
}}<br />
'''Civilization''' is a franchise of turn-based games created by Sid Meier. It is one of the most popular turn-based strategic games, with its most recent release, Civilization V selling 9 millions copies world-wide <ref>CivilizationV Official Site [http://www.civilization5.com/#/information/ Information]</ref> Civilization, the first in its series, was first released in 1991, while the latest expansion pack edition of Civilization V, called "Civilization V: Gods and Kings," was released in June 2012. <ref name="fan">Civ Fanatics Community [http://www.civfanatics.com/ ]</ref> Civilization V is available on both Mac and PC, while Civilization Revolution, released in 2008, is available on the Xbox360, PS3, Nintendo DS, and also mobile platforms such as iOS. <ref> Civilization Revolution Official Site [http://www.civilizationrevolution.com/ Home Page] </ref><br />
<br />
==Game Overview==<br />
<br />
The main point of the game is to “Build an empire to stand the test of time”. Players can choose leader of which civilization one wants to become. Depending on which edition of the game one is playing the number of civilizations increases. The first game of the series Civilization offered players 14 different civilizations to choose from while the latest edition Civilization V has to offer 34 different civilizations. There are also 8 different levels of difficulty. <ref name = "fan"/><br />
<br />
In the most popular game mode, for a single player, players can pick the size of the map, the length of the game, and the difficulty level and how aggressive the barbarians will be. The game starts in the year 4000BC. Usually a player has two or three units, depending on the civilization, including one, which has to be a settler in order to build the first city. After building the first city, a player has access to foreign advisors, cultural advisors, military advisors, diplomatic advisors and scientific advisors. Each of them is important because they help players to build a well-balanced empire that can stand the test of time. [[File:civ2.jpeg|200px|thumb|left|The longest game ever played.]]Players can use them in order to decide which technology they want to discover, what unit or which building one wants to build in a city, or who they want to trade with. Advisors also keep players posted on diplomatic and military situations. That helps players to know if other empires might attack them and if so if they are ready to protect themselves. <ref name="wiki">Civilizaton Official Wiki Site [http://wiki.2kgames.com/civ5/index.php]</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
Since Civilization is a turn-based game one has to wait till every other civilization ends their turn in order to make their next moves. This way of playing leads to very long and entertaining games. Civilization is well known from its “one more turn” mode, which is reached after year 2050, when the actual scoring game is ended. It can be very involving for a player. One of the players called Lycerius has been playing one game, in Civilization II, for over ten years. He reached year AD3991. <br />
<ref> CNN Tech, [http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/18/tech/gaming-gadgets/civilization-ii-ten-years/index.html/ 10-year-long video game creates 'hellish nightmare' world] </ref><ref> Guardian UK, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/booksblog/2012/jun/13/civilization-ii-big-brother-orwell-1984/ From Civilization to Big Brother: how a game recreated Orwell's 1984 It turns out that if you play Civilization II for long enough, you enter a world very much like Orwell's 1984. Coincidence?] </ref><br />
<br />
<br />
===How to Win===<br />
<br />
In Civilization, players can win in multiple ways, such as: cultural, diplomatic, domination, science time, conquering other civilizations, achieving diplomacy pacts with other civilizations or wining the race to the moon. Here are the exact ways of winning in Civilization 5 <ref name = "wiki"/><br />
<br />
* '''Cultural''', in order to achieve cultural victory a player must complete five branches of social policies.<br />
<br />
*'''Diplomatic''', a player can achieve this type of victory by researching “Globalization” and construction of the United Nations. After that all players in the game are going to vote for the United Nations leader. If the player will be voted then one immediately wins a diplomacy victory. <br />
<br />
*'''Domination''', the last player who will be in control of its own capital city can achieve this victory. <br />
<br />
*'''Science''', one can achieve this victory by learning all necessary technologies in order to build a space ship parts, then building them and moving it to its capital city.<br />
<br />
*'''Time''', the game will end automatically at the end of year 2050. At this time points will be calculated based on empire achievements. After that, a player can still play but one cannot change the result of the game.<br />
<br />
==Major Releases==<br />
<br />
<ref name = "fan"/><br />
<br />
{|class = "wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
|Title<br />
|Year<br />
|Note<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization<br />
|1991<br />
|First Civilization game ever<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization II<br />
|1996<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization III<br />
|2001<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization IV<br />
|2005<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization V<br />
|2010<br />
|Latest edition of the full game not including extension packs <br />
|-<br />
|Civilization Revolution<br />
|2008<br />
|The first game developed for mobile platforms such as iOS and gaming systems<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization World<br />
|2011<br />
| A Beta version of a game created for Facebook<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
<br />
===Violence===<br />
[[File:Civ5_nuclear.jpg|300px|thumb|right|A screenshot of a nuclear bomb detonated in Civ 5.]]<br />
Similar to games like [[Call of Duty]], Civilization can be described as a violent computer game. It is different than first person shooters as there is no blood on the screen, but in some ways Civilization might be considered more brutal, as players can destroy whole cities or other civilizations with a large assortment of weapons, including nuclear bombs. Each time the user tries to conquer another player’s city, the user has an option to either occupy it or burn it. Either of these two options could be considered unethical, since war itself is not an ethical action. <br />
<br />
It should be noted that all violence can be avoided when playing Civilization. There are ways to win the game peacefully and even form alliances with other factions so as to limit war. However, most players condone violence in Civilization as it is the most timely way to winning.<br />
<br />
===Cheating===<br />
Cheating is another ethical issue related to this game. One example is observed in the ethics of politics in the game. Since a player interacts with leaders of other empires, there are several opportunities to cheat on these leaders. Although players can promise to help other empires by accepting a gift from other leaders, they can go against that leader at a later point on in the game. Players do this by attacking other leaders or breaking research agreements. Players can also spy on other empires. One can learn about other civilizations’ research plans, development plans or more accurate demographics. Players can also try to develop international conflicts by stealing different technologies or units. Making these unjust diplomatic decisions while playing the game raises an important question: do your actions in the video game have some effect on your perception of, and behavior within, the real world?<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
*[[Angry Birds]]<br />
*[[Call of Duty]]<br />
*[[Ethics in Computer & Video Games]]<br />
*[[The Sims 3]]<br />
*[[World of Warcraft]]<br />
*[[Warcraft III]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
*[http://http://www.civilization.com Civilization's Website]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category:Video Games]]<br />
[[Category:Computer Simulation]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Civilization_(Video_Game_Series)&diff=57468Civilization (Video Game Series)2016-04-27T01:38:27Z<p>Averyw: /* Cheating */</p>
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<div>{{Nav-Bar|Topics#C}}<br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=Civilization <br />
|HEIGHT=650<br />
|LOGO=Civlogo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=civ.jpeg<br />
|CAPTION="Civilization original game cover."<br />
|IMAGEURL=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civ<br />
|TEXT=wikipedia<br />
|TYPE=Video Game<br />
|LAUNCH=1991<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=Mac OS X<br>Windows<br> iOS<br>Xbox360<br>Playstation3<br />
|PRODUCT=Civilization<br>Civilization II <br> Civilization III <br>Civilization IV <br> Civilization V <br> Civilization Revolution <br> Civilization World<br />
|SITEURL=http://www.civilization.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=www.civilization.com/<br />
}}<br />
'''Civilization''' is a franchise of turn-based games created by Sid Meier. It is one of the most popular turn-based strategic games, with its most recent release, Civilization V selling 9 millions copies world-wide <ref>CivilizationV Official Site [http://www.civilization5.com/#/information/ Information]</ref> Civilization, the first in its series, was first released in 1991, while the latest expansion pack edition of Civilization V, called "Civilization V: Gods and Kings," was released in June 2012. <ref name="fan">Civ Fanatics Community [http://www.civfanatics.com/ ]</ref> Civilization V is available on both Mac and PC, while Civilization Revolution, released in 2008, is available on the Xbox360, PS3, Nintendo DS, and also mobile platforms such as iOS. <ref> Civilization Revolution Official Site [http://www.civilizationrevolution.com/ Home Page] </ref><br />
<br />
==Game Overview==<br />
<br />
The main point of the game is to “Build an empire to stand the test of time”. Players can choose leader of which civilization one wants to become. Depending on which edition of the game one is playing the number of civilizations increases. The first game of the series Civilization offered players 14 different civilizations to choose from while the latest edition Civilization V has to offer 34 different civilizations. There are also 8 different levels of difficulty. <ref name = "fan"/><br />
<br />
In the most popular game mode, for a single player, players can pick the size of the map, the length of the game, and the difficulty level and how aggressive the barbarians will be. The game starts in the year 4000BC. Usually a player has two or three units, depending on the civilization, including one, which has to be a settler in order to build the first city. After building the first city, a player has access to foreign advisors, cultural advisors, military advisors, diplomatic advisors and scientific advisors. Each of them is important because they help players to build a well-balanced empire that can stand the test of time. [[File:civ2.jpeg|200px|thumb|left|The longest game ever played.]]Players can use them in order to decide which technology they want to discover, what unit or which building one wants to build in a city, or who they want to trade with. Advisors also keep players posted on diplomatic and military situations. That helps players to know if other empires might attack them and if so if they are ready to protect themselves. <ref name="wiki">Civilizaton Official Wiki Site [http://wiki.2kgames.com/civ5/index.php]</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
Since Civilization is a turn-based game one has to wait till every other civilization ends their turn in order to make their next moves. This way of playing leads to very long and entertaining games. Civilization is well known from its “one more turn” mode, which is reached after year 2050, when the actual scoring game is ended. It can be very involving for a player. One of the players called Lycerius has been playing one game, in Civilization II, for over ten years. He reached year AD3991. <br />
<ref> CNN Tech, [http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/18/tech/gaming-gadgets/civilization-ii-ten-years/index.html/ 10-year-long video game creates 'hellish nightmare' world] </ref><ref> Guardian UK, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/booksblog/2012/jun/13/civilization-ii-big-brother-orwell-1984/ From Civilization to Big Brother: how a game recreated Orwell's 1984 It turns out that if you play Civilization II for long enough, you enter a world very much like Orwell's 1984. Coincidence?] </ref><br />
<br />
<br />
===How to Win===<br />
<br />
In Civilization, players can win in multiple ways, such as: cultural, diplomatic, domination, science time, conquering other civilizations, achieving diplomacy pacts with other civilizations or wining the race to the moon. Here are the exact ways of winning in Civilization 5 <ref name = "wiki"/><br />
<br />
* '''Cultural''', in order to achieve cultural victory a player must complete five branches of social policies.<br />
<br />
*'''Diplomatic''', a player can achieve this type of victory by researching “Globalization” and construction of the United Nations. After that all players in the game are going to vote for the United Nations leader. If the player will be voted then one immediately wins a diplomacy victory. <br />
<br />
*'''Domination''', the last player who will be in control of its own capital city can achieve this victory. <br />
<br />
*'''Science''', one can achieve this victory by learning all necessary technologies in order to build a space ship parts, then building them and moving it to its capital city.<br />
<br />
*'''Time''', the game will end automatically at the end of year 2050. At this time points will be calculated based on empire achievements. After that, a player can still play but one cannot change the result of the game.<br />
<br />
==Major Releases==<br />
<br />
<ref name = "fan"/><br />
<br />
{|class = "wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
|Title<br />
|Year<br />
|Note<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization<br />
|1991<br />
|First Civilization game ever<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization II<br />
|1996<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization III<br />
|2001<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization IV<br />
|2005<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization V<br />
|2010<br />
|Latest edition of the full game not including extension packs <br />
|-<br />
|Civilization Revolution<br />
|2008<br />
|The first game developed for mobile platforms such as iOS and gaming systems<br />
|-<br />
|Civilization World<br />
|2011<br />
| A Beta version of a game created for Facebook<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
<br />
===Violence===<br />
[[File:Civ5_nuclear.jpg|300px|thumb|right|A screenshot of a nuclear bomb detonated in Civ 5.]]<br />
Similar to games like [[Call of Duty]], Civilization can be described as a violent computer game. It is different than first person shooters as there is no blood on the screen, but in some ways Civilization might be considered more brutal, as players can destroy whole cities or other civilizations with a large assortment of weapons, including nuclear bombs. Each time the user tries to conquer another player’s city, the user has an option to either occupy it or burn it. Either of these two options could be considered unethical, since war itself is not an ethical action. <br />
<br />
It should be noted that all violence can be avoided when playing Civilization. There are ways to win the game peacefully and even form alliances with other factions so as to limit war. However, most players condone violence in Civilization as it is the most timely way to winning.<br />
<br />
===Cheating===<br />
Cheating is another ethical issue that has developed from this game. An example is observed in the ethics of politics. Since a player has to interact with leaders of other empires, there is several opportunities for cheating on other leaders. Although players can promise to help other empires by accepting a gift from other leaders, they can go against that leader later on in the game. This is demonstrated by attacking other leaders or breaking research agreements. Players can also spy on other empires. One can learn about other civilizations’ research plans, development plans or more accurate demographics. Players can also try to develop international conflicts by stealing technologies or units. Making unjust diplomatic decisions in-game raises the question: do your actions in-game have some effect on your perception of, and behavior within, the real world?<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
*[[Angry Birds]]<br />
*[[Call of Duty]]<br />
*[[Ethics in Computer & Video Games]]<br />
*[[The Sims 3]]<br />
*[[World of Warcraft]]<br />
*[[Warcraft III]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
*[http://http://www.civilization.com Civilization's Website]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category:Video Games]]<br />
[[Category:Computer Simulation]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Hulu&diff=57438Hulu2016-04-27T00:17:35Z<p>Averyw: /* Free 30-Day Trial */</p>
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<div>{{nav-Bar|topics#A}}<br />
<br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=625<br />
|NAME=Hulu <br />
|LOGO=Hulu Image.jpeg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=hulu_page.png<br />
|CAPTION=Hulu's logo<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|PLATFORM=Google Chrome<br/>Mozilla Firefox<br/>Safari<br/>Internet Explorer<br/> Microsoft Windows<br/>Mac OS X<br/> Linux<br/><br />
|PRODUCT=On Demand Video Streaming<br />
|TYPE=Joint Venture <br />
|SITEURL=http://hulu.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.hulu.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=March 2007 <br />
}}<br />
'''Hulu''' is an ad-supported online video service that offers on-demand streaming content including popular TV shows, movies, and other clips from many networks including FOX, ABC, and NBC. The Hulu team shares the company with [[Wikipedia: The Walt Disney Company|The Walt Disney Company]], NBCUniversal, News Corporation, and Providence Equity Partners.<ref>http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/hulu_llc/index.html,</ref> Starting as a subscription-based service, Hulu is now free for all users, but also provides a premium service called Hulu Plus, which provides more content on additional devices for $7.99 a month.<ref>http://www.hulu.com/plus?src=top-nav/</ref> Hulu Plus presents ethical concerns in that many users piggyback off of a friend's account information, and they are able to take advantage of the Hulu Plus services without actually paying for them. Hulu's headquarters are located in Los Angeles, California. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Hulu, literally meaning "gourd" or "interactive recording" in Mandarin, was founded in March of 2007 in partnership with [[Wikipedia:AOL|AOL]], [[Wikipedia:Comcast|Comcast]], [[Wikipedia:MSN|MSN]], [[Wikipedia:MySpace|MySpace]], and [[Wikipedia:Yahoo|Yahoo]]. It started with an invitation-based beta testing only available in the U.S. Jason Hilar was appointed CEO in 2007. Additionally, in 2007 Hulu won "Best Video Startup" at the 2007 Crunchies, an event sponsored by TechCrunch, GigaOm, and VentureBeat<ref>http://techcrunch.com/2008/01/18/2007-crunchies-the-winners/</ref>. <br />
<br />
On March 12th, 2008, Hulu opened its services to the U.S. public, starting with over 250 T.V. shows and 100 movies from FOX, NBC, and their affiliated channels<ref>http://www.wired.com/entertainment/theweb/magazine/16-10/mf_hulu?currentPage=all</ref>. In 2008, The Walt Disney Company became an equity owner of Hulu, adding many of Disney's most popular shows including shows like Lost, Grey's Anatomy, and Desperate Housewives.<ref>http://www.businessinsider.com/disney-joins-hulu-2009-4</ref> In late 2008, a "Discussions" tab was also added underneath the video player that allowed users to engage in discussion. <br />
<br />
[[File: hulu-revenues.jpeg|thumb|left|300px|Hulu's revenue form 2008-2011]]<br />
<br />
In 2011, the Hulu Plus app was created for [[Android]] smart phones. The app was originally designed for the Nexus One, Nexus S, HTC Inspire 4G, Motorola Droid II, Motorola Droid X, and the Motorola Atrix, but by the end of the year, was available on over 200 million devices including Microsoft's Xbox 360, other types of smart phones, and tablets such as the Barnes and Noble's NOOK tablet and Amazon's Kindle Fire. Hulu also launched in Japan in late 2011, they year when they began allowing users to have access to show programs limited to four devices for one monthly price. <br />
<br />
Hulu launched Hulu AdZone, presented by Toyota, which offered all of the Super Bowl ads going back as far as 1973<ref>http://www.webpronews.com/relive-super-bowl-commercial-history-with-hulus-adzone-2012-01</ref><br />
<br />
On April 17th, 2012, Hulu announced a "100% Completion Rate" deal with advertisers using their services - if advertisements were not streamed until they were finished, advertisers were not charged.<ref>http://mashable.com/2012/04/17/hulu-advertisers-100-percent-ad/</ref>. <br />
Previously available for Microsoft's Xbox 360 and the Nintendo Wii, on September 10th, 2012, Hulu Plus became available on the third major gaming platform: [[Wikipedia:Sony's Playstation 3|Sony's Playstation 3]].<br />
<br />
As of 2011, Hulu Plus has 1.5 million subscribers, making it the fastest video subscription service to reach that number in U.S. history.<br />
In 2012, Hulu added its own original programming, including the Hulu original sitcom, "Battlefield," which premiered in February.<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/17/business/media/hulu-the-online-tv-site-adds-original-programming.html?ref=hulullc</ref><br />
<br />
==Advertising==<br />
[[File: hulu-ad-swap.png|thumb|right|300px|Hulu's Adswap allows users to pick the commercial they want to watch]]<br />
In 2010, Hulu reported that it averaged $0.143 in revenue from ads per episode watched,<ref>http://gigaom.com/video/hulu-defends-ad-split/</ref> and in 2011, Hulu generated the highest number of video ads in the U.S. at 963 million ads viewed<ref>http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2011/8/comScore_Releases_July_2011_U.S._Online_Video_Rankings</ref>. Hulu also began asking users to rate whether or not ads were relevant to them - ads deemed irrelevant would be replaced with different ones.<ref>http://www.dmnews.com/hulu-revamps-ad-pricing-model/article/236837/</ref> Hulu offers a multitude of deals for advertisers to choose from. There are many layouts of different advertisements, as well as different skins that they can choose from for users to view.<br />
<br />
With Hulu advertising, companies can target specific demographics. Hulu offers its viewers choice-based advertisements. This means that users can select which type of advertisement they want to view. For companies that use the choice-based advertisement option, their advertisement may not have as big of a reach but they can be more sure that the people that are seeing their advertisement will have more interest in the product. Hulu also takes pride in their “proprietary ad serving technology.” For viewers, this mean that the advertisements that they will be seeing will be “more relevant, more engaging, and ultimately more effective.” Hulu has shown data that reports that advertising on Hulu is more successful and effective than traditional TV advertising.<br />
These are the various ad formats that advertisers can utilize:<br />
*7-Second Commercial<br />
**This is a quick way to build your brand name and increase awareness of the company.<br />
*15- Or 30-Second Commercial<br />
**Custom Video<br />
*Ad Selector<br />
**Your advertisement would compete with other ads. It will be presented to the user with two or three other options and the user will choose which ad they would like to view. Users will be able to pick which ad to watch based on a thumbnail from the commercial. <br />
*Branded Entertainment Selector (BES)<br />
**Users will watch one long advertisement at the beginning of the shows instead of the regular variety of short ads throughout the show. <br />
*Slate<br />
**A standard logo splash that will be shown to the user before the show begins. <br />
*Premium Slate<br />
**Instead of just a static logo image before the show, it will be a seven-second advertisement that appears before the show starts. <br />
*Action Bar<br />
**This is a standard banner-like advertisement. The user can click on the banner and open up the full advertisement. From there, there might be more clickable options. <br />
<ref>Hulu Advertising https://ignitevisibility.com/advertising-on-hulu/</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
===Hulu Plus===<br />
[[File: huluplusipad.jpeg|thumb|right|350px|Hulu Plus on the iPad]]<br />
Hulu plus is a monthly subscription service that now has over 2 million customers. It launched its beta on June 29th, 2010 and officially launched to the public on November 17, 2010. Contrary to popular belief, Hulu plus still has the same commercials as Hulu, but has a wider library of content for users to view. It has full seasons and more episodes of shows that Hulu does not provide. Hulu Plus also unlocks the Hulu app for [[iOS]] and [[Android]] smart phones and tablets.<br />
<br />
===Hulu Desktop===<br />
Hulu recently introduced a beta version of Hulu Desktop, a free application that provides Hulu content using a PC or Mac remote and does not require the use of a web browser. No account is needed to use Hulu Desktop; it will be equipped with all of the same content from online sources. It is available on Windows, Mac, and Linux PCs. These videos can be viewed in all definitons, up to 1080p. <ref>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2350008,00.asp</ref><br />
<br />
===Hulu Publisher Tools===<br />
Hulu Publisher Tools, designed for bloggers and webmasters, makes it easy to embed Hulu content into articles and blog posts. It also serves as a directory of the most relevant and popular videos on Hulu accessible at any time.<ref>http://www.socaltech.com/hulu_launches_publishing_tool__linux_support/s-0024490.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Availability==<br />
Currently, Hulu is only available in the United States and Japan. However, there are many users who get around this limitation by using proxy servers. <ref>http://www.hulu.com/support/article/171122</ref> Exclusive deals for the digital rights of many U.S. shows would make it difficult for Hulu to go global. However, Kilar has said "We Won't be satisfied until this is a global service". <ref>http://www.digitalspy.com/tech/news/a240992/hulu-puts-uk-launch-back-on-agenda.html</ref> Hulu's latest step in achieving this goal was making a deal with FremantleMedia Enterprises to distribute its original shows outside the U.S. <ref>http://www.fremantlemedia.com/news/news-detail/12-03-12/FremantleMedia_Enterprises_Signs_Global_First_Look_Deal_for_Hulu_Original_Programming.aspx</ref><br />
<br />
===Devices===<br />
The free version of Hulu is only available on a computer or laptop; however, Hulu Plus is supported and available on a multitude of devices. The list includes the Apple iPad, iPhone, Roku, Samsunk TVs and Blu-ray Disc Players, Sony BRAVIA Internet-Enabled Devices, Sony PlayStation 3, VIZIO, Nintendo Wii and Xbox 360. Paying for Hulu Plus allows subscribers to access everything Hulu has to offer on their TV via a home entertainment device or on their mobile devices.<ref name="refsupport">http://www.hulu.com/support/article/197541</ref> However, people without Hulu Plus who wish to watch shows via the free version of Hulu on their TV can also do so by connecting their computers to their TVs with an HDMI cable or other connector.<br />
<br />
==Content==<br />
[[File: hulubattleground.jpeg|thumb|right|340px|Hulu's original series, Battleground, starring Jay Hayden, Terri Reeves, and Jack DeSana]]<br />
Original content has made a major push within video streaming services, such as Hulu and Netflix. Some of the Hulu original series include: <br />
* The Morning After<br />
* A Day in the Life<br />
* Battleground<br />
* The Path<br />
* Quick Draw<br />
* Mother Up!<br />
<br />
==Ethical Implications==<br />
===Hulu Plus===<br />
Many people have access to Hulu Plus without paying for its services. Users are using accounts of family members, within a household, or among a group of friends who subscribe to the service. With a simple login of an email address and password, Hulu Plus is easily shared beyond the account user. The attempt to address this ethical issue is the service's stated license agreement that say that users can only stream to one device at a time, further emphasizing that the service allows for only one stream per account.<ref name ="refsupport"/> This restricts multiple users from streaming at the same time. As of now, there is no way to restrict the sharing of streaming content within the current business model. Multiple users using the same account takes advantage of the Hulu company, because Hulu is paying for double or triple the amount of advertisements that they should be spending. The benefits of Hulu plus includes higher quality in video, and less advertisements. Advertisements would be losing their opportunity to market their products because of the multiplicity of users sharing the same account. Because this is a difficult activity to track, there are no real restrictions that could be placed other than restricting video streaming from two devices at the same time. iTunes has a policy where you are only able to log into five different computers, and although this seems like a similar strategy that could be applied to Hulu, users are much more likely to watch videos from different computers than they would be to purchase songs or apps. This is a similar problem that Netflix has to deal with. Whatever method they choose to solve this problem with, it seems that many users are on Hulu because of the ability to view it on multiple streams easily.<br />
<br />
In addition, Hulu Plus continues to broadcast advertisements in between show content, even though it is a premium paid service. This has caused a lot of customers to be upset about paying for advertisements. Hulu has even fought against ad-blocking software by creating a blank screen during the commercial breaks that lasts for minutes instead of 30 seconds, telling users to disable the software. <ref>http://www.hulu.com/support/article/166627</ref> It begs the question whether or not paying customers should have to sit through these commercials.<br />
<br />
===Hulu Sued Over New Tracking Technology===<br />
Hulu, suspended use of KISSmetrics' analytics service after it emerged late last week that the company was using "ETag" technology to track users even when they delete their cookies. <ref>http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/155032/#axzz2E2mrC8NE</ref> After this incident was reported, two consumers filed lawsuits against Hulu, Joseph Garvey and Stacey Tsan, who argue that the companies' tracking methods violate the federal Video Privacy Protection Act as well as California state laws. It was also seen that Hulu was sharing its users' information with the popular social media music platform, [[Spotify]]. Hulu was reported to have created numerous, alternative, 'shadow' mechanisms for tracking as well.<br />
<br />
===Free 30-Day Trial===<br />
Many users do no like paying for Hulu Plus, but enjoy what it affords. Some users online create a new 30-day trial account when there is something new on Hulu Plus that they want to watch. There are not many blocks that prevent the user from doing this. As long as the user provides a different email each time, they are able to create a new free trial account.<br />
<br />
However, many people accuse these free trials of being a credit card trap. To begin the free trial, users have to supply their credit card information. Unfortunately, many forget to cancel the service after the free trial and are charged for additional months.<br />
<br />
==Hulu Competitors==<br />
The following is a list of video streaming services that can be considered competitors of Hulu. Even though these companies all go about funding their services to the public in different ways they still provide similar services and can be deemed Hulu's competition for customers. <br />
*[[YouTube]]<br />
*[[Netflix]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Joost|Joost]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Desksite|Desksite]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Tidal TV|Tidal TV]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Mordern Feed|Mordern Feed]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:EPIX|EPIX]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:FreeTube Online TV|FreeTube Online TV]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:OVGuide|OVGuide]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:blinkx|blinkx]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:TVGeroge|TVGeroge]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Revision3|Revision3]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Veoh|Veoh]]<br />
<ref>http://venturebeatprofiles.com/company/profile/hulu/competitors</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
* [[Netflix]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
==External Links==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*www.hulu.com<br />
*www.hulu.jp<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Services]]<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Hulu&diff=57435Hulu2016-04-27T00:14:30Z<p>Averyw: /* Content */</p>
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<div>{{nav-Bar|topics#A}}<br />
<br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=625<br />
|NAME=Hulu <br />
|LOGO=Hulu Image.jpeg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=hulu_page.png<br />
|CAPTION=Hulu's logo<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|PLATFORM=Google Chrome<br/>Mozilla Firefox<br/>Safari<br/>Internet Explorer<br/> Microsoft Windows<br/>Mac OS X<br/> Linux<br/><br />
|PRODUCT=On Demand Video Streaming<br />
|TYPE=Joint Venture <br />
|SITEURL=http://hulu.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.hulu.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=March 2007 <br />
}}<br />
'''Hulu''' is an ad-supported online video service that offers on-demand streaming content including popular TV shows, movies, and other clips from many networks including FOX, ABC, and NBC. The Hulu team shares the company with [[Wikipedia: The Walt Disney Company|The Walt Disney Company]], NBCUniversal, News Corporation, and Providence Equity Partners.<ref>http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/hulu_llc/index.html,</ref> Starting as a subscription-based service, Hulu is now free for all users, but also provides a premium service called Hulu Plus, which provides more content on additional devices for $7.99 a month.<ref>http://www.hulu.com/plus?src=top-nav/</ref> Hulu Plus presents ethical concerns in that many users piggyback off of a friend's account information, and they are able to take advantage of the Hulu Plus services without actually paying for them. Hulu's headquarters are located in Los Angeles, California. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Hulu, literally meaning "gourd" or "interactive recording" in Mandarin, was founded in March of 2007 in partnership with [[Wikipedia:AOL|AOL]], [[Wikipedia:Comcast|Comcast]], [[Wikipedia:MSN|MSN]], [[Wikipedia:MySpace|MySpace]], and [[Wikipedia:Yahoo|Yahoo]]. It started with an invitation-based beta testing only available in the U.S. Jason Hilar was appointed CEO in 2007. Additionally, in 2007 Hulu won "Best Video Startup" at the 2007 Crunchies, an event sponsored by TechCrunch, GigaOm, and VentureBeat<ref>http://techcrunch.com/2008/01/18/2007-crunchies-the-winners/</ref>. <br />
<br />
On March 12th, 2008, Hulu opened its services to the U.S. public, starting with over 250 T.V. shows and 100 movies from FOX, NBC, and their affiliated channels<ref>http://www.wired.com/entertainment/theweb/magazine/16-10/mf_hulu?currentPage=all</ref>. In 2008, The Walt Disney Company became an equity owner of Hulu, adding many of Disney's most popular shows including shows like Lost, Grey's Anatomy, and Desperate Housewives.<ref>http://www.businessinsider.com/disney-joins-hulu-2009-4</ref> In late 2008, a "Discussions" tab was also added underneath the video player that allowed users to engage in discussion. <br />
<br />
[[File: hulu-revenues.jpeg|thumb|left|300px|Hulu's revenue form 2008-2011]]<br />
<br />
In 2011, the Hulu Plus app was created for [[Android]] smart phones. The app was originally designed for the Nexus One, Nexus S, HTC Inspire 4G, Motorola Droid II, Motorola Droid X, and the Motorola Atrix, but by the end of the year, was available on over 200 million devices including Microsoft's Xbox 360, other types of smart phones, and tablets such as the Barnes and Noble's NOOK tablet and Amazon's Kindle Fire. Hulu also launched in Japan in late 2011, they year when they began allowing users to have access to show programs limited to four devices for one monthly price. <br />
<br />
Hulu launched Hulu AdZone, presented by Toyota, which offered all of the Super Bowl ads going back as far as 1973<ref>http://www.webpronews.com/relive-super-bowl-commercial-history-with-hulus-adzone-2012-01</ref><br />
<br />
On April 17th, 2012, Hulu announced a "100% Completion Rate" deal with advertisers using their services - if advertisements were not streamed until they were finished, advertisers were not charged.<ref>http://mashable.com/2012/04/17/hulu-advertisers-100-percent-ad/</ref>. <br />
Previously available for Microsoft's Xbox 360 and the Nintendo Wii, on September 10th, 2012, Hulu Plus became available on the third major gaming platform: [[Wikipedia:Sony's Playstation 3|Sony's Playstation 3]].<br />
<br />
As of 2011, Hulu Plus has 1.5 million subscribers, making it the fastest video subscription service to reach that number in U.S. history.<br />
In 2012, Hulu added its own original programming, including the Hulu original sitcom, "Battlefield," which premiered in February.<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/17/business/media/hulu-the-online-tv-site-adds-original-programming.html?ref=hulullc</ref><br />
<br />
==Advertising==<br />
[[File: hulu-ad-swap.png|thumb|right|300px|Hulu's Adswap allows users to pick the commercial they want to watch]]<br />
In 2010, Hulu reported that it averaged $0.143 in revenue from ads per episode watched,<ref>http://gigaom.com/video/hulu-defends-ad-split/</ref> and in 2011, Hulu generated the highest number of video ads in the U.S. at 963 million ads viewed<ref>http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2011/8/comScore_Releases_July_2011_U.S._Online_Video_Rankings</ref>. Hulu also began asking users to rate whether or not ads were relevant to them - ads deemed irrelevant would be replaced with different ones.<ref>http://www.dmnews.com/hulu-revamps-ad-pricing-model/article/236837/</ref> Hulu offers a multitude of deals for advertisers to choose from. There are many layouts of different advertisements, as well as different skins that they can choose from for users to view.<br />
<br />
With Hulu advertising, companies can target specific demographics. Hulu offers its viewers choice-based advertisements. This means that users can select which type of advertisement they want to view. For companies that use the choice-based advertisement option, their advertisement may not have as big of a reach but they can be more sure that the people that are seeing their advertisement will have more interest in the product. Hulu also takes pride in their “proprietary ad serving technology.” For viewers, this mean that the advertisements that they will be seeing will be “more relevant, more engaging, and ultimately more effective.” Hulu has shown data that reports that advertising on Hulu is more successful and effective than traditional TV advertising.<br />
These are the various ad formats that advertisers can utilize:<br />
*7-Second Commercial<br />
**This is a quick way to build your brand name and increase awareness of the company.<br />
*15- Or 30-Second Commercial<br />
**Custom Video<br />
*Ad Selector<br />
**Your advertisement would compete with other ads. It will be presented to the user with two or three other options and the user will choose which ad they would like to view. Users will be able to pick which ad to watch based on a thumbnail from the commercial. <br />
*Branded Entertainment Selector (BES)<br />
**Users will watch one long advertisement at the beginning of the shows instead of the regular variety of short ads throughout the show. <br />
*Slate<br />
**A standard logo splash that will be shown to the user before the show begins. <br />
*Premium Slate<br />
**Instead of just a static logo image before the show, it will be a seven-second advertisement that appears before the show starts. <br />
*Action Bar<br />
**This is a standard banner-like advertisement. The user can click on the banner and open up the full advertisement. From there, there might be more clickable options. <br />
<ref>Hulu Advertising https://ignitevisibility.com/advertising-on-hulu/</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
===Hulu Plus===<br />
[[File: huluplusipad.jpeg|thumb|right|350px|Hulu Plus on the iPad]]<br />
Hulu plus is a monthly subscription service that now has over 2 million customers. It launched its beta on June 29th, 2010 and officially launched to the public on November 17, 2010. Contrary to popular belief, Hulu plus still has the same commercials as Hulu, but has a wider library of content for users to view. It has full seasons and more episodes of shows that Hulu does not provide. Hulu Plus also unlocks the Hulu app for [[iOS]] and [[Android]] smart phones and tablets.<br />
<br />
===Hulu Desktop===<br />
Hulu recently introduced a beta version of Hulu Desktop, a free application that provides Hulu content using a PC or Mac remote and does not require the use of a web browser. No account is needed to use Hulu Desktop; it will be equipped with all of the same content from online sources. It is available on Windows, Mac, and Linux PCs. These videos can be viewed in all definitons, up to 1080p. <ref>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2350008,00.asp</ref><br />
<br />
===Hulu Publisher Tools===<br />
Hulu Publisher Tools, designed for bloggers and webmasters, makes it easy to embed Hulu content into articles and blog posts. It also serves as a directory of the most relevant and popular videos on Hulu accessible at any time.<ref>http://www.socaltech.com/hulu_launches_publishing_tool__linux_support/s-0024490.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Availability==<br />
Currently, Hulu is only available in the United States and Japan. However, there are many users who get around this limitation by using proxy servers. <ref>http://www.hulu.com/support/article/171122</ref> Exclusive deals for the digital rights of many U.S. shows would make it difficult for Hulu to go global. However, Kilar has said "We Won't be satisfied until this is a global service". <ref>http://www.digitalspy.com/tech/news/a240992/hulu-puts-uk-launch-back-on-agenda.html</ref> Hulu's latest step in achieving this goal was making a deal with FremantleMedia Enterprises to distribute its original shows outside the U.S. <ref>http://www.fremantlemedia.com/news/news-detail/12-03-12/FremantleMedia_Enterprises_Signs_Global_First_Look_Deal_for_Hulu_Original_Programming.aspx</ref><br />
<br />
===Devices===<br />
The free version of Hulu is only available on a computer or laptop; however, Hulu Plus is supported and available on a multitude of devices. The list includes the Apple iPad, iPhone, Roku, Samsunk TVs and Blu-ray Disc Players, Sony BRAVIA Internet-Enabled Devices, Sony PlayStation 3, VIZIO, Nintendo Wii and Xbox 360. Paying for Hulu Plus allows subscribers to access everything Hulu has to offer on their TV via a home entertainment device or on their mobile devices.<ref name="refsupport">http://www.hulu.com/support/article/197541</ref> However, people without Hulu Plus who wish to watch shows via the free version of Hulu on their TV can also do so by connecting their computers to their TVs with an HDMI cable or other connector.<br />
<br />
==Content==<br />
[[File: hulubattleground.jpeg|thumb|right|340px|Hulu's original series, Battleground, starring Jay Hayden, Terri Reeves, and Jack DeSana]]<br />
Original content has made a major push within video streaming services, such as Hulu and Netflix. Some of the Hulu original series include: <br />
* The Morning After<br />
* A Day in the Life<br />
* Battleground<br />
* The Path<br />
* Quick Draw<br />
* Mother Up!<br />
<br />
==Ethical Implications==<br />
===Hulu Plus===<br />
Many people have access to Hulu Plus without paying for its services. Users are using accounts of family members, within a household, or among a group of friends who subscribe to the service. With a simple login of an email address and password, Hulu Plus is easily shared beyond the account user. The attempt to address this ethical issue is the service's stated license agreement that say that users can only stream to one device at a time, further emphasizing that the service allows for only one stream per account.<ref name ="refsupport"/> This restricts multiple users from streaming at the same time. As of now, there is no way to restrict the sharing of streaming content within the current business model. Multiple users using the same account takes advantage of the Hulu company, because Hulu is paying for double or triple the amount of advertisements that they should be spending. The benefits of Hulu plus includes higher quality in video, and less advertisements. Advertisements would be losing their opportunity to market their products because of the multiplicity of users sharing the same account. Because this is a difficult activity to track, there are no real restrictions that could be placed other than restricting video streaming from two devices at the same time. iTunes has a policy where you are only able to log into five different computers, and although this seems like a similar strategy that could be applied to Hulu, users are much more likely to watch videos from different computers than they would be to purchase songs or apps. This is a similar problem that Netflix has to deal with. Whatever method they choose to solve this problem with, it seems that many users are on Hulu because of the ability to view it on multiple streams easily.<br />
<br />
In addition, Hulu Plus continues to broadcast advertisements in between show content, even though it is a premium paid service. This has caused a lot of customers to be upset about paying for advertisements. Hulu has even fought against ad-blocking software by creating a blank screen during the commercial breaks that lasts for minutes instead of 30 seconds, telling users to disable the software. <ref>http://www.hulu.com/support/article/166627</ref> It begs the question whether or not paying customers should have to sit through these commercials.<br />
<br />
===Hulu Sued Over New Tracking Technology===<br />
Hulu, suspended use of KISSmetrics' analytics service after it emerged late last week that the company was using "ETag" technology to track users even when they delete their cookies. <ref>http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/155032/#axzz2E2mrC8NE</ref> After this incident was reported, two consumers filed lawsuits against Hulu, Joseph Garvey and Stacey Tsan, who argue that the companies' tracking methods violate the federal Video Privacy Protection Act as well as California state laws. It was also seen that Hulu was sharing its users' information with the popular social media music platform, [[Spotify]]. Hulu was reported to have created numerous, alternative, 'shadow' mechanisms for tracking as well.<br />
<br />
===Free 30-Day Trial===<br />
Many users do no like paying for Hulu Plus, but enjoy what it affords. Some users online create a new 30-day trial account when there is something new on Hulu Plus that they want to watch. There are not many blocks that prevent the user from doing this. As long as the user provides a different email each time, they are able to create a new free trial account.<br />
<br />
==Hulu Competitors==<br />
The following is a list of video streaming services that can be considered competitors of Hulu. Even though these companies all go about funding their services to the public in different ways they still provide similar services and can be deemed Hulu's competition for customers. <br />
*[[YouTube]]<br />
*[[Netflix]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Joost|Joost]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Desksite|Desksite]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Tidal TV|Tidal TV]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Mordern Feed|Mordern Feed]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:EPIX|EPIX]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:FreeTube Online TV|FreeTube Online TV]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:OVGuide|OVGuide]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:blinkx|blinkx]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:TVGeroge|TVGeroge]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Revision3|Revision3]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia:Veoh|Veoh]]<br />
<ref>http://venturebeatprofiles.com/company/profile/hulu/competitors</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
* [[Netflix]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
==External Links==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*www.hulu.com<br />
*www.hulu.jp<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Services]]<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Tinder&diff=57432Tinder2016-04-27T00:08:08Z<p>Averyw: /* Integrity */</p>
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<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
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|NAME=Tinder <br />
|LOGO=Tinderlogo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE= Tinderpicture.jpg<br />
|CAPTION= Tinder Application<br />
|IMAGEURL= https://www.gotinder.com<br />
|TEXT=Site<br />
|TYPE=Social networking, Mobile dating application<br />
|PRODUCT=Mobile dating service<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.gotinder.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.gotinder.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=September 12, 2012 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{initial|T}}'''inder''' is a mobile dating application that allows users to meet others based on a profile composed of one or more photos, which are taken from Facebook, and a short biography. Users swipe right if they like the person or left if they do not. A match is made when two users both swipe right on each other. It has largely been known as a "hook-up" application, but due to Tinder’s simplicity, users also use it casually to meet new people and make new friends or potentially find their future partner. There has been some controversy on whether it has caused and/or encouraged a hook-up culture among young adults. There are also safety and ethical issues including scammers, privacy, and integrity. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
[[File:Tinderstatisticsgraph.png|thumb|text-bottom|300 px|Tinder statistics graph]]<br />
Sean Rad, Justin Mateen, and Jonathan Badeen are the founders of Tinder. Sean and Justin both grew up in Los Angeles and knew of each other since they both went to private high school together. However, they did not become close until their freshman year of college in a math class at USC in Fall 2004.<ref>Stampler, Laura.[http://time.com/4837/tinder-meet-the-guys-who-turned-dating-into-an-addiction "Inside Tinder: Meet the Guys Who Turned Dating Into An Addiction."] 6 February 2014. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
In 2009, Sean launched ''Adly'', a celebrity social advertising platform where users create campaigns.<ref>Adly. [http://adly.com "Adly: The Celebrity Social Advertising Platform."] Retrieved on 18 April 2016</ref> He shortly sold the company in Fall 2011 due to a decrease of interest in dealing with celebrities and advertisers. Sean then joined an incubator called [[Wikipedia: Hatch_Labs|Hatch Labs]], funded by IAC and Xtreme Labs (Hatch Labs was later shut down in 2013).<ref>[http://www.hatchlabs.com/hatchlabs/main.php "Hatch Labs."] Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> There Sean met Jonathan Badeen, and the three of them came up with the idea of Tinder. This dating application mimics another application called [[Wikipedia: Hot_or_Not|Hot or Not]], a rating site where users rate the attractiveness of the person in the photograph on a scale of 1-10.<ref>[https://hotornot.com "Hot or Not."] Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> However, now [[Wikipedia: Hot_or_Not|Hot or Not]] has a very similar system to Tinder now, instead of swiping left or right to match with someone [[Wikipedia: Hot_or_Not|Hot or Not]] has an button with a heart on it to match with someone and a button with an "X" on it to deny someone.<br />
<br />
Tinder was seeded on a few college campuses and later spread to more campuses due to the increasing attention it received among college students. The dating application started off with a user base primarily made up of 18-24 years old and has now expanded widely to other age groups, where 45% of users are between 25 – 34 years old.<ref>McHugh, Molly. [http://www.wired.com/2015/05/tinder-users-not-single/ "42 Percent of Tinder Users Aren't Even Single."] 7 May 2015. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> <br />
<br />
Tinder was released on September 12, 2012. As of March 2015, there are 196 countries who use Tinder, roughly 50 million users, and 26 million matches made daily.<ref>Smith, Graig.[http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/tinder-statistics/ "By the Numbers: 37 Impressive Tinder Statistics."] 21 February 2016. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
==How Tinder Works==<br />
[[File:Tinder-app.jpg|thumb|text-bottom|300 px|Notification when a user gets a match]]<br />
[[File:Tinder settings thumb.jpg|thumb|text-bottom|300 px|Settings based on users' preferences]]<br />
<br />
Tinder is a free dating service application available for download on [[Wikipedia: Android_(operating_system)|Android]] and [[Wikipedia: IOS|iOS]]. When Tinder was launched, it was especially popular on college campuses, where students use the dating service for many possible reasons: meeting new friends, hooking-up, and finding significant others. Tinder has since become popular in markets beyond college students and has inspired a host of other Tinder-like apps.<br />
<br />
In order to use Tinder, the application first asks for the user’s permission to access the user's Facebook profile to retrieve simple information such as the user’s name, age, photos, and interests. The application also uses Facebook to access the user’s mutual friends, likes and interests and matches the user with friends of mutual friends. This information is then used to create the user’s Tinder profile. <br />
<br />
The user can then adjust the settings for their preference of gender, the user's age group, and how far the user is willing to travel to meet other Tinder users.<br />
<br />
During the main phase of the app, the user browses through pictures of people who have a short biography tagged with them. If the user likes the person that they see on the screen, they can swipe right or tap the green heart icon. If not, they can swipe left or tap the red cross icon. If both users swipe right on each others' profiles, the two users are notified that a match has been made and they can begin messaging each other.<ref>Brewis, Marie. [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/feature/internet/what-is-tinder-faq-3515013/ "What is Tinder: How does Tinder work?"] 13 February 2015. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
==Controversies==<br />
Due to the widespread usage of Tinder, the dating service application has received mixed reviews. <br />
<br />
On August 2015, [[Wikipedia:Vanity_Fair_(magazine)|Vanity Fair]] released an article called “Tinder and the Dawn of the ‘Dating Apocalypse’”, which blames Tinder and other dating applications for the upbringing of the hook-up culture. The article argues that due to the large selection of men and women on the site, people are forgetting the meaning of real relationships and instead are valuing each other as sexual objects. Women are getting their hearts broken while men are enjoying the freedom of ‘no strings attached’. One guy Vanity Fair interviewed said, “you could talk to two or three girls at a bar and pick the best one, or you can swipe a couple hundred people a day – the sample size is much larger…two or three Tinder dates a week can rack up 100 girls you’ve slept within a year”.<ref>Jo Sales, Nancy. [http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/08/tinder-hook-up-culture-end-of-dating "Tinder and the Dawn of the "Dating Apocalypse.""] August 2015. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> <br />
<br />
Tinder fired back on Twitter stating that they are unfairly portrayed, arguing that those looking to hook-up make up a small population of Tinder and are not representative of the whole user base. Tinder further states that “they create experiences and connections that otherwise never would have been made” and that their site brings more users together for serious relationships and marriages.<ref>Hunt, Elle. [http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/aug/12/the-tinder-generation-is-real-app-has-online-meltdown-over-vanity-fair-article "The Tinder Generation is real."] 12 August 2015. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
Mel Robbins, a CNN commentator, believes that online dating applications such as Tinder have not fundamentally changed human behavior. She states that casual sex has always been prevalent in our culture, and “these apps just make it available to the masses”.<ref> Robbins, Mel.[http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/18/opinions/robbins-tinder-online-dating/ "Has Tinder Replaced Dating with Hookup Culture?"] 18 August 2015. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> Men and women often have different views on relationships, so communication should be established from the start. Men are found to use Tinder for easy hook-ups due to the wide accessibility to women. Women who expect that casual hook-ups will turn into intimate relationships complain that it is hard to find a great guy who will commit easily on sites like Tinder.<br />
<br />
Additionally, Tinder has received some negative feedback due to its lack of inclusivity for different genders and sexual orientations. When setting up a Tinder profile, one must select their gender as male or female, and must select either looking for women, looking for men, or looking for women and men. Yet, many women report that even if they are "interested in women," their feed will still include many male profiles. Others report that they are often notified that there are no more users in their area. Tinder is designed to focus on the needs of straight individuals, and as a result, is often critiqued for perpetuating heteronormative culture. <ref>Mosthof, Mariella. [http://www.autostraddle.com/everybody-fucking-hates-tinder-and-we-are-all-going-to-die-alone-224856/ "Which Dating App is the Most Queer-Friendly?"] 4 March 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
==Scam Bots==<br />
With all Social media based applications now and days it is only a matter of time before fake profiles/accounts start to populate the platform. It has already happened to Tinder and scammers have created thousands of fake profiles. The "Scam Bots" goal is to con users out of money or bait them into downloading malware. The Scam Bots typically respond within microseconds of matching with them and keep their responses very generic. They do not delve into deep conversation they hope that the fake photos on the profile are appealing enough to convince users to overlook the validity of the profile. The bots will generally ask you to follow a link to chat with them on a different platform, which is the central way they get people. <ref>O'Donnell, Andy. [http://netsecurity.about.com/od/securityadvisorie1/fl/Could-Your-Tinder-Match-be-a-Scam-Bot.htm "Could your Tinder Match Be a Scam Bot?"] 20 March 2016. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref>The bots typically claim that the link is a way for you to have a more sexual video chat with them. If the user does not respond to the bot or do what the bot asks, the bot will un-match you.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Implications==<br />
<br />
===Integrity===<br />
Since Tinder users are rated based on their personal appearance, pictures that they put up on their dating profile may not be exact representations of who they are in real life. [[Wikipedia: Daily_Mail|DailyMail.com]] posted an article of Tinder users’ pictures to show the high contrast of people’s appearances online vs. offline.<ref> Brannen, Aimee. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-3414480/Tinder-vs-reality-Singletons-social-media-share-photos-revealing-usually-look-like-compared-glamorous-dating-profile-pictures.html "Tinder vs. Reality."] 25 January 2016. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> These unrealistic pictures create unattainable expectations for other users. In addition, hackers and malicious users with [[Wikipedia: Cyberstalking|cyber-stalking]] intentions can create a fake Facebook profile with pictures of someone else and pose as them on Tinder. With the lack of integrity, users who meet up with others on Tinder could end up in potential danger.<br />
<br />
===Privacy=== <br />
With GPS-enabled tracking location, there is a high possibility for dating applications like Tinder to have privacy breaches. In July 2013, [[Wikipedia: Quartz_(publication)|Quartz]] found that Tinder revealed users’ exact longitude and latitude and Facebook ID. Tinder did not fix the issue until 2 weeks later<ref>Seward, Zachary.[http://qz.com/107739/tinders-privacy-breach-lasted-much-longer-than-the-company-claimed/ "Tinder's Privacy Breach Lasted Much Longer than the Company Claimed."] 24 July 2013. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> and users were not even notified of the breach. In November 2013, Quartz found another privacy hole in Tinder where the API design is flawed so that a user can fool Tinder into thinking a match has been created when it has not been, allowing the user to find another user’s email address.<ref>Seward, Zachary. [http://qz.com/150839/dating-app-tinder-is-still-exposing-personal-information/ "Dating App Tinder is Still Exposing Personal Information."] 25 November 2013. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
Furthermore, mobile applications collect very sensitive information compared to web-based dating services. Security measures on apps such as Tinder are therefore more robust. Even when Tinder does not show the actual location of the user but rather the distance of other users, malicious users can find the packets to recover users' actual locations.<ref>Patsakis, Constantinos, Zigomitros, Athanasios, and Solanas, Agusti. [http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-25744-0_13 "Analysis of Privacy and Security Exposure in Mobile Dating Applications."] 25 November 2015. Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref> Internet researchers stated that Tinder users give such detailed information, including “mileage to 15 decimal places that would allow any hacker with rudimentary skills to pinpoint a user’s location to within 100 feet”.<ref>Summers, Nick. [http://www.bloomberg.com/bw/articles/2014-02-19/new-tinder-security-flaw-exposed-users-exact-locations-for-months "New Tinder Security Flaw Exposed Users' Exact Locations for Months."]20 February 2014. Retrieved on 18 April 2016</ref> The privacy holes that plague Tinder consequently bring up the moral ethics of mobile dating applications. As much as Tinder promises to protect the information of its users, the use of Facebook tokens creates a big privacy risk to users.<ref>Choo, Kimg-Kwang, Farnden, Jody, and Martini, Ben. [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.02906v1.pdf "Privacy Risks in Mobile Dating Apps."] Retrieved on 18 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
===Scammers===<br />
Scammers find their way onto every platform, but it people seem to get caught up in the beauty of the fake profile picture and they choose to believe it is not a scammer or bot. The reality is when it is too good to be true it usually is and it is best to recognize that you are the victim of a scam bot. Scammers are ruthless and they will take their tactics anywhere, especially where people are most vulnerable. That is exactly why Tinder is such a good spot for scammers because they play off peoples longing for another individual to connect with. They take advantage of the side of people that is looking love, sex, a hookup, a new friend or whatever so they can possibly steal information or money. It is fairly obvious that scammers do not put much thought into ethics and generally don't have any morals. With that being said, users are the ones who have to be on the look out because scammers will always be out their and it is important to be aware and informed.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Mobile Application]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Netflix&diff=57425Netflix2016-04-26T23:47:18Z<p>Averyw: /* Binge Watching */</p>
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<div>{{Nav-Bar|Topics#A}}<br><br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
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|TEXT=Site<br />
|PLATFORM= Online Streaming <br />
|PRODUCT=Movie Rental Service<br>Flat-fee subscription<br>DVD and Blu-ray disc Rentals<br>Direct TV streaming<br />
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|LAUNCH=August 29, 1997<br />
}}<br />
'''Netflix, Inc.''' is an American online movie rental and video streaming service that offers a flat-fee subscription plan for DVD and Blu-ray disc rentals, as well as online streaming. Netflix was founded on August 29, 1997 in Scotts Valley, California by [[Wikipedia: Reed Hastings|Reed Hastings]] and Marc Randolph.<ref name="ref1">Netflix: [https://signup.netflix.com/MediaCenter?id=5380/ Company Overview]</ref><ref name="ref2">BookRenter Adds Netflix Co-Founder Marc Randolph To Its Board Of Directors, Robin Wauters, 7 May 2010 [http://techcrunch.com/2010/05/07/marc-randolph-bookrenter/ techcrunch.com]</ref>The Netflix business model is built on flat-fee unlimited rentals without due dates, late fees, shipping and handling fees, or per title rental fees. As of April 2016, Netflix reported over 81 millions streaming members worldwide, including more than 46 million users in the United States. <ref name="Total Users">[http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/NFLX/1915968503x0x886428/5FB5A3DF-F23A-4BB1-AC37-583BAEF2A1EE/Q116LettertoShareholders_W_TABLES_.pdf]</ref> Ethical issues such as monopolization, the influence of recommendations, sharing and piracy are several concerns involving this movie rental company. <br />
== History ==<br />
Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph had previously worked together at Pure Software, a company that provided Purify, a debugging tool for Unix/C engineers. Hastings conceptualized Netflix after being charged a late fee when returning a DVD after its due date. <br />
<br />
After the business model was established the company opened for business on April 14th, 1998. Netflix started with a catalog of 925 DVDs for rent which was almost the full collection of DVD's in existence at the time. They originally offered a seven-day rental service for four dollars in addition to the shipping cost which was two dollars at the time, the cost would go down once additional DVDs were ordered.<ref name = "Netflix History">[http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/netflix-inc-history/ Netflix History]</ref> After enjoying considerable success, Netflix expanded to 2,300 titles with a total inventory of 250,000 discs. Its staff triple from 30 in 1998 to 110 in 1999. CEO, Reed Hastings, also offered a new monthly subscription plan, allowing subscribers to pre-select four DVD's to receive each month with no late fees. In May 2000, Netflix decided to become a public company, offering the site at a price of $86.2 million, but they withdrew after lack of public interest because of their low profits. In 2002, Netflix reached a subscription population of 500,000 customers, and grew to one million by February 2003. In an effort to stay at the head of the online mail-order DVD business, Netflix opened over one dozen new distribution centers in 2003 to accomodate overnight shipping to customers.<ref name = "Netflix History"></ref><br />
<br />
In July 2011, Netflix announced a new pricing model which split online streaming and DVD rental into two separate categories. Previously, unlimited streaming and DVD rental was offered as a packaged deal for $9.99 per month. The new model prices unlimited online streaming at $7.99 per month and unlimited one-at-a-time DVD rental at $7.99 per month. Subscribers who wished to maintain both streaming and DVD rentals would have to pay $15.98 per month<ref>Netflix Announces Price Hike, New Subscription Plans, Catharine Smith, 12 July 2011 [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/12/netflix-price-subscription-plan_n_895779.html huffingtonpost.com]</ref>, which would be a 60% price increase.<br />
<br />
[[File:NFLX.png|200px|thumb|left|Chart of Netflix's (NFLX) stock prices from January 2011 to October 2011 <ref>Netflix stock sinks 35% as subscribers flee Julianne Pepitone, Jessica Dickler, 25 October 2011[http://money.cnn.com/2011/10/25/technology/netflix_stock/index.htm money.cnn.com]</ref> ]] <br />
The new price model was a result of Netflix attempting to put their DVD rental services under the name Qwikster. This required customers to access a different website with a different account and password in order to rent DVDs. Qwikster would offer a new feature, the ability to rent video games, which was previously not available from Netflix. However, due to negative feedback from customers, Netflix CEO Reed Hastings announced that the DVD-by-mail service would remain a part of Netflix, rather than becoming a separate entity.<ref name="ref2">http://www.engadget.com/2011/09/19/netflix-spins-dvd-by-mail-service-off-into-qwikster-says-its/</ref><br />
<br />
While the Qwikster plan fell through, Netflix still maintained the new pricing model. Between July and October 2011, Netflix lost around 800,000 subscribers, and Netflix stock dropped nearly 50%. <ref name = DROP>Netflix Loses Subscribers, Suffers Stock Market Drop Following Changes to Solid Business Plan, Tommy Alexander, 2 November 2011 [http://thebottomline.as.ucsb.edu/2011/11/netflix-loses-subscribers-suffers-stock-market-drop-following-changes-to-solid-business-plan thebottomline.as.ucsb.edu]</ref> Hastings responded to the drop stating, "We didn’t give it enough thought. We didn’t give it enough explanation, enough integration, and you know, that’s legitimately caused our customers to be angry.”<ref name = DROP/><br />
<br />
In March 2011 Netflix began acquiring the first of their sites own original content. Netflix’s first acquisition was David Fincher and Kevin Spacey’s hit political drama “House of Cards”, to which the site agreed to produce 26 episodes of.<ref>Andreeva, N. (2011). “It's Official: Netflix Picks Up David Fincher- Kevin Spacey Series 'House Of Cards'”. Deadline. http://deadline.com/2011/03/its-official-netflix-picks-up-david-fincher-kevin-spacey-series-house-of-cards-115257/</ref> As part of the acquisition deal, House of Cards was the first programming that would be streamed exclusively on Netflix. Later in 2011 the streaming site also acquired other programs including Lilyhammer, Arrested Development, and Hermlock Grove.<ref> Andreeva, N. (2011). “Netflix Picks Up New Episodes Of 'Arrested Development'<br />
”. Deadline. http://deadline.com/2011/11/netflix-picks-up-new-episodes-of-arrested-development-196944/</ref><ref> Adler, Tim (2011). "Update: Miramax's Mike Lang and Netflix's Ted Sarandos Talk Shop; Netflix Adds 'Lilyhammer' To TV Lineup". Deadline. http://deadline.com/2011/10/netflix-adds-lilyhammer-to-tv-line-up-178702/</ref><ref> Tartaglione, N. (2012). "Famke Janssen, Bill Skarsgard Cast In Eli Roth's 'Hemlock Grove'; Netflix To Air Gaumont-Produced Series In Early 2013". Deadline. https://web.archive.org/web/20140307225858/http://www.deadline.com/2012/03/famke-janssen-bill-skarsgard-join-eli-roths-hemlock-grove-netflix-to-air-gaumont-produced-series-in-early-2013/</ref><br />
<br />
In July 2013 Netflix debuted their hit show “Orange is the New Black”, a drama set in an all females prison.<ref> Goldberg, L. (2013). "Netflix Sets Premiere Date for Jenji Kohan's 'Orange Is the New Black'". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/netflix-orange-new-black-premiere-date-jenji-kohan-448610</ref> The show has since become Netflix’s most watched original series and has received multiple Emmy nominations and wins. Orange is the New Black’s success has cause Netflix to renew the show for up to seven seasons as of February 2016. In October 2016 Netflix released the sites first original feature film “Beast of No Nation”.<ref> Fleming, M. (2015). “Netflix Dates First Feature Film Slate With Idris Elba, Cary Fukunaga, Adam Sandler, Harvey Weinstein, Paul Reubens & Judd Apatow”. Deadline. http://deadline.com/2015/07/netflix-feature-films-paul-reubens-adam-sandler-judd-apatow-idris-elba-pee-wee-herman-1201471559/ </ref> Since the steaming site began acquiring and producing its own content in 2011, Netflix has garnered multiple Emmy trophies, been nominated for an Academy Award, and received millions of views.<br />
<br />
== Service Plans ==<br />
[[File:lifestyle_1600_mock.jpg|200px|right|thumb]]<br />
Netflix currently offers two different plans. Their cheapest subscription plan costs $7.99/month and allows the user to stream Netflix shows or movies on two screens at a time in HD. For an extra four dollars a month, users can stream shows or movies on four different screens at once. In this plan, both HD and Ultra HD quality are available to the subscriber.<br />
=== Online Streaming ===<br />
Netflix has a "Watch Instantly" feature that allows thousands of movies and TV shows to be instantly streamed to your TV via a PS3, Wii, Xbox 360, or any device that allows streaming. Basic membership only allows two users to stream on the Netflix account at a time, but for a more premium membership, users can pay to allow for more people to stream from the same account simultaneously. Films can be paused and restarted at will. Netflix's content library is encoded into three bandwidth levels. The lowest tier requires a continuous downstream bandwidth of 1.5 Mbit/s, with stereo audio and video quality comparable to that of a DVD. The second tier requires 3 Mbit/s and offers "better than DVD quality." The highest tier requires 5Mbit/s and offers 720p HD with surround sound audio. .<ref name = "ref19">Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netflix Netflix]</ref> <br />
<br />
====IT Infrastructure====<br />
[[File:amazonWS.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|AmazonWebServices supports Netflix Online Streaming]]<br />
In 2010, Netflix data centers began to struggle with supporting the demand for online streaming, so they migrated to Amazon EC2. Over 1 petabyte (10^9 bytes or 1,000,000 gigabytes) of data is stored on Amazon S3. This data is highly replicated across the country geographically through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_delivery_network content delivery networks] to provide quality streaming even with slow internet connections.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idu9OKnAOis Oscon Data]</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Netflix-rates-increase.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Netflix DVD rental envelopes]]<br />
<br />
=== DVD Rental ===<br />
For an additional monthly fee, Netflix users can add the "1 DVD out-at-a-time" plan to their subscription. Once subscribed, the user can create a list of desired movies or programs. Netflix mails the first 1-3 titles on the list, depending on the service desired, and as the client returns the movies in a prepaid envelope, subsequent titles are mailed in order. Customers with a good return record can upgrade plans to up to 8 discs at a time. Blu-ray discs are also available for an additional cost. In an attempt to help studios sell more physical media at retail outlets, Netflix reached an agreement with Warner Brothers Pictures, Universal Studios, and Twentieth Century Fox to delay renting new releases for 28 days from their retail release.<ref name = "ref4">Netflix deal with Warner Bros. includes delay in queues, 26 January 2012 [http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2012/01/warner-bros-netflix-deal-includes-delay-in-queues.html latimesblogs.latimes.com]</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Free Trial and Cancellation ===<br />
New clients of Netflix may qualify for a free month of Netflix streaming by providing a valid email and credit card number that has not previously been attached to a Netflix account. If the subscription is canceled within the month, no charges will be incurred. However, if membership is not removed within one month, the monthly fee will be charged. Subscriptions can be canceled at any time online with no termination fee. There are no refunds or credits for partial months.<br />
<br />
== "Netflix Prize" ==<br />
[[File:bigcheck.jpg|200px|right|thumb|BellKor's Prgmatic Chaos, the grand prize winner of the Netflix Prize]]<br />
The Netflix Prize was launched in 2006 as an open competition to substantially improve the accuracy of user ratings for films. The competition was open to anyone not affiliated with Netflix (current and former employees, agents, close relatives of Netflix employees, etc.) or a resident of Cuba, Iran, Syria, North Korea, Myanmar, or Sudan. Prizes were based on improvement over Cinematch, Netflix's own algorithm. If no team won the grand prize, a progress prize of $50,000 was awarded each year to the team with the best result thus far, given that the algorithm improved the root mean squared error (RMSE) on the quiz set by at least 1% over the previous progress prize winner. A team could attempt as many submissions as they wished. Submissions could be made once a day where the team's best submission so far counted as their current submission. If a team managed to improve the RMSE more than 10%, the jury would allow all teams 30 days to send in their last submissions. Then, the team with the best submission was asked for their algorithm description, source code, and non-exclusive license. And finally, after a successful verification, a grand prize winner is chosen. On September 21, 2009, the grand prize of $1,000,000 was rewarded to BellKor's Pragmatic Chaos team which beat Netflix's own algorithm for predicting ratings by 10.06%.<ref name = "ref7"> netflixprize.com [http://www.netflixprize.com/ Netflix Prizes]</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
===Monopolization===<br />
In 2006 Netflix patented the "mail me" video rental system, completely shutting out previous home rental giants like Blockbuster from any business. Netflix revolutionized the way movies and TV shows are watched through their streaming and mailing services, but the patent system was created in order to encourage innovation, not necessarily to put other companies out of business. Blockbuster filed for bankruptcy on September 23, 2010, and was eventually bought out by Dish Network. Without any competitors Netflix could very well set their current $15 a month service price higher and higher as they corner the market. <ref>[http://news.cnet.com/8301-13506_3-9736568-17.html CNET: Netflix the Next Monopoly]</ref><br />
<br />
===Recommendation Algorithm===<br />
Netflix uses hybrid [[Recommender Systems]] to suggest and display movies to its users. This system is based on user ratings, user-to-user similarities in ratings, as well as a learning algorithm that learns patterns in user history in order to recommend in an accurate and optimal manner. <ref>Simons Journal, 11 December 2006 [http://sifter.org/~simon/journal/20061211.html sifter.org]</ref> Use of a recommender system that is not singularly based on ratings is ethically concerning not only because of data collection as a privacy risk but also because users of Netflix may choose to watch movies with friends and then receive recommendations based on personal preferences users do not wish to share publicly. The current recommender system also faces the ethical issue of allowing other users of the Netflix account to influence the recommendations displayed for the owner of the account. Part of the issue with Netflix recommendations is that they give too much weighting to genres and not to the different aspects found in found. While undoubtedly, Netflix's rating system could be vastly improved by allowing their members to rate numerous categories on each film instead of just a one to five star rating. Another issue with the recommender system is that they're system may be tied to an algorithm that looks at ratings instead of inventory. Many times, Netflix suggests movies that users are no interested in, even though users mark such movies with zero ratings. Seeing that his happen, the ethical issue is that Netflix may be promoting their own films in lieu of better recommendations that might be more appropriate for the users' movie taste.<br />
<br />
===Pairing with Facebook ===<br />
[[File:faceflix-200x133.jpg|200px|left|thumb]]<br />
In 2011, Netflix integrated its video streaming service with [[Facebook]] in 44 countries. This new pairing allows users to watch videos on either site and to see what people on their friends lists are viewing. The 1988 Video Privacy Protection Act came about after a D.C. area video store gave a Washington City Paper reporter the rental records of U.S. District Judge Robert Bork., causing his nomination to the Supreme Court being rejected by the Senate. It prohibits the disclosure of video sales or rental records.<ref name = "ref9">Netflix pairs with Facebook, except in U.S., Cecilia Kang, 22 September 2011 [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-tech/post/netflix-pairs-with-facebook-except-in-us/2011/09/22/gIQAHKQFpK_blog.html washingtonpost.com]</ref> Michael Drobac, the government affairs director of Netflix, urged users to write in support of an amendment that would allow Netflix to get user information and share it through the Internet. Later that year, the House of Representatives passed HR 2471, a bill that amends VPPA.<ref name = "ref9"/> Consumers now have the choice to decide whether or not Netflix can access and share their rental history.<ref name = "ref8">Netflix On Facebook App Closer To Reality In US, Chris Atkinson , 2011 [http://www.reelseo.com/netflix-on-facebook-app/ reelseo.com]</ref> On November 29, 2012 the Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously voted to pass an amendment that would force law enforcement to attain a warrant in order to read emails, Facebook messages, and other electronic communications. The next step in the legislative process will bring HR 2471 to a vote in the senate. If passed, [[Facebook]] users will be able to automatically share the movies they have watched on Netflix to their Facebook newsfeeds once they install the Netflix app.<ref> mashable.com [http://mashable.com/2012/11/30/netflix-video-privacy-protection-act/ Netflix Privacy Protection Act] </ref><br />
<br />
===Sharing===<br />
[[File:netflixconcurrent.jpg|400px|right|thumb]]<br />
Previously, many people gained access to Netflix without paying for its services. Multiple users accessed accounts of family members or friends, where one person subscribed to the service and others "piggybacked" on the account. With a simple login email address and password, Netflix was easily shared beyond the account subscriber. Experiencing the trend of shared accounts, Netflix implemented a strict limit on the number of concurrent streams on different devices in 2011. Unless users subscribed to more expensive premium accounts, they were now unable to stream Netflix concurrently on more than two different devices. <ref>Updated: Netflix Cracks Down on Sharing: One Stream Per Customer Unless You Pay More, Phillip Dampier, 5 September 2012[http://stopthecap.com/2011/09/05/netflix-cracks-down-on-sharing-one-stream-per-customer-unless-you-pay-more/ stopthecap.com]</ref> Although trying to combat "piggybacking", this does not restrict the number of devices that can be used overall, only concurrently. Many accounts are still shared with multiple family members and friends even though they themselves did not pay for the service.<br />
<br />
==="Throttling"===<br />
Another issue within the Netflix community is called "throttling". Throttling is basically restricting, or altering service to paying customers based on their rental patterns. Customers who rent a high volume of movies often are put in the back of the waiting line for popular DVDs and also receive movies out of the order that they requested. This is strictly associated with the overall activity of each individual customer. Netflix itself admitted "In determining priority for shipping and inventory allocation, we give priority to those members who receive the fewest DVDs through our service..." In the same statement released by Netflix, the company specifically states that "heavy renters" will probably be more likely to experience delays in shipping and may not receive their top choices for movies. <ref> web.archive.org http://web.archive.org/web/20060215072830/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D8FMEGTO0.htm</ref><br />
<br />
===Piracy===<br />
There are also ethical implications with Netflix regarding piracy (see [[Digital Piracy]]), as people have the opportunity to illegally copy rented DVDs from Netflix and make pirated free copies of movies. This violates copyright and trademark laws, and opens the question of whether Netflix or its users are responsible for this piracy. Another concern with piracy and Netflix is that it is nearly impossible to trace who pirated which DVDs on Netflix, since the DVDs are re-used by different users.<br />
<br />
===Netflix Customer Problems===<br />
<br />
Netflix failed to clearly communicate the significance of their price increase to its members. As members realized the increase was as high as 60%, they became quite upset.<ref>"Netflix Customer Problems – A Public Relations Nightmare!" [http://thethrivingsmallbusiness.com/articles/netflix-customer-problems-a-public-relations-nightmare// thethrivingsmallbusiness.com]</ref> Netflix did not provide an adequate warning to their customers explicitly stating their rates would increase. This created a "public relations" disaster for Netflix as they were left with disgruntled customers threatening to cancel their memberships. Approximately one million users cancelled their subscription as a direct result of this price change. <ref>NY Times article on angry Netflix customers [http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/business/media/customers-aggrieved-over-revamped-pricing-are-deserting-netflix.html http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/business/media/customers-aggrieved-over-revamped-pricing-are-deserting-netflix.html]</ref><br />
<br />
===Binge Watching===<br />
<br />
Netflix encourages a culture of binge watching. Binge watching is when viewers watch an entire series or hours of television in a short period of time. The easy access and the way Netflix's online streaming is set up encourages users to binge watch shows. This has impacted our society in many ways. Binge watching is incredibly popular among college age students. Some negative affects are lack of sleep, lower grades, and declining social life. Studies have also found that sitting for long periods of time increases the risks of certain health issues like diabetes, heart disease, and even cancer. It is also easy to become addicted to the show one is watching on Netflix.<br />
<br />
===Video Quality===<br />
<br />
Users have the option to choose either Basic, Standard or Premium packages. Only the premium packages offers Ultra HD video quality. The other packages have HD on some videos. There has been a clear change in the video streaming quality on Netflix. Often times much lower than the quality of a standard television. <ref>https://www.netflix.com/getstarted?locale=en-US&action=startAction</ref> Some attribute this issue to the large number of users that the site has at once. Others believe that it is to pigeon hole users into paying for the premium package to receive higher quality services.<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
* [[Amazon.com]]<br />
* [[Hulu]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
*[http://www.netflix.com/ Netflix's Website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<ref>"Netflix spins DVD-by-mail service off into Qwikster, says it's 'done' with price changes", Richard Lawler, 19 September 2011 [http://www.engadget.com/2011/09/19/netflix-spins-dvd-by-mail-service-off-into-qwikster-says-its/ engadget.com]</ref><br />
<ref>"New book reminds us why we loved Netflix", Greg Sandoval, 11 October 2012 [http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57530609-93/new-book-reminds-us-why-we-loved-netflix/ news.cnet.com]</ref><br />
<ref>"DVDs will be staying at netflix.com", Reed, 10 October 2011[http://blog.netflix.com/2011/10/dvds-will-be-staying-at-netflixcom.html blog.netflix.com]</ref><br />
<ref>"Why There Won't Be a Netflix Prize Sequel", Jessica Leber, 13 August 2012 [http://www.technologyreview.com/view/428867/why-there-wont-be-a-netflix-prize-sequel/ technologyreview.com]</ref><br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Services]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
[[Category: Websites]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Prezi&diff=57424Prezi2016-04-26T23:42:48Z<p>Averyw: /* History */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=510<br />
|NAME=Prezi<br />
|LOGO=Prezilogo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Prezilo.png<br />
|CAPTION=''"Free Falling Through Prezi"''<br />
|IMAGEURL=http://prezi.com/d3lswto1mebc/free-falling-through-prezi/<br />
|TEXT=a prezi demo<br />
|PLATFORM=Cloud Service<br>iOS App<br>Windows<br />
|PRODUCT=Prezi Meeting<br>Prezi Viewer for the Ipad<br>Prezi Desktop<br />
|TYPE=Cloud Based Presentation Tool<br />
|SITEURL=http://prezi.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.prezi.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=2009<br />
}}<br />
'''Prezi''' is a cloud-based presentation tool that employs [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooming_User_Interface zooming user interface] (ZUI). It enables users to create presentations with non-linear navigation tools. Known as an interactive whiteboard, users can zoom in and out in their presentations using Prezi's ZUI 2.5D space. Different from Microsoft’s traditional [[Wikipedia:Powerpoint|PowerPoint]] slides, Prezi provides a single virtual canvas where the user has great freedom. Users may click anywhere to add texts, shapes, photos, and multimedia. To create navigation, the user selects the path tool and clicks the objects in the order he or she wants them to appear. Prezi was founded in 2009 by co-founders [[Wikipedia:Adam_Somlai-Fischer|Adam Somlai-Fischer]], [[Wikipedia:Peter_Halacsy|Peter Halacsy]] and [[Wikipedia:Peter_Arvai|Peter Arvai]], with offices today in Budapest and San Fransisco. Due to the cloud based nature of the software, ethical implications such as security issues arise for users. <br><br><br />
__TOC__<br />
==History==<br />
Adam Somlai-Fischer, Prezi co-founder and “internationally renowned architect and visual artist” has been working with ZUIs since 2001.<ref name="About">Prezi. [http://prezi.com/about/ "Prezi About."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> Before developing Prezi, Somali-Fischer hand coded individual zooming presentations. He found that using a zoomable interface allowed him to visually present the “big picture” while also providing the tool to zoom into the details. Somlai-Fischer envisioned a publicly-available zooming presentation editor that did not need to be individually coded by hand. In 2007, his professor of New Media at the [[Wikipedia:Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics|Budapest University of Technology and Economics]], Peter Halacsy, convinced Somlai-Fischer to develop such software so that the public could make these zooming presentations. With the help of the third founder and CEO, Peter Arvai, the product was created and Prezi was launched from Budapest in April 2009.<ref name="About"></ref> Prezi established their U.S office (San Francisco, CA) in November 2009. Prezi users have now created over 160 million projects on Prezi. It has also surpassed one billion views and 60 million customers.<br />
<br />
==Visual Effects==<br />
*'''Zooming and Rotating''' This allows presentations to use the zoom feature and the rotating feature at the same time. <br />
*'''Spiraling''' The ability to move on a smooth circular motion from one scene to the next<br />
*'''Videos''' Users can imbed videos in their presentation that have an autoplay feature so that the presenter does not have to press play manually.<br />
*'''Fading''' Users can make their presentation fade in and out when moving from one area to the next.<br />
<br />
==Licenses==<br />
Prezi bases it licenses on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freemium freemium] model. [[File:preziphoto.jpg|400px|thumb|right|A prezi featuring a 3-D background]]<br />
===Public=== <br />
*Free <br />
*Includes basic features<br />
*100 MB of storage space<br />
*All prezis are public <ref>Prezi. [http://prezi.com/pricing/ "Pricing."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
===Enjoy===<br />
*Free 30 day trial<br />
*After trial, $59 billed annually<br />
*Includes basic features<br />
*500 MB of storage space<br />
*Prezis can be set to private<br />
*Can upload your own logo in place of Prezi’s<br />
*Premium Support service within 24 hours of your problem<br />
*Team collaboration on a presentation<br />
<br />
===EDU Enjoy===<br />
*'''Students''' and '''teachers''' who sign up with their '''.edu email''' receive a free version of the '''''Enjoy license'''''.<br />
<br />
===Pro===<br />
*Free 30 day trial<br />
*After trial, $159 is billed annually<br />
*Includes all the “Enjoy” license features, but also includes “Prezi Desktop” which allows you to edit prezis offline<br />
<br />
==Products==<br />
[[File:prezidesktop-pc-mac.png|500px|left|Prezi Desktop Display on a PC]]<br />
The current prezi product lineup consists of four applications. Each is designed to make access and use of the product convenient while providing unique yet interrelated features. <br />
<br />
*'''Prezi Desktop''' A downloadable offline editor which requires installing Adobe AIR. Once downloaded and installed, the user can create and edit their prezis without an internet connection. <br />
*'''Prezi Meeting''' An app that allows up to 10 people to create, edit, and view a Prezi at the same time. Avatars are used to show where each person is working. <br />
*'''Prezi for the iPad''' A free app for viewing, revising, and presenting prezis. After a prezi is downloaded once, the user will not need internet connection to work on it regardless of your license.<br />
*'''Prezi for the iPhone''' A free app for viewing or showing prezis-- all of which are synced to the company's cloud which allows users to access the most recent version of their presentation. The app also allows users to access recent prezis offline. <br />
==Uses==<br />
Prezi is used by variety of people to accomplish different tasks. All are centered on the strength of visual media in representation ideas and information.<br />
*'''Presentation''' - Commonly used for business and educational presentations. Prezi is also increasingly being used for TED talks as it offers engaging non-linear effects useful for a presenter who wishes to zoom in or out of details. Prezi additionally allows for a continuous linear format which can be appealing for story tellers wishing to visually show a journey. <ref name ="Prezi in Ted">Reynolds, Garr. [http://www.presentationzen.com/presentationzen/2010/09/this-new-ted-talk-by-ted-curator-chris-anderson-is-one-of-my-favorites-chris-used-technology-prezi-with-embedded-video-bu.html "The power of online video (and presentation) to change the world."] 16 September 2010. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> Some famous speakers who have used Prezi for their TED talks include: <br />
::Chris Anderson<br />
::Salman Khan<ref>Schultink, Jan.[http://blog.ideatransplant.com/2011/03/khan-academy-prezi-in-action-at-ted.html "Salman Khan's Use of Prezi in Ted Talks."] 10 March 2011. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
::James Geary<ref>Reynolds, Garr.[http://presentationtransformations.com/2011/04/07/presentation-best-practices-prezi-vs-powerpoint/ "James Geary's Use of Prezi in Ted Talks."] 7 April 2011. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
::Peter Arvai<ref>[http://edu.prezi.com/videos/category?cat=303 Peter Arvai's Use of Prezi in Ted Talks]</ref><br />
*'''Resumes (prezumes)''' - Prezi presents one way for job applicants to present a dynamic resume to prospective employers. <ref Meinke, Billy.[http://billymeinke.wordpress.com/2012/01/22/6-tips-for-making-a-visual-resume-with-prezi-and-some-things-to-avoid/ "6 Tips for Making a Visual Resume with Prezi (and some things to avoid!)"] 22 January 2012. Retrieved on 16 April 2016. </ref><ref>DeVries, Derek.[http://devriesblog.com/2010/07/15/presume-creating-a-resume-using-prezi/ "Presume Creating a Resume on Prezi."] 15 July 2010. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
*'''Mind Maps''' - The non-linear thinking and data visualization traditionally associated with mind maps can be applied using tools available on Prezi. <ref>[http://www.slideshare.net/j3pr0x/13-interesting-ways-to-use-prezi-in-the-classroom 13 Interesting Ways to Use Prezi in the Classroom]</ref><br />
*'''Digital Scrapbooking''' - Prezi's one-click adding feature for media files allows Prezi to be used as a medium for creating digital scrapbooks.<ref> Prezi. [http://prezi.com/te2rjqyltbkk/prezi-power-week-2012/?res_nr=10&sis=8660466939 "Prezi Digital Scrapbooking."] 2012. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:prezi.jpg|thumb|right]]<br />
<br />
==Criticism==<br />
Prezi is often criticized for making the audience dizzy or nauseous-- a result of overusing the spinning and zooming effects.<ref name = "Prezi in Ted"></ref><br />
Prezi’s discussion forum also shows many customer complaints regarding Prezi outages.<ref>Prezi. [http://community.prezi.com/prezi "Prezi Community."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> Similarly, when internet connection is not available, and you only have the Public license or have not downloaded your prezis, you are unable to present. <br />
<br />
Another criticism of Prezi is it's lack of aesthetic value, most notably its fonts and colors. Press offers certain palettes and outside of those colors, a user is not able to choose a specific color that they want to use. Presentation specialist Garr Reynolds notably said that he had never seen any good presentation come from using Prezi, and that the real value behind the software is it's usefulness in promoting collaboration in meetings and group projects, not the presentations themselves. <ref>Reynolds, Garr. [http://garr.posterous.com/have-you-ever-seen-a-great-talk-given-with-th "Have you ever seen a great talk given with th."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Security===<br />
Because Prezi is cloud based, there is always a chance that information and prezis could be intercepted by third party sites such as [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]]. Prezi “cannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online”.<ref>Prezi. [http://prezi.com/privacy-policy/ "Privacy Policy."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> This presents a dilemma for individuals or companies who want to use the program, but must keep their presentation content private and secure. Prezi does offer Prezi Desktop which potentially resolves this issue if you use it to only develop your prezis offline, however this costs money. Unless you have the EDU Enjoy license, you must pay to make your prezis private and you must pay more if you would like your prezis to stay out of the Prezi server cloud. The free version also automatically sets your prezis to “Public and Allow Copy”. You can manually change it to don’t allow copy, but the free version will always make your prezis public.<br />
<br />
===Privacy Online===<br />
Another issue with Prezi is that because it is an online presentation creator, many companies will not use it as they do not want their projects and ideas on an internet-based platform. Prezi's customer service blog had a response to this stating: "That because of this this is the reason why we have developed Prezi Desktop which lets you create prezis offline. You only need internet access to activate your license, and you'll never need to store any sensitive data on our servers". <ref> Prezi. [http://community.prezi.com/prezi/topics/prezi_and_online_privacy_issue "Online Privacy Issues."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> Therefore, companies can feel more secure about creating presentations using Prezi offline, where no one will have access to them through the Internet.<br />
<br />
An additional security issue with Prezi relates to the ownership of your information. On their website, Prezi says, “Information concerning your past behavior with the Service may be retained indefinitely by Prezi.”<ref>Prezi. [http://edu.prezi.com/help/privacy "Privacy Policy (EDU)."] REtrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref> According to the terms and conditions, they will keep your information for as long as they like. This can create problems for companies who wish to use Prezi to create presentations, but do not want Prezi to be able to hold onto the information in these presentations.<br />
<br />
===Cancellation===<br />
An issue stands in relation to subscription cancellation. Should you decide to cancel your subscription, you are still bound to the entire year long payment. Instead of a monthly payment as you go, they hold you to the cost of the rest of the license. “For example, if you paid for 12 months of the Prezi Pro license on January 1 and you cancel on October 1, your account will stay as a Pro license through December 31st.”<ref>Prezi. [http://prezi.com/learn/refund-policy/ "Refund Policy."] Retrieved on 16 April 2016.</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|{{columns-list|4|<br />
*[[Cloud Security]]<br />
*[[Cloud Computing]]<br />
}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<div style="clear: both; margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F0F8FF"><br />
*[http://prezi.com/ Official Website]<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezi Wikipedia Entry for Prezi]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
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<references /><br />
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[[Category:Services]]<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Etsy&diff=57422Etsy2016-04-26T23:37:59Z<p>Averyw: /* Privacy */</p>
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{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=530<br />
|NAME=Etsy<br />
|LOGO=Etsy-Logo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Etsy.png<br />
|CAPTION=one of Etsy's products<br />
|IMAGEURL=http://www.etsy-love.com/<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS App <br> Android<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|TYPE=E-commerce<br />
|URLTEXT=http://www.etsy.com/<br />
|LAUNCH=2005<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PRODUCT=Art<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
'''Etsy''' is an [[Wikipedia:Electronic_commerce|ecommerce]] website headquartered in [[Wikipedia:Dumbo,_Brooklyn|DUMBO, Brooklyn]]. It allows collectors and artists to sell their vintage pieces, unique and handmade products, as well as art supplies. It also connects artists worldwide, hoping to inspire a push for a small business-powered economy.<ref name ="about">Etsy Website "About" Section http://www.etsy.com/about/</ref> Etsy was created in 2005 by Rob Kalish and currently has over 19 million members. The Etsy website is available in 150 countries and the company has offices in Hudson, NY, San Francisco, CA, and Berlin, Germany. <ref name="press"> Etsy Website - Press Articles http://www.etsy.com/press/</ref> As of April 2015, Etsy was valued at over $3 billion. <ref>[http://money.cnn.com/2015/04/15/investing/etsy-ipo-16-a-share-wall-street/]</ref> Main features on the site include: selling and buying unique products, registries and blogs, and feedback that helps to establish a trusting relationship between buyers and sellers. The Etsy philosophy is to inspire people and help to establish small businesses online through Etsy Local and Etsy Labs, and to "bring heart to commerce and make the world more fair, more sustainable, and more fun."<ref>[http://www.etsy.com/about?ref=ft_about Etsy's about page]</ref> Etsy's business model and methodology also bring to light a host of ethical concerns and discussions. Such topics include buyer and seller privacy, and selling or purchasing illegal items. Additionally, Etsy has been involved in controversies, most prominently with Ecologica Malibu, the NAACP, and Cause Crafting.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
'''March 2005''':<br />
[[File:Rob-Kalin-Etsy.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Etsy Founder Rob Kalin]]<br />
Etsy was created by the [[Wikipedia:Carpenter|carpenter]], [[Wikipedia:Photographer|photographer]], and [[Wikipedia:Painting|painter]] Rob Kalin in 2005. At the time, Kalin believed there was not a good way to sell his products and wanted to create a way to satisfy this need. On June 18, 2005, Etsy launched online with the help of Halm Schoppik and Chris Maguire. <ref name="press"/> When asked where the name Etsy came from, creator Rob Kalin replied,"I wanted a nonsense word because I wanted to build the brand from scratch. I was watching Fellini's 8 ½ and writing down what I was hearing. In Italian, you say 'etsi' a lot. It means 'oh, yes.' And in Latin, it means 'and if.'" <ref>CNN Article: "How Etsy, eBay, Reddit got their names" http://articles.cnn.com/2011-04-22/living/website.name.origins.mf_1_skype-service-etsy-laser-pointer?_s=PM:LIVING</ref><br />
<br />
'''August 2010''':<br />
[[File:Chad_Dickerson.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Etsy CEO Chad Dickerson.]]<br />
Adam Freed was named [[Wikipedia:Chief_operating_officer|COO]] of Etsy. <ref> Etsy Website: "Introducing Etsy's New Chief Operating Officer" http://www.etsy.com/blog/news/2010/introducing-etsys-new-chief-operating-officer/</ref> He later stepped down from his position in September 2012. <ref>Tech Crunch Website: "Exec Changes at Etsy: Adam Freed Steps Down from COO Role" http://techcrunch.com/2012/09/20/exec-changes-at-etsy-adam-freed-steps-down-from-coo-role/</ref><br />
<br />
'''July 2011''':<br />
<br />
Chad Dickerson was named [[Wikipedia:Chief_Executive_Officer|CEO]] of Etsy after 3 years serving as Etsy's [[Wikipedia:Chief_technology_officer|CTO]] <ref>NY Times: "One on One: Chad Dickerson, C.E.O. of Etsy" http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/18/one-on-one-chad-dickerson-ceo-of-etsy/</ref> Dickerson is Etsy's third CEO since taking over the role from Rob Kalin who served as CEO from 2005-2008 and then again from December 2009 to July 2011. Maria Thomas Etsy's 2nd CEO, who served from July 2008 to December 2009. <ref>Etsy News Blog: "Etsy Alumni: Maria Thomas" http://www.etsy.com/blog/news/2009/etsy-alumni-maria-thomas/</ref> <br />
<br />
'''May 2012''':<br />
<br />
Etsy announced that it was raising $40 million dollars to expand their company worldwide.<ref> NY Times: "Etsy Raises $40 Million for International Expansion" http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/09/etsy-raises-40-million-for-international-expansion/</ref><br />
<br />
'''October 2012''':<br />
<br />
Etsy reported that it created three new optional safety features that would better protect its users. The first safety feature available will prompt a user for a second password that would be sent to the user's mobile phone every 30 days and every time a new browser is used to sign in. The second feature enables the user to sign out of currently signed in sessions from a different location.The third feature allows users to enable [[Wikipedia:Secure_Sockets_Layer|SSL]] for the whole site, further protecting sensitive and private information.<ref>Etsy News Blog: "Safety (and Privacy) First" http://www.etsy.com/blog/news/2012/safety-and-privacy-first/?ref=about_blog_title</ref><br />
<br />
Etsy has over $436.9 in annual sales, 19 million members, 1.7 [[Wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]] followers, 950,000 [[Wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]] likes, 15 million+ product listings, 42 million monthly visitors, 1.4 billion+ page views, 800,000+ shops, and yearly transactions with 150 countries.<ref name="press"/><br />
<br />
'''2015''':<br />
<br />
In March 2015 Etsy's CEO Chris Dickerson announced that the company had filed for a Registration Statement for an IPO, the first step for a company to go public.<ref>Dickerson, C. (2015). “Etsy Has Filed a Registration for an IPO”. Etsy. https://blog.etsy.com/news/2015/etsy-has-filed-a-registration-statement-for-an-ipo/</ref> A little over a month later, on April 16, 2015, Etsy went public on the New York Stock Exchange and raised $237 million in IPO proceeds.<ref> Gurley, B. (2015). "Etsy’s IPO is a Milestone for New York’s Startup Scene". Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2015/04/16/etsys-ipo-is-a-milestone-for-new-yorks-startup-scene/</ref><br />
<br />
==Main Features==<br />
<br />
===Selling===<br />
A variety of products are sold on Etsy, including arts supplies, handmade products, and vintage pieces. Vintage pieces can only be listed if they are a minimum of 20 years old. In order to sell products on Etsy, users must create a username and have the option to create a shop name. The username cannot be changed once created. Creating a shop on Etsy is free, however each listing that is posted in the shop costs $0.20. Each listing will remain on the shop's page for 4 months, or until someone buys the product. The sale prices of products are determined by the shop owner, but Etsy claims 3.5% of the sale price of each listing. Before a shop owner lists a product for sale, Etsy will show the fees he/she will be charged to make sure the shop owner is aware of the net profit to be made. Shop owners are sent a bill at the end of every month containing the fees they owe, and they have until the 15th day of the following month to pay the Etsy bill. Etsy ensures that each purchase is a secure transaction to protect the sellers as well as the customers.<br />
<br />
Before sellers open up their Etsy shop, they have various resources they can look at to understand how the selling process works. There are Etsy support specialists that are available by email or phone to answer questions that sellers may have. Sellers can read the Seller Handbook which includes best practices to manage their business. There is also an Etsy newsletter as well as Etsy forums which provide insights and tips to improve your shop. Etsy sellers can use the "Sell" tab on the Etsy application to manage their business. They can manage their orders, update items and communicate with customers. They also have the ability to promote their listing in search to drive more traffic. <ref>Etsy Website: "Learn How to Sell" http://www.etsy.com/sell</ref><br />
<br />
===Pattern===<br />
To help sellers create their own page, Etsy has incorporated a tool called “Pattern.” Pattern allows sellers to design their own website through Etsy. They are able to choose a theme and color palette. Further customizations are available for the sellers. Because Pattern is still linked to Etsy, once the seller creates their Pattern site, all of their products and listings will automatically sync to their new site. Sellers can manage both their Etsy shop as well as their Pattern site from the same place. Orders will be processed and shipped the same way on the Pattern site as they would be if they were done from the Etsy site. Etsy is hoping to give sellers more freedom for their site to reflect their business and products rather than just having everyone sell on the same rather plain Etsy platform. Pattern also has stats and built-in mobile and search engine optimization. Creating a Pattern site will give sellers a custom domain with the ability to connect their Pattern site to their Etsy page. Etsy is offering a free 30 day trial. After the free trial, sellers would have to pay $15 a month for this service.<ref>Pattern by Etsy https://www.etsy.com/pattern</ref> Etsy sellers were interested in having their own site to sell their products but had stated that the process of getting a domain, creating and managing the site as well as keeping track of inventory was very complicated. This will help keep sellers on Etsy instead of moving to only having a personal website to sell their products. Also, Etsy have the potential to attract more sellers because of this new tool. Etsy will also be making money from these sellers if they choose to continue using Pattern after the 30 day trial. <ref>Etsy Launches Pattern http://techcrunch.com/2016/04/05/etsy-launches-pattern/</ref><br />
<br />
===Buying===<br />
Searching for products to buy on Etsy is generally intuitive and simple. On the homepage,the potential buyer can type a product description into the search bar. <ref>Etsy Website: Home and Living http://www.etsy.com/?ref=si_home</ref> Alternatively, buyers may also choose from a list of categories by clicking on the "Categories" link on the left side of the homepage. This will bring the user to a page of categories that include: Accessories, Art, Bags and Purses, Bath and Beauty, Books and Zines, Candles, Ceramics and Pottery, Children, Clothing, Crochet, Dolls and Miniatures, Everything Else, Furniture, Geekery, Glass, Holidays, Housewares, Jewelry, Knitting, Music, Needlecraft, Paper Goods, Patterns, Pets, Plants and Edibles, Quilts, Supplies, Toys, Vintage, Wedding, Woodworking. Each of these categories have sub-categories to help the buyer refine the search. <ref>Etsy: Categories http://www.etsy.com/categories?ref=fp_nav_colors</ref> <br />
<br />
When a buyer views a product, he/she can view the positive percentage feedback of each seller to determine the reliability of the shop. Once a buyer finds a product he/she would like to buy, he/she clicks "Add to Cart", and that product is added to his/her virtual "Shopping Cart". The buyer may then continue shopping or purchase the selected item. In order to purchase items, buyers must have an account with Etsy. The account is free and can be integrated with Facebook to make the sign-in and registration process faster. The total product and shipping costs are shown to the user prior to entering payment information so the user knows exactly how much is being paid. Products listed on Etsy can be paid either with a [[Wikipedia: Visa_Inc.|Visa]], [[Wikipedia: Mastercard|MasterCard]], [[Wikipedia: Americanexpress| American Express]], or [[Wikipedia: Discover_Card|Discover Card]] credit/debit card or with [[Wikipedia:PayPal|PayPal]]. <ref>Etsy Website: Shopping Cart https://www.etsy.com/cart?ref=si_cart</ref><br />
<br />
===Registry, Community, Blog===<br />
[[File:Etsycommunity.jpg|thumbnail|right|An Etsy user showcases their products]]<br />
Etsy allows users to create wedding registries<ref>Etsy Website: Wedding Registry http://www.etsy.com/registry?ref=si_registry</ref> to ensure unique, handcrafted gifts. To create a registry, users must register with Etsy, but anyone may search for a regitsry. Users may go to the Etsy Community page to "Conect with fellow Etsians" <ref>Etsy Website: Community http://www.etsy.com/community?ref=si_com</ref>. Under this Community page, users can learn about and find Etsy event such as Etsy Labs. If users cannot make it to an event, videos are uploaded online. Through this page, users may also form and join teams with Etsy members who share common interests. Forums allow users to read and create blog posts to further connect with other Etsy members.<ref>Etsy Website: The Etsy Blog http://www.etsy.com/blog/en/?ref=si_blog</ref><br />
<br />
Community members often help each other out. it isn't easy becoming a profitable Etsy seller but when that does happen often they try to share the knowledge. For example, Iveth Morales runs an Easy storefront and contributed to this third party blog to help others figure out how they can also build Easy marketplaces <ref>[http://ohmyhandmade.com/2014/heart/the-angry-weather/]</ref>The photo on the right showcases her selling some of her items in a physical storefront, The Angry Weather.<br />
<br />
===Feedback===<br />
<br />
Feedback is means of establishing a reputation of trust for buyers, sellers and the Etsy marketplace, as well as identifying potential scammers and other unscrupulous users. Etsy members have the option to leave feedback for both the buyer and seller 120 days after the date of the transaction. This feedback is a record of a member's transaction and is completely anonymous, only the feedback rating is visible. Shop owners cannot make their sold order history or customer feedback private.<br />
The transaction can be rated as positive, negative, or neutral and you may leave an optional comment or customer appreciation photo related to the transaction.Consistency, fairness and honesty are critical to the integrity of the feedback system. Feedback directly affects a member's reputation and how other members of the Etsy community views that person. The feedback score is the cumulative total of all positives (+1) and negatives (-1) received. Neutral feedback does not affect a member's feedback score as it's neither positive nor negative <ref>Feedback http://www.etsy.com/help/article/483?%3Fref=help_policies_suggestion#feedback</ref>.<br />
<br />
==Philosophy==<br />
Etsy's goal is to inspire people around the world to take the power from large corporations and put it in the hands of small businesses. Etsy hopes to create a flourishing environment where people with similar interests can communicate with one another, buy one-of-a-kind goods, and explore unfamiliar communities and products. Etsy also hopes to make people realize how commendable individual authorship is.<ref name="about"/> The site strives to contain the best products available and explicitly states on their website that "Etsy members are responsible for making important moral or ethical decisions regarding what they buy and sell on Etsy" <ref name = "prohibit">Prohibited Items http://www.etsy.com/help/article/483#prohibited</ref>.<br />
<br />
===Etsy Local===<br />
[[File:Estylabs.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Etsy Labs.]]<br />
In order to help support its mission, Etsy has a search function on its site called "Etsy Local". Etsy Local allows users to search for and purchase products in the user's local area. This function can be found on the site by selecting the "Buy" tab on the homepage and then scrolling down and select "Shop Local" on the right-hand side. The user then enters a product name followed by "in" and then enter the name of the city or country the user would like to buy from. Then a list of products corresponding to the user's search will be displayed. Users can also use the main search bar and then after searching a product, the user can scroll down and enter his/her location on the left-hand side. <ref>Etsy Website: Etsy Local - Support your neighborhood by buying and selling nearby http://www.etsy.com/local?ref=buy_page_nav_local</ref><br />
<br />
===Etsy Labs===<br />
Etsy created Etsy Labs in order to educate people on how to create their own products and to help people interested in the arts to communicate with one another. Labs are creative workshops where public events are held ranging from business development workships to those involving craft-making. Etsy Lab workshops are free of charge. <ref>Etsy Website: All About Etsy FAQ Series http://www.etsy.com/blog/news/2009/all-about-etsy-faq-series-welcome-to-the-etsy-labs/</ref> Etsy Labs can be found in Amsterdam, Berlin, Brooklyn, Hamburg, London, Munich, Paris, Portland, and San Francisco.<br />
<br />
===Maker-Manufacturer Partnership Program===<br />
Etsy has scheduled a “manufacturing meetup” for April 26. Local nonprofits Riverworks, the Wisconsin Women’s Business Initiative Corporation, and the Greater Milwaukee Committee are teaming up with Etsy to host this event. Taking place in Milwaukee, these organizations are hoping to connect small businesses or just people with ideas to bigger manufacturing business or workers. Etsy found out that it was difficult for small businesses to grow because they didn’t have manufacturing abilities to produce their products on a larger scale. This event would allow users to meet and work with other designers and makers. This included areas of apparel and textiles, machining and fabrication, jewelry and metalsmithing, and printing. Etsy and others believes that this event will encourage small businesses to learn new skills that will help with their business. It will be a networking opportunity for sellers as well as the manufacturers who may help create products for these sellers in the future. Additionally, this event will only add more energy to Milwaukee’s already creative community. <ref>Maker-Manufacturer Meetup http://wisconsingazette.com/2016/04/20/etsy-manufacturers-meetup/</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Ethical Guidelines==<br />
===Restrictions on Selling and Buying Items===<br />
Etsy has an entire page of do's and don'ts listed on their website to police the content that is exchanged. They have rules regarding what counts as handmade or vintage goods as well as requirements for custom orders and charitable contributions. They have laid out specific requirements for shops, including requirements for sellers to act ethically in their selling of products and how they represent them online. Sellers are forbidden from using mature, profane, and racist language and images in their shop. There are also requirements for sellers to list and label items, for example items must be accurately described and represented and cannot use inaccurate or misleading terms. Buyers can only see what is put online and Etsy requires that the sellers do not take advantage of this fact and mislead buyers. There is also the issue of mature and prohibited content being sold or promoted through Etsy. Mature requirement has strict guidelines about when it can be included and the ways that users can avoid this type of content when using the site. There is also a list of prohibited items that Etsy does not allow on the site no matter what. They want to upkeep the "Spirit of Etsy" and claim that these items do not work with that spirit. Taken from the Etsy Help Page is this list of prohibited items:<br />
<br />
*Alcohol<br />
*Tobacco and other smokeable products<br />
*Drugs, medical drug claims about an item, drug paraphernalia<br />
*Live animals, illegal animal products<br />
*Human remains or body parts (excluding hair and teeth)<br />
*Pornography<br />
*Firearms and/or weapons<br />
*Hazardous materials (for example: flammable, explosive, corrosive, poisonous, etc.)<br />
*Recalled items<br />
*Real estate<br />
*Motor vehicles (for example: automobiles, motorcycles, boats, travel trailers, etc.)<br />
*Items or listings that promote, support or glorify hatred toward or otherwise demean people based upon: race, ethnicity, religion, gender, gender identity, disability, or sexual orientation; including items or content that promote organizations with such views<br />
*Items or listings that promote or support illegal activity or instruct others to engage in illegal activity<br />
*Items or listings that promote, support or glorify acts of violence or harm towards self or others<br />
<br />
<ref name = "doanddont"> Etsy Help Page: "Do's and Don'ts" http://www.etsy.com/help/article/483#mature</ref>.<br />
<br />
===Restrictions on Interacting in the Etsy Community===<br />
Etsy has a blog, forums, and teams that all make up the greater Etsy Community. Etsy has laid out specific information for behavior that is allowed in these settings. The Etsy Help Page provides a list of requirements for interacting in the Etsy community:<br />
<br />
*Treat one another with respect. There is a real person behind each name.<br />
*If your account involves a person under the age of 18, you may not utilize the community features on Etsy unless otherwise specified by Etsy. (When using Etsy, those under 18 must, at all times, have the permission and supervision of a parent or legal guardian who is at least 18 years of age.)<br />
*Knowingly harassing, insulting or abusing other members is unacceptable.<br />
*The community spaces are not the appropriate channel to express disputes with others.<br />
*Discussing a specific member, shop or item (either by name or with identifiable hints) in a negative way is not allowed. <br />
*Specific transactions and/or feedback should not be discussed in public community spaces. Instead, contact Support privately if you need help with a transaction.<br />
*Do not publicly post another person's private information without their explicit consent (for example: email, Conversations, letters, phone numbers, addresses, full names or business transactions).<br />
*Do not use the community spaces to facilitate or arrange any sort of auction or transaction outside of Etsy's Checkout.<br />
*You may not use an undisclosed alternate account (also called a "sock puppet") in the community spaces.<br />
<br />
Etsy asks that past these requirements, users use morals and ethical judgement in their online dealings with the site.<br />
<br />
<ref name = "doanddont"/>.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Controversies==<br />
===Privacy===<br />
In an effort to add social networking features to Etsy, the company implemented features allowing users to search other users' buying histories and to trace their purchasing transactions. Etsy thought that this feature would allow Etsy users to connect to individuals with similar buying and/or selling histories. However, it is generally agreed upon that such efforts to connect people violated users' right to privacy. <ref>Ars Technica Website: "Etsy users irked after buyers, purchases exposed to the world" http://arstechnica.com/business/2011/03/etsy-users-irked-after-buyers-purchases-exposed-to-the-world/</ref><br />
<br />
Users can make their feed public or private. This means they can control who can see their favorited items, shops and treasuries. Users also have the option to block and unblock specific users.<br />
<br />
===Scams===<br />
It can be common to be scammed on Etsy as both a buyer and seller. Sellers can be scammed by a buyer, for example, if the buyer falsely claims they did not receive the item, forcing the seller to refund them. This means the faulty buyer essentially receives the item for free. <ref>[http://etsyentrepreneurs.blogspot.com/2011/06/latest-scams-etsy-feedback-system-that.html] Latest Scams and the Etsy System that Facilitates It</ref> A buyer can be scammed by a seller if the seller does not fulfill their end of the bargin and send the buyer the product they paid for or a worse quality product than promised.<br />
<br />
===Ecologica Malibu===<br />
In April 2012, Etsy users began to demand the removal of Ecologica Malibu off its site after the shop was found to use a wholesale manufacturer. Users said that Ecologica Malibu went against the anti-big business values of Etsy.<ref>The Daily Dot: "Etsy CEO responds to reseller controversy" http://www.dailydot.com/news/etsy-ceo-chad-dickerson-reseller-controversy/</ref> C.E.O. Chad Dickerson replied to the matter in a blog post on the site where he said "Much of the information we learn from investigations can’t be shared with the larger community out of respect for the privacy of the seller being investigated, so there is a natural divergence between what the community sees when they report a seller and what we see as we go deeper on the case. … [T]here are times when available public evidence suggests that a violation of our policy is clear, and our investigations find that it’s actually not the case.” <ref>Etsy News Blog: Notes from Chad http://www.etsy.com/blog/news/2012/notes-from-chad-6/</ref> Many users are still not contented by Dickerson's response.<ref>Etsy Website: Discussions: "Responses to policy concerns, and a note from Chad" http://www.etsy.com/teams/7718/site-help/discuss/10206501</ref><br />
<br />
===NAACP===<br />
In May 2012, the San Francisco chapter of the [[Wikipedia:Naacp|NAACP]] contacted Etsy in regards to their allowance of the sale of racist memorabilia. Etsy's site policy states that sellers can not post "Items or listings that promote, support or glorify hatred toward or otherwise demean people based upon: race, ethnicity, religion, gender, gender identity, disability, or sexual orientation; including items or content that promote organizations with such views"<ref>Etsy Help: Prohibited Items http://www.etsy.com/help/article/483#prohibited</ref>, however Etsy continues to allow users to sell Gollywog Dolls and posters portraying African-Americans in a negative light. <ref>Etsy Website: Negro Collectibles http://www.etsy.com/search?q=negro%20collectible&view_type=gallery&ship_to=US&ref=auto5</ref> When Etsy was contacted via [[Wikipedia:The_Grio|The Grio]], an NBC-operated African-American news site, Etsy's Adam Brown replied “We encourage our members to report or ‘flag’ items or sellers they feel are not compliant with Etsy’s marketplace policies, which they can do via a link on every listing or shop page...We can’t comment on private communications or on specific cases.". <ref>The Grio: NBC News: "Popular craft site Etsy accused of racism for selling Sambo, Golliwog memorabilia http://thegrio.com/2012/10/12/popular-craft-site-etsy-accused-of-racism-for-selling-sambo-golliwog-memorabilia/#s:etsy-golliwog-16x9</ref> A petition has been created in the hopes that Etsy will take down offensive merchandise off their site. <ref>Change.org Website: "Tell Etsy to Stop Profitting from Prohibited Items" http://www.change.org/petitions/tell-etsy-to-stop-profiting-from-prohibited-items</ref><br />
<br />
===Sale of Aryan Nations Memorabilia===<br />
Etsy decided to remove and blocked the sale of Aryan Nations memorabilia. The products had been posted for sale by Morris Gulett. An Esty spokeswoman responded to the report by saying, “Etsy does not allow items that support or commemorate current or historical hate groups, including propaganda or collectibles.” The link to these products is now unavailable. Etsy’s policy prohibits the sale of hate-related items. As soon as Etsy becomes aware of products that violate their policies, they remove them. There is currently no formal way to know exactly when prohibited products appear on the site. <ref>Etsy removes Aryan Nations Memorabilia https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2016/04/14/website-etsy-blocks-sale-aryan-nations-memorabilia</ref><br />
===Cause Crafting===<br />
During certain times of the year or when causes arise that people wish to support, sellers will promote items related to that theme. Often times items are promoted alongside these that follow a similar style or look, related to the cause, but are not actually there to support and donate to the cause. Others use the cause as a way to promote their products without actually making a donation<ref>Etsy Website: Discussions: "Tickled Pink" - Ethics on "Cause" Crafters http://www.etsy.com/teams/7714/ideas/discuss/11067305/</ref>. Etsy has a section on their "Do's and Dont's" page <ref name = "prohibit"/> that explains rules regarding these types of promotions but they are not always followed, and Etsy has committed fouls on their own side as well.<br />
<br />
One instance of this that left a strong impression on users was with Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Pink items were advertised as part of Etsy's "Tickled Pink" campaign. Many sellers donated the full price of the item to the cause but others, including ones that explicitly contained Breast Cancer Awareness logos or themes, did not donate any portion of their proceeds. They were, in effect, using the BCAM association as a marketing tool and buyers misunderstood that their purchases were not actually going to support breast cancer research. Some of the items did not have any connection to the cause and Etsy was "pinkwashing" or simply promoting pink colored items as fitting for the theme. Many buyers were angered over this "pinkwashing" they saw Etsy as guilty of committing <ref>[http://pinkgoose.wordpress.com/2012/10/10/oh-for-fks-sake-etsy/ blog post about pinkwashing]</ref>.<br />
<br />
==Competition==<br />
Some competitors of Etsy include: [[Amazon.com]], [[Craigslist]], [http://en.dawanda.com/ DaWanda], [http://www.bonanza.com/ Bonanza], [http://shopleaf.com Shopleaf], [http://www.efreeme.com/ eFreeme], [http://www.ebay.com/ Ebay], [http://www.trembu.com/ TrEmbu], [http://kollabora.com/store kollaborra], [http://www.silkfair.com/ SilkFair], and [https://www.groopdealz.com/ GroopDealz]. All of these sites feature homemade products, vintage goods, and/or art supplies. <br />
<br />
Etsy's European CEO, Matt Stinchcomb, told the European news site [[Wikipedia:Exberliner|Exberliner]], "At first I was wary of the clones, but I have changed my tune. As far as I am concerned, the more people highlighting the value of supporting micro-producers and buying handmade and vintage directly from them, the better."<ref>Exberliner: "Five Questions for..." http://www.exberliner.com/articles/five-questions-for...-etsy</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
*[[Amazon.com]]<br />
*[[eBay]]<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
*[http://en.dawanda.com/ DaWanda]<br />
*[http://www.bonanza.com/ Bonanza] <br />
*[http://shopleaf.com Shopleaf]<br />
*[http://www.efreeme.com/ eFreeme]<br />
*[http://www.ebay.com/ Ebay]<br />
*[http://www.trembu.com/ TrEmbu]<br />
*[http://kollabora.com/store kollaborra]<br />
*[http://www.silkfair.com/ SilkFair]<br />
*[https://www.groopdealz.com/ GroopDealz]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[category: Websites]]<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Yik_Yak&diff=57417Yik Yak2016-04-26T23:12:44Z<p>Averyw: /* Ethical Implications */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME = Yik Yak<br />
|LOGO = Yik-yak-large.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE = Screenshot_2016-02-11_at_9.19.14_AM.png<br />
|CAPTION = Yik Yak website<br />
|IMAGEURL = https://www.yikyak.com/home<br />
|TEXT = www.yikyak.com<br />
|PLATFORM = iOS application<br>Android<br />
|PRODUCT = Yik Yak<br />
|TYPE = Anonymous social media<br />
|SITEURL = https://www.yikyak.com/home<br />
|URLTEXT = www.yikyak.com<br />
|STATUS = Active<br />
|LAUNCH = November, 2013<br />
|WEBSITE = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yik_Yak <br />
}}<br />
'''Yik Yak''' is an anonymous location-based social media application developed by [[wikipedia:Tyler_Droll|Tyler Droll]] and [[wikipedia:Brooks_Buffington|Brooks Buffington]]. Yik Yak serves as a local bulletin board based on one's location by showing the most recent and popular posts from other users around you. Yik Yak was created with the goal, "to create a way for people to instantly connect with everyone around them. As of now, Yik Yak is now located in over 2,000 college campuses across the United States".<ref>"about." Yik Yak. https://www.yikyak.com/about </ref> Although heavily concentrated in college campuses all over the nation, Yik Yak is still emergent outside of these communities.<br />
<br />
Yik Yak thrives off anonymous submissions from users within a 5-mile proximity (Yik Yak prefers to call their posts "yaks").<ref> "Yik Yak Chat App: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know" Heavy. http://heavy.com/tech/2014/03/yik-yak-chat-app-for-iphone-android/ </ref> The main page is viewable in two different formats. One consists of the most recent feed of Yaks users have made. The second feed is based on the most popular Yak, based on Yik Yak's upvoting system. Registered users are allowed to post new Yaks, upvote, downvote, and comment on existing Yaks.<ref>"features." Yik Yak. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yik_Yak </ref> If a Yak gets enough upvotes, it will be moved under the "Hot" tab, where the most popular Yaks live. On the other hand, if a Yak gets 5 total downvotes, the Yak will be removed from the public feed. To incentivize interaction, Yik Yak uses a reward system through "Yakarma", so the more actions the user does within the application, the more yakarma they will have. Every upvote/downvote on a post, comment, or posting a user makes will be added to their yakarma. <br />
<br />
Being one of the most popular anonymous social applications on the market, Yik Yak has issues with people abusing this platform by posting threats to the public and cyberbullying other users.<br />
<br />
==History ==<br />
[[wikipedia:Tyler_Droll|Tyler Droll]] and [[wikipedia:Brooks_Buffington|Brooks Buffington]] first came up the idea for this app when they attended [[wikipedia:Furman_University|Furman University]]. They first meet each other in a programming class and their friendship only built up from there. Droll and Buffington were intrigued by anonymous [[wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]] accounts that were catered specifically to the Furman campus, and they wanted to recreate this experience in a phone application<ref>"Yik Yak inspiration." Yik Yak. http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-yik-yak/slide/5/ </ref>. However, it was not until they graduated when they wanted to take their idea more seriously. Doll and Buffington released the first version of the application to the Apple App store in November 2013. During January of 2014, Yik Yak started to become more and more popular. [[wikipedia:Atlanta_Captial|Atlanta Capital]], which is an investment firm, decided to invest $20,000 into Yik Yak<ref>"Yik Yak investment." Yik Yak. http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-yik-yak/slide/7/</ref>. During April of 2014, Yik Yak closed a $1.5 million investment deal and later a $10 million dollar investment deal with [[wikipedia:Vaizra_Investments|Vaizra Investments]], with participation from [[wikipedia:DCM|DCM]], [[wikipedia:Azure_Capital_Partners|Azure Captial Partners]] and other angel investors<ref>"Yik Yak investment." Yik Yak. http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-yik-yak/slide/16/</ref>. Within one year of the applications release, Yik Yak was one of the top ten most downloaded social media applications of the year.<ref>”Yik Yak Moves Into Top 10 Social Media Apps” (2014). Yik Yaker. https://web.archive.org/web/20141208095159/http://yikyaker.com/yik-yak-moves-top-10-social-media-apps/</ref> Yik Yak has had tremendous success in US colleges, but its growth in popularity and support outside of the US is still very small. With how fast Yik Yak became popular, they won the fastest rising startup at the 8th Annual Crunchies Awards<ref>"Yik Yak Awards." Yik Yak. http://techcrunch.com/2015/02/05/yikyak-wins-fastest-rising-startup-at-8th-annual-crunchies-awards/</ref>.<br />
<br />
==Similar Applications==<br />
===Secret===<br />
[[File:img_7954.png|right|225px|thumb|News feeds from Yik Yak and Secret side by side.]][[wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_(app)|Secret]] was an [[wikipedia:iOS|iOS]] and [[wikipedia:Android|Android]] phone application that was created on January 30, 2014. The application was designed with the purpose of allowing users to share messages anonymously with their friends, friends of friends, or publicly. This anonymous sharing is very similar to Yik Yak, but Secret also modeled their newsfeed to be almost exactly the same as Yik Yak's newsfeed<ref>"Secret Newsfeed." Secret. https://gigaom.com/2014/12/18/secret-tries-to-save-itself-by-imitating-yik-yak/</ref>. <br />
Although the initial launch and reception were very good for this [[wikipedia:Silicon_Valley|Silicon Valley]] application, the app was faced with some legal issues in Brazil that halted their development. A prosecutor brought a bullying issue to court after being bullied while using Secret. The app allows for people out of the United States to address an issue of bullying by sending a letter to an American judge, which basically renders international users powerless. According to chapter 5, Article 1 of the Brazilian constitution, the article states that "the expression of thought is free, anonymity being forbidden." <ref>"Brazilian Constitution" Secret. http://www.v-brazil.com/government/laws/titleII.html</ref>. Consequently, the judge ruled Secret's promise of anonymity unconstitutional. Due to people misusing the application like this, Secret's founder and CEO [[wikipedia:David_Byttow|David Byttow]] decided to remove the application from the app store.<ref>"Secret" Secret. https://gigaom.com/2014/12/18/secret-tries-to-save-itself-by-imitating-yik-yak/</ref>.<br />
<br />
===Whisper===<br />
[[wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whisper_(app)|Whisper]] is an [[wikipedia:iOS|iOS]] and [[wikipedia:Android|Android]] phone application that was released on March 31, 2012. Much like Yik Yak, Whisper allows users to send posts anonymously and receive replies to other users nearby. The signature of Whisper is that whenever you post a message on Whisper, you have to choose a background picture and provide text that is overlaid on that picture. Even the replies to the original post have to have a background and overlaid text. However, when responding to a post you have the option to keep your message private between the poster and yourself, or you can reply publicly for everyone to see. The Whisper application has been criticized for requiring access to smartphone features such as the camera and contact list even though it is unnecessary. Whisper's privacy policy says that they reserve the right to turn over any information if any law enforcement has the jurisdiction to do so<ref>"Whisper Privacy." Whisper. http://blog.yikyak.com/blog/introducing-photos</ref>. The [[wikipedia:Electronic Frontier Foundation|Electronic Frontier Foundation's]] Hanni Fakhoury elaborated that: "You have to be very careful about selling a program as a secure way to secretly communicate, and then reserve the right to turn over that information whenever necessary<ref>"Fakhoury Whisper." Whisper. http://www.wired.com/2014/05/whistleblowers-beware/</ref>."<br />
<br />
===Nearby===<br />
[[wikipedia:Nearby|Nearby]] is an [[wikipedia:iOS|iOS]] and [[wikipedia:Android|Android]] phone application that was originally launched in June 2010. The service has over 2.5 million users. Nearby was designed to help people connect with and develop friendships with people located nearby. Using the user's [[wikipedia:GPS|GPS]] capabilities on their phone, the app would compile a list of other nearby users. Through the app, users could send private text messages, photo messages, virtual gifts, and view other users' profiles. Unlike Yik Yak, Nearby is not an anonymous social networking application. However, on this application you can choose to display as much information as you want, including providing a different name than your real one. There is also a public “Live Stream” feature, which is very similar to [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]]’s news feed where you can see people's profiles. This differs from Yik Yak because you do not actually post to a public feed, but instead send individual messages to other users.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
===Photo Sharing===<br />
[[File:photo_nov_09_11_49_10_am.png|right|150px|thumb|Image of a yak that included a photo.]]During July 15, 2015, Yik Yak started allowing their users to post photos. However, Yik Yak moderates the photos before they are actually posted, so there will be some downtime before your post is actually in the feed. Their guidelines are that you should not post, "inappropriate photos (anything you wouldn’t send to your mother), illegal content, or faces will be allowed in local feeds"<ref>"Photo guidelines." Yik Yak. https://blog.yikyak.com/blog/introducing-photos </ref>. While posting a picture, you are still allowed to post a comment along with it so the text does not have to be overlaid on the photo. Many users had been asking for this feature for a long time. Before they actually released this feature, they gave a few communities the ability to share photos earlier in order to provide feedback and ideas that they could use "<ref>"Photo guidelines." Yik Yak. https://blog.yikyak.com/blog/introducing-photos </ref>.<br />
===Peek===<br />
During October 2014 Yik Yak released the feature that allowed users to view other Yik Yak community feeds. Particularly, you would be allowed to see into other US and international college's yak feeds. Giving the users the ability to search what area they want to see yaks from allows users to get an unfiltered look at what is happening in a certain area at any given time. [[wikipedia:Brooks_Buffington|Brooks Buffington]], the COO and co-founder of Yik Yak said, “We’re building Yik Yak into a technology that fulfills a higher purpose of delivering organic and unfiltered truths, which cannot be said for other news mediums”<ref>"Yik Yak Peek." Yik Yak. http://tech.co/yik-yak-introduces-new-peek-feature-2014-05 </ref>.<br />
===Herd/Basecamp===<br />
On May 15, 2015, Yik Yak released the ability for users to set a basecamp for their yak feed. With this, users would be able to set their yak feed to a certain location even though they are not actually in that area. Once you set up your herd, you will have the capability to switch between posting in your local feed or your "My Herd" feed."<ref>"My Herd." Yik Yak. http://blog.yikyak.com/blog/basecamp </ref>. You only have the capability to set your herd once, so users have to choose their location wisely. Many users have wanted a way to still wanted to be a part of their campus herd, even though they were studying abroad or away for the summer. In addition, this new update allows users to now see trending locations, local and global herds allowed for more exploration within the community.<br />
===Yakarma===<br />
Yakarma points are used on Yik Yak. When a user first downloads the app, they start off with 100 points. <ref>Yakarma http://www.businessinsider.in/A-22-year-olds-guide-to-Yik-Yak-the-super-hot-anonymous-gossip-app-that-schools-are-banning/Heres-your-Yakarma-score-in-the-upper-left-hand-corner-When-you-download-the-app-you-start-with-100-points-You-get-a-point-each-time-you-upvote-or-downvote-someones-Yak-You-get-2-points-for-every-Yak-you-post-and-a-point-each-time-your-Yak-gets-upvoted-Your-Yakarma-doesnt-really-do-anything-for-you-besides-give-some-indication-of-how-much-youre-interacting-with-the-app-/slideshow/46544017.cms</ref> This is the breakdown of Yakarma points:<br />
*New Yak Post: +2 points<br />
*Yak Reply: +2-6 points<br />
*Upvote a Post: +1 point<br />
*Upvote a Reply: +1 point<br />
*Downvote a Post: -1 point<br />
*Downvote a Reply: -1 point<br />
There are no real benefits or rewards for having Yakarma points however you can see how much you interact with the app. They are a way to track behavior and engagement. Yakarma takes into account all your activity in the application including posts, comments, replies, upvotes and downvotes. Should someone want to, they can email the Yik Yak team to have their Yakarma reset.<ref>Yakarma Score http://appamatix.com/weird-fact-yakarma-score/</ref><br />
<br />
===Handles===<br />
Starting on March 8, 2016, users have the ability to create handles. Handles are like a username for users on Yik Yak. Users do not have to create a handle if they choose to remain anonymous. Also, users that do create handle have the ability to choose when they post with that handle. If a user posts with their handle, all other members of the Yik Yak community can see the handle with the corresponding post. When users first create their handle, they will be set to appear “on” by default. No two users can have the same handle and they will be given out first-come, first-served. Yik Yak has stated that they hope that handles will give users an option to express their own personality should they choose to use a handle. Yik Yak hopes that it will provide users “a new way to establish their unique voice in the community.” <ref>Yik Yak Handles https://blog.yikyak.com/blog/introducing-handles </ref><br />
==Ethical Implications==<br />
===Bullying & Cyberbullying===<br />
Although Droll and Buffington initially intended the application to be used only on college campuses, high school students also started using the application after hearing of the app's popularity. As a result, there have been many instances where students felt like they were personally bullied by other anonymous users across various age groups. For example, a 17-year-old by the name of [[wikipedia:Elizabeth_Long|Elizabeth Long]] attempted to kill herself but failed, resulting in other students using the app to encourage her to do so.<ref>"Yik Yak Bullying." Yik Yak. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/11912360/Yik-Yak-Teen-bullied-on-the-anonymous-app-for-attempting-suicide-starts-petition-for-it-to-be-banned.html </ref>. <br />
After unsuccessful attempts to shut out the application within her school by school officials, she started a petition to have the app regulated more carefully or to be completely banned from the app store. As of now there are over 80,000 signatures on a petition created on [[wikipedia:Change.org|Change.org]] with these two requests. A couple years after the petition was created, Elizabeth had a meeting with the creators of Yik Yak in order to make a compromise"<ref>"Yik Yak Petition." Yik Yak. https://www.change.org/p/tyler-droll-and-brooks-buffington-shut-down-the-app-yik-yak </ref>. Responding to this, Yik Yak has started setting up [[wikipedia:geofences|geofences]] around certain schools, raising the age in the [[wikipedia:Apple_Store|Apple Store]] and [[wikipedia:Google_Play|Google Play]] from 12 to 17 years old. Yik Yak has also changed to allow parents to block underage users from the app, specifically prohibiting bullying in their Terms of Use conditions. Yik Yak now also uses natural language filters to prevent the names of any individuals from being posted, as well as filters through any racially insensitive or insulting terms. The app also added moderators to review feeds and remove any offensive content that is flagged by users.<br />
<br />
On April 25th, 2015, a student at the University of Michigan posted a Yak about his planned suicide, prompting a large response and discussion about mental health at the University of Michigan <ref name = "umich yik yak" > U-M community bands together after suicidal note on Yik Yak, MLive, Darcie Moran, April 26th, http://www.mlive.com/news/ann-arbor/index.ssf/2015/04/u-m_community_bands_together_a.html </ref>. The original post titled ''"Thank You & Bye"'' read:<br />
<br />
''"Goodbye, Wolverines. As stupid as it might seem, 4/30 will be my last day of existence. It is much easier to tell this anonymously than to my friends directly. They'll figure it out later. Thank you."'' <ref name = "umich yik yak" </><br />
<br />
It was reported that the original Yak was taken down, but several students were able to take screenshots of the original post. Some students, however, even went so far as to reach out to the anonymous poster to meet up and talk. While these one-on-one meetings never made it to fruition, a large gathering was organized at the University of Michigan's Central Campus Diag. Approximately 15-20 students gathered on April 26th around 2pm dressed in maize colored shirts to show support for the original post and others facing mental illness, depression, and suicide <ref name = "umich yik yak" </><br />
<br />
===Banned on College Campuses===<br />
Multiple universities, including Saint Louis University, Augustana College, Utica College and Norwich University, have blocked Yik Yak from their campus wireless networks. While some think this is a violation of free speech, others salute the universities for protecting students from online bullying and hate speech. <br />
<br />
===Threats===<br />
[[File:yikyak.jpg|right|275px|thumb|Image of a threat posted on Yik Yak at Missouri University.]]Due to the anonymous nature of Yik Yak, users have the ability to post almost anything unmoderated. There have been scenarios where users have abused this capability by posting threats onto the application. Specifically, there was a situation at [[wikipedia:Missouri_University_of_Science_and_Technology|Missouri University of Science and Technology]] where two students posted violent threats to targeting black students at their university. This was a news headliner during November 2015, but there have been plenty of other instances similar to this at universities across the US. On the topic of the Missouri University incident, [[wikipedia:Brooks_Buffington|Brooks Buffington]] said, “Let’s not waste any words here: This sort of misbehavior is not what Yik Yak is to be used for. Period. It is not condoned by Yik Yak, and it violates our Terms of Service"<ref>"Yik Yak Threats." Yik Yak. http://www.ibtimes.com/yik-yak-threats-college-campuses-missouri-arrests-highlight-growing-problem-2181663 </ref>. <br />
Although Yik Yak is anonymous, when law enforcement is involved with a situation involving Yik Yak they comply on a "case-by-case" basis<ref>"Yik Yak compliance" Yik Yak. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2015/11/11/what-is-yik-yak-the-app-that-fielded-racist-threats-at-university-of-missouri/ </ref>. Yik Yak can give into law enforcement subpoenas, court orders, search warrants, or emergency requests for information. Once that is approved, law enforcement can track down anyone that uses the application.<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[[Anonymous Behavior in Virtual Environments]]<br />
*[[Cyberbullying]]<br />
}}<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Social_Networking]]<br />
[[Category:Information_Ethics]]<br />
[[Category:Mobile Application]]<br />
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([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Pinterest&diff=57414Pinterest2016-04-26T22:57:08Z<p>Averyw: /* Pinterest Mobile Applications */</p>
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{{initial|P}}'''interest''' is a social network image-sharing site that was founded by [[Wikipedia: Ben_Silbermann|Ben Silbermann]], [[Wikipedia: Paul_Sciarra|Paul Sciarra]], and [[Wikipedia: Evan_Sharp|Evan Sharp]] in 2009 as a Silicon Valley start-up.<ref name="ref1"><br />
[http://www.forbes.com/pictures/mmj45ifhm/ben-silbermann-evan-sharp-co-founder-pinterest-2928/ Forbes]</ref><ref name="ref2">[http://www.nypost.com/p/news/business/founders_group_of_eclectic_collecters_c6OCu79GSiJIs3oynbwliN/ Founders: A group of eclectic collectors]</ref> Users on Pinterest find and share their favorite styles, tastes, and interests, as well as get inspiration from others. Pintrest has over 10.4 million users.<ref name="ref3">[http://articles.businessinsider.com/2012-05-01/tech/31511284_1_google-users-investors-facebook/ Inside Pinterest]</ref> Essentially, the website is a vision board, or a social photo website and application where users can create and manage image collections. Since links are shared to many on Pinterest, ethical concerns of copyright and censorship are apparent. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
[[File:imgres.jpeg|300px|right|thumb|Pinterest Co-founders: Paul Sciarra, Ben Silbermann, and Evan Sharp]]<br />
Paul Sciarra left his job at a venture capital firm, [[Wikipedia:Radius_Ventures|Radius Ventures]], in New York, in 2008. Across the country, Silbermann left his job at customer service and data entry at [[Google]].<ref name ="ref2"/> The two college friends came together to brainstorm ideas for a startup. The two started developing a product called Tote, a catalog for one's phone, but the two struggled to gain necessary funds after the recession. After securing some investors, the two entrepreneurs turned away from Tote and began to work on Pinterest, and recruited Evan Sharp as a cofounder. <ref> [http://www.businessinsider.com/pinterest-founding-story-2012-4?op=1] </ref> The three did not find immediate success with it. Pinterest’s initial slow growth concerned the two colleagues, but only a year later, the site skyrocketed to success as it experienced wild growth. Out of a childhood love to collect things from insects to stamps, developed a social media website built to allow people to continue their collections online.<ref name="ref4"><br />
[http://articles.businessinsider.com/2012-03-13/tech/31158694_1_google-experience-products-silbermann-said/ Meet Ben Silbermann]</ref><br />
<br />
Pinterest began as an exclusive website requiring an invitation to join and participate. In August 2012, Pinterest opened up to the public allowing anyone to sign up for an account and be a user.<ref name="ref17">[http://techcrunch.com/2012/08/08/pinterest-open/ Pinterest Finally Ditches Invitations, Now Lets Anyone Sign Up]</ref><br />
<br />
===Growth===<br />
Pinterest continues to grow at an astounding rate. Pinterest became the fastest site ever to break through the 10 million unique visitor mark when data reported from [[Wikipedia:Comscore|comScore]] indicated the site had 11.7 million unique U.S. visitors on a monthly basis.<ref name="ref5">[http://techcrunch.com/2012/02/07/pinterest-monthly-uniques/ Pinterest Hits 10 Million U.S. Monthly Uniques Faster Than Any Standalone Site Ever]</ref> Since early 2012, the number of Pinterest users to visit the site daily has increased 145%.<ref name="ref6">[http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/14/this-is-everything-you-need-to-know-about-pinterest-infographic/ This Is Everything You Need To Know About Pinterest]</ref> According to new data from social media marketer, Tamba, the number of daily unique visitors of Pinterest doubled in just two months from 2 million in January 2012 to 4 million in March 2012.<ref name="ref11">[http://www.tamba.co.uk/blog/infographic-interest-in-pinterest-tamba/ Infographic Interest in Pinterest]</ref><br />
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According to the [[Wikipedia:La_times|Los Angeles Times]], July 2012 astonishingly saw over 29 million weekly visits to the site, over an 2183% increase from the previous year of 1.27 million weekly visits.<ref>[http://articles.latimes.com/2012/aug/29/business/la-fi-tn-pinterest-instagram-growth-20120829/ Pinterest, Instagram continue meteoric growth]</ref> As of now with over 10 million users, this growth according to Pinterest's CEO is not due to better algorithms or engineering, but is the work of better marketing. Silbermann still believes what was needed and is still needed is simply a better way to distribute Pinterest to users. When Pinterest first started, Silbermann went to many local boutiques and other events and found people who had similar interests to his own and there promoted Pinterest. To his surprise, his work began paying off when he saw people actually conversing about creative projects.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121020/the-secret-behind-pinterests-growth-was-marketing-not-engineering-says-ceo-ben-silbermann/ The Secret Behind Pinterest’s Growth Was Marketing, Not Engineering, Says CEO Ben Silbermann]</ref><br />
<br />
===User Statistics===<br />
Though Pintrest has become popular among a variety of social groups, in 2012, it was reported that 80% of U.S. users were women. Users in the U.S. are aso more likely to be from Midwestern states. The average Pinterest users are ages 25 to 54, and although its main users are women, the site is attracting the interest of men, who now make up 28 percent of new members compared with 20 percent in January 2012.<ref name ="ref11"/><br />
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===Funding===<br />
Since the launch of Pinterest, the company has raised millions from investors, including [[Wikipedia:Andreessen_Horowitz|Andreessen Horowitz]], [[Wikipedia:Firstmark_Capital|FirstMark Capital]], and [[Wikipedia: Bessemer_Venture_Partners|Bessemer Venture Partners]].<ref name="ref10">[http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57435953-93/pinterest-pins-down-$100m-in-new-funding/ Pinterest pins down $100M in new]</ref> In October 2011, venture capital firm Andreesen Horowitz gave Pinterest $27 million in funding that increased the value the social media site to $200 million.<ref name="ref9">[http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/may/17/pinterest-valued-at-more-than-1bn/ Pinterest valued at more than $1bn after raising $100m funding]</ref> Pinterest received a $100 million investment from a group led by Japanese online retailer [[Wikipedia:Rakuten|Rakuten Inc.]], further increasing the value of the company, bringing its total value to $1.5 billion.<ref name="ref8">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/17/pinterest-funding_n_1523253.html/ Pinterest Funding]</ref><br />
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===Privacy===<br />
Users can browse any other users’ pins. Pinterest allows users to comment on or pin anything they desire, and visibility is not limited. On October 17, 2012, Pinterest announced that they had responded to the request for more privacy controls by adding new features. Now there is a flag icon on each user’s profile allowing anyone to block or report that individual’s profile for nudity or pornography, attacks on a group or individual, graphic violence, hateful speech or symbols, actively promotes self-harm, spam, or other. The block feature prevents users from the ability to follow each other’s boards, and to repin and comment on one another’s pins. The report user feature alerts the Community team to evaluate the account that has been reported. <ref name="ref18">[http://blog.pinterest.com/post/33785122869/announcing-blocking-more-controls/ Announcing Blocking & More Controls]</ref><br />
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[[File:pinterestpage.png|350px|thumb|right|Sample of a page]]<br />
[[File:pinterestcategory.png|200px|thumb|right|Categories]]<br />
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==Features==<br />
* '''Pins''': A pin is an image or video uploaded by the user, or taken from a website. A description can be added to the pin to explain or comment on if the purpose of the pin is not explicitly stated. If a pin is from an outside website, users can visit the website by clicking on the link located below each pin. There is direct user-to-user interaction when others “pin” your pictures onto their boards as a way of collecting pictures. <br />
* '''Boards''': Pinboards are unique to each user’s page. Users can create and freely name as many boards as they desire by clicking the “Add” button on the navigation bar located on the top right. A pinboard categorizes pins properly onto specific boards in order to help others find your pins.<br />
**'''Secret Boards:''' From late 2012, Pinterest introduced a new type of board which users can mark as 'Secret.' Secret boards are not shared with your followers and cannot be accessed by the public.<br />
* '''Comments''': Users can add comments to pins on their own boards or others' boards, even if the users do not follow on another. A comment can be added by clicking on the pin and typing in the comment box, or by hovering over the picture of the pin and clicking on "Comment." <br />
* '''Follow''': Users can follow other Pinterest members. There is the option to follow all of their boards, or individual boards that you like. Friends on Pinterest can be easily found through connecting to [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], and email accounts.<br />
* '''Sharing''': Pins can be shared on other social media websites such as on Twitter and Facebook by simple clicking share.<br />
* '''Bookmarklet''': This “Pin it” button can be added to a browser’s bookmarks bar. Pinterest suggests this feature be installed due to its result of simplistic and easy pinning. Once on a page including a picture you wish to pin, just clicking this "bookmark" opens a menu from which you can pick the image you want to pin.<br />
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==Usage==<br />
===Pinning===<br />
Pinning is the process of collecting pins and posting them and categorizing them onto boards. Members can pin any image from any website. There are three ways to pin.<br />
<br />
#The first way to pin is to upload an image to Pinterest straight from a file on your computer by clicking the “Add” button. This is a great option to share personal pictures, ones that are not already hosted on the web.<br />
#If a user stumbles upon an image found on another site, like a blog, rather than saving the image to one’s computer, and re-uploading it to Pinterest, there is the option to simply click the “Pin It” button that is installed. Clicking the “Pin It” button gives you the option to pin any of the images embedded on the webpage that you are currently visiting. The url of the original source of the images are automatically set into the link. <br />
#The third way to pin is to “repin” something that is already pinned. Browsing makes pinning simple. If one comes across an image of a photo that is desired on your board, one has the option to “repin” or “like” it, which gives you the option to share your likes, without having them pinned on your board. This like will be added to the “likes” section of your profile. Choosing “repin” cues the user to classify the pin to one of the user’s specific boards.<br />
<br />
It is an online bridge between the web and the real world. The site’s popularity is due to its simplicity. In general, it is all about ‘pinning’ things you find interesting across the web, and saving them in any ‘Board’ you like.<br />
<br />
===Pinterest Mobile Applications===<br />
[[File:120815074504-pinterest-mobile-apps-story-top.jpeg|300px|right|thumb|Pinterest Mobile Apps]]<br />
Pinterest has created apps for iPhone, iPad and [[Android]] that are available to download on the Pinterest website. The goal of these apps is to allow users to take Pinterest anywhere, so that users can pin, discover, and access information on the go.<ref name="ref20">[https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pinterest/id429047995?mt=8/ Pinterest for Iphone]</ref> Pinterest launched the iPhone app and Pinterest Mobile in September 2011 and in May 2012, they redesigned and updated the app.<ref name="ref21">[http://siliconangle.com/blog/2012/06/25/pinterest-to-launch-android-app-at-google-io-2012/ Pinterest to Launch Android App at Google I/O 2012?]</ref> On August 14, 2012, Pinterest announced that an iPad app and Android app is now developed and available for download.<ref name="ref22">[http://blog.pinterest.com/post/29392054155/introducing-pinterest-for-android-ipad-and-iphone/ Introducing Pinterest for Android, iPad and iPhone]</ref><br />
<br />
These apps allow users to do almost everything capable on the Pinterest website. The app displays easy and accessible icons for browsing pins of people that user’s are following, exploring various pins from various categories, capturing pictures and instantly pinning them, news with the user’s recent activity, and profile displaying pints, boards, likes, the number of followers, and people followed.<br />
<br />
Pinterest founder Ben Silberman [http://www.businessinsider.com/ben-silbermann-interview-pinterest-ceo-on-ipo-startups-2016-4 recently said] that the transition to phones has been one of the biggest ways the company has changed. It started out as a website and now about 80% of its usage is by phone, something he never could have imagined five years ago.<br />
<br />
==Pinterest for Business==<br />
Many businesses use Pinterest as a marketing tool. They are able to use the site to increase awareness of their business and to monitor traffic by looking at the number of followers or engagement measures of likes, repins, and comments.<ref name="ref15">[http://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/pinterest-contest/ 9 Businesses Using Pinterest Contests to Drive Traffic and Exposure]</ref> A number of companies such as [[Wikipedia:Procter_and_Gamble|Procter & Gamble]], [[Wikipedia:The_Wall_Street_Journal|The Wall Street Journal]], [[Wikipedia:Land%27s_End|Land’s End]], [[Etsy]], [[Ebay]], [[Wikipedia:Zappos|Zappos]], and [[Wikipedia: Whole_Foods_Market|Whole Foods Market]] use the social media platform for exposure to a large audience, attract new followers, engage with existing followers, increase visits to their websites, and generate sales.<ref name="ref16">[http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505124_162-57404630/pinterest-tightens-copyright-rules/ Pinterest tightens copyright rules]</ref><ref name="ref25">[http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57502559-93/with-pinpointing-zappos-hooks-up-pinterest-with-e-commerce/ With Pinpointing, Zappos hooks up Pinterest with e-commerce]</ref> Pinterest is a great source for consumer insights, allowing businesses to understand their audience, and what they are discussing and sharing. Companies can check out their competition, and compare their products and services.<ref name="ref24">[http://www.equities.com/news/news-headline-story?dt=2012-10-19&val=612380&d=1&cat=headline/ Pinterest Contests and Sweeps, Turbocharged by Tech: This Holiday Season, Brands rely on Pinfluencer Promotions Platform to manage Holiday Promotions on Pinterest]</ref> Many brands are using Pinterest as an advertising strategy in order to drive sales via images and displays.<ref name ="ref9"/><br />
<br />
===Promotions===<br />
Companies use Pinterest to promote their brands with contests and sweepstakes to improve user experience for their audience base. Companies like [[Wikipedia:Honda|Honda]], [[Wikipedia:Kotex|Kotex]], [[Wikipedia:Sephora|Sephora]], Gilt, [[Wikipedia:AMC_Theatres|AMC Theaters]], and [[Wikipedia:Victoria%27s_Secret|Victoria’s Secret]] have used Pinterest to connect with their audiences by offering giveaways.<ref name="ref23">[http://www.jplcreative.com/blog/index.php/2012/05/14/five-ways-pinterest-can-benefit-your-business/ Five Ways Pinterest Can Benefit Your Business]</ref> Contests allow brands to engage with consumers in a personal and cost effective way as well as to help collect customer information, preferences, and feedback.<ref name="ref15"/>. The great majority of the above companies cater to women much more so than to men. Because of this, Pintrest, with its high percentage of users being women, was a successful and appropriate outlet for such promotions. With this, the collected consumer information, preferences, and feedback were for an appropriate population of the companies' markets.<br />
<br />
===Marketing Tools===<br />
[[File:12.jpeg|300px|right|thumb|PinReach Sign Up Site.]]<br />
There are tools that have been developed after the quick popularity of Pinterest growth. These marketing tools provide users with ways to measure their efforts and make it simple to pin content to boards, share and track better on Pinterest. Businesses use Pinterest to their advantage as the site provides the insights that they need to measure and optimize their content and engagement efforts on Pinterest.<ref name="ref27">[http://socialmediaweek.org/blog/tag/pinpuff/ Getting Insights Into Your Pinterest Efforts]</ref><br />
<br />
* [http://www.pinreach.com/ PinReach] provides insight and analytics to assist users examine trends, and measure the success of the page. It allows users to see what their top five pins and boards are, and provides the number of pins, boards, likes, followers, likes, repins, and comments.<ref name ="ref27"/><br />
* [http://www.repinly.com/ Repinly] is a site that analyzes Pinterest users and content providing insights on popular content for pins and boards, how users spend their time, and most followed users.<ref name="ref29">[http://www.socialbrite.org/2012/06/27/5-tools-to-help-you-master-pinterest/ 5 tools to help you master Pinterest]</ref><br />
* [http://pinpuff.com/ PinPuff] is a site that allows users to explore social influence. It calculates a score and gives you the number on a scale of 1-100 that indicates a user’s “pinfluence” measuring popularity, influence, and activity. The site gives you suggestions of other users collecting similar content. This number can be used for marketing strategy for businesses and startups.<ref name ="ref27"/><br />
* [http://pinaquote.com/ Pin A Quote] allows users to easily pin any text found on the Internet.<ref name="ref28">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/26/pinterest-terms-of-service-update_n_1379486.html#slide=more217065/ Pinterest Terms of Service Get Updated]</ref><br />
* [http://www.reachli.com/landing Reachli] is an analytic tool that helps keep track of repins, and likes that pins are receiving. It has an easy-to-use dashboard interface for browsing and pinning.<ref name ="ref27"/> The site helps devise the best strategy for content to increase user’s sales and increase traffic.<ref name="ref31">[http://www.cypressnorth.com/blog/social-media/13-essential-tools-help-pin-share-track-better-pinterest/ 13 Essential Tools To Help Pin, Share & Track Better On Pinterest]</ref><br />
* [http://www.windowsphone.com/en-us/store/app/pinspiration/1492c1ba-490d-4078-a529-1054028bac4c Pinspiration] is an app developed for Pinterest users on Windows Phones.<ref name="ref28"/><br />
* [http://home.pintics.com/login Pintics] provides the tools needed to manage activity and sales and help track and optimize their Pinterest traffic.<ref name ="ref27"/><br />
* [http://pinalerts.com/index/login PinAlerts] is a site that alerts users via email when someone pins an image from their website onto Pinterest.<ref name="ref30">[http://kleinconsult.net/2012/09/28/8-tools-for-managing-and-monitoring-pinterest/ 8 Tools for Marketers Using Pinterest]</ref><br />
* [http://www.pinalyzer.com/ Pinalyzer] is a service that suggest to users pins and people to follow based on analyzing the user’s followers and following people.<ref name ="ref30"/><br />
* [http://www.pinwords.com/ Pinwords] allows a caption, description, or text to be added to an image instantly before it is pinned to Pinterest.<ref name ="ref31"/><br />
* [https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/pin-search--image-search-/okiaciimfpgbpdhnfdllhdkicpmdoakm Pin Search] is a tool for Chrome that allows you to find the original source, or similar images of the pinned image.<ref name ="ref31"/><br />
* [https://itunes.apple.com/app/id544081731 PinDown] is an application which allows users to download multiple pictures at once from their Pinterest account.<ref name="ref32">[http://download.cnet.com/PinDown-for-Pinterest/3000-12511_4-75760861.html/ Pin Down for Pinterest]</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Copyright Issues===<br />
There have been many copyright concerns since the founding of Pinterest. Unfortunately, many users do not know if they are at risk for infringing copyright laws. The issue at heart is that Pinterest’s social network model is based upon users linking to any image found on the Internet. Many of the images that are uploaded are copyrighted. Since users pin texts or pictures onto their profiles without the permission of the copyright holder, this is an infringement of copyright law. <br />
<br />
To combat copyright infringement, Pinterest has implemented their own Copyright Policy that is in accordance with the [[Wikipedia: Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act|Digital Millennium Copyright Act]], which is provided in their Terms of Service. Under the Pinterest Copyright Policy, “Pinterest respects the intellectual property rights of others and expects its users to do the same.”<ref name = "refcopy">[http://pinterest.com/about/copyright/ Pinterest Copyright & Trademark ]</ref> With the policy, at its discretion, Pinterest may disable or terminate accounts that are repeatedly charged with infringement issues. Pinterest also has a protocol employed for copyright owners who would like to report copyright infringement within Pinterest, which includes writing to Pinterest and identifying the copyrighted work and the subject who infringed the copyright. When Pinterest complies with a copyright complaint, the pin and its content is removed from Pinterest.<br />
<br />
Pinterest has attempted to comply with websites that do not want their content to appear on the site. They have implemented a "nopin" meta-tag that websites can put into their HTML codes that prevents users from pinning images that appear on that website. If a user tries to pin an image from a website that has the "nopin" meta-tag in place, the user will see a message that says "This site doesn't allow Pinning to Pinterest. Please contact the owner with any questions. Thanks for visiting!"<ref>[https://help.pinterest.com/en/articles/prevent-pinning-your-site Prevent Pinning from your site]</ref><br />
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===Censorship===<br />
The Pinterest website describes the process of picture content removal if a user receives an excessive amount of copyright infringement notices: <br />
<br />
{{Quotation| If you receive a notification that a Pin has been removed due a copyright complaint, it means that the Pin’s content has been deleted from Pinterest at the request of the content’s owner. If your account receives too many copyright complaints, you may lose the ability to Pin new content on Pinterest, and your account may be disabled completely.<ref name = "refcopy"/>}}<br />
<br />
In a scenario where the user was not posting copyrighted material but was still asked to remove their content, the scenario reflects [[censorship]] by Pinterest. With digital editing materials available to users, it is hard to decipher the origin of pictures and other online material. Thus, it is hard to say who originally created or posted pictures, and the removal of pictures that do not infringe upon copyright laws could be described as censorship.<br />
<br />
Opponents believe stricter guidelines should be implemented with regards to properly citing or adding a source to the picture. Many pins have links attached to direct the viewer to the correct page, but if they have been screenshots or downloads there should be an option to add details regarding the origin of the picture.<br />
<br />
=== PinDown ===<br />
Pindown is an application which allows users to download multiple images at once from their Pinterest board. This can possibly promote the idea of copyright infringement, as they could download an image, and post it elsewhere. Because they did not actively search for the image to download it, they may not even know where it originated, and cannot give credit.<br />
<br />
Another concern is the idea that some may not want their work to be shared on Pinterest, but are not given the option as the number of members submitting is too great.<br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
[[File:pinterestaward.png|200px|right|thumb|Pinterest Wins Best Startup]]<br />
Pinterest won the Crunchies 2011 fifth annual competition award for Best New Startup of 2011. Hosted by GigaOm, VentureBeat, and TechCrunch, the Internet community is invited to choose the winner.<ref name="ref14">[http://crunchies2011.techcrunch.com/about/ The Crunchies Awards 2011]</ref><br />
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At South by Southwest Interactive 15th Annual Awards, Pinterest won the award for best Breakout Digital Trend 2012.<ref name="ref12">[http://sxsw.com/interactive/awards/winners/ SXSW Interactive Awards]</ref><br />
<br />
At the 2012 Webby Awards, Pinterest won awards for Best Social Media App and People’s Voice Winner in Best Visual Design Function.<ref name="ref13">[http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/current.php?season=16/ The Webby Awards]</ref><br />
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==Competition==<br />
Some competitors of Pinterest include: [http://www.thefancy.com/ Fancy], [https://bo.lt/app/explore/ Bo.lt], [http://www.clipix.com/ Clipix], [http://www.wookmark.com/ Woodmark], [http://swell.stylehatch.co/ Swell for Tumblr], [http://www.friendsheet.com/ Friendsheet], [http://www.pixable.com/ Pixable], and [http://www.hunuku.com/ Hunuku], [http://www.trippy.com/ Trippy]. All of these sites are some variation of social service for photo-clipping, which allows users to capture, share, and organize anything on the web.<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<div style="clear: both; margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F0F8FF"><br />
*[[Facebook]]<br />
*[[Twitter]]<br />
*[[Instagram]]<br />
*[[Social Networking]]<br />
*[[StumbleUpon]]<br />
*[[Etsy]]<br />
*[[Ebay]]<br />
*[[Tumblr]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<div style="clear: both; margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F0F8FF"><br />
*[http://www.thefancy.com/ Fancy]<br />
*[https://bo.lt/app/explore/ Bo.lt]<br />
*[http://www.clipix.com/ Clipix]<br />
*[http://www.wookmark.com/ Woodmark]<br />
*[http://swell.stylehatch.co/ Swell for Tumblr]<br />
*[http://www.friendsheet.com/ Friendsheet]<br />
*[http://www.pixable.com/ Pixable] <br />
*[http://www.hunuku.com/ Hunuku]<br />
*[http://www.trippy.com/ Trippy]<br />
*[http://crunchies2011.techcrunch.com/ Crunchies 2011]<br />
*[http://www.pinreach.com/ PinReach]<br />
*[http://www.repinly.com/ Repinly]<br />
*[http://pinpuff.com/ PinPuff]<br />
*[http://pinaquote.com/ Pin A Quote]<br />
*[http://www.pinerly.com/landing Pinerly]<br />
*[http://www.windowsphone.com/en-us/store/app/pinspiration/1492c1ba-490d-4078-a529-1054028bac4c Pinspiration]<br />
*[http://home.pintics.com/login Pintics]<br />
*[http://pinalerts.com/index/login PinAlerts]<br />
*[http://www.pinalyzer.com/ Pinalyzer]<br />
*[http://www.pinwords.com/ Pinwords]<br />
*[https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/pin-search--image-search-/okiaciimfpgbpdhnfdllhdkicpmdoakm Pin Search]<br />
*[http://pinterest.com/about/copyright/ Copyright Complaint Form]<br />
*[http://pinterest.com/about/terms/ Terms of Service]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div style="clear: both; margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F0F8FF"><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
[[Category:Social Networking]]<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category: Media Content]]<br />
[[Category:Corporations]]<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=EBay&diff=56740EBay2016-04-16T20:17:44Z<p>Averyw: /* Ethical Implications */</p>
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<br><br />
'''{{Initial|e}}Bay''' is an online auction and shopping environment where people can buy and sell a variety of items worldwide. It was founded in 1995 with the intention of connecting a diverse and passionate community of individual buyers, sellers, and small business owners. Both new and used items are available for purchase through auction or more directly with the "Buy it now" feature. A wide variety of items are available in many different categories including fashion, motors, and electronics. Because of eBay's relatively hands-off approach moderating auctions, there have been several instances of copyright infringement as well as trademark infringement violations, adding a new dimension to the ethical debate on copyright.<br />
<br />
[[File:ebayhp.png|thumb|eBay's homepage.]]<br />
==History==<br />
eBay was founded in San Jose, in Pierre Omidyar's living room in September 1995. Omidyar wanted to create a marketplace for the sale of goods and services for individuals. He created a site called "AuctionWeb", on his home computer. The first item ever sold was Omidyar's broken laser pointer, which sold for $14.83. <ref>[http://ebay.about.com/od/ebaylifestyle/a/el_history.htm]</ref>This sale confirmed Omidyar's belief that he could create a successful auction site. Later in the year, he hired Chris Agarpao as his first employee to manage the site's operations. By forging partnerships with name brands such as [[Wikipedia:GM|GM]], [[Wikipedia:Disney|Disney]] and Sun, eBay has managed to continue growing and being successful. <ref name="ebayHistory">[http://pages.cs.brandeis.edu/~magnus/ief248a/eBay/history.html Gomes-Casseres,Ben (2001). “The History of eBay”]</ref> As of 2010 the total value of goods sold on eBay was $62 Billion or about $2000 every second.<br />
<br />
In 1996, Omidyar hired Jeff Skoll and quit his job at General Magic. By the end of 1996, the site had approximately 41,000 users and had a gross merchandise volume of $7.2 million.<br />
<br />
In 1997, AuctionWeb officially became eBay and held more than 200,000 monthly auctions. Also in this year, feedback stars are created in order to give sellers a rating that buyers can use to judge whether they trust the seller or not. By the end of this year, the site had approximately 341,000 users and had a gross merchandise volume of $95 million.<br />
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In 1998, Pierre and his cofounder Jeff Skoll brought in Meg Whitman to sustain the success. Meg had studied at the [[Wikipedia:Harvard Business School|Harvard Business School]] and had learned the importance of branding at companies such as Hasbro. Meg culled her senior staff from companies such as Pepsico and Disney, created an experienced management team with an average of 20 years of business experience and built a strong vision for the company -- that eBay is a company that is in the business of connecting people, not selling them things. They quickly shed the image of only auctioning collectibles and moved into an array of upscale markets. Also in this year, eBay created the eBay Foundation in order to help several national charities. In September, eBay listed shares on NASDAQ, showing the decision for the company to go public. By the end of 1998, customers now had access to the "My eBay" page and the company had 2.1 million users and a gross merchandise volume of $700 million.<br />
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In 1999, the first international eBay sites hit the internet in Australia, United Kingdom, and Germany.<br />
<br />
By 2000, eBay became the top e-commerce site in the world and introduced more international sites in Taiwan, Austria, Canada, and France.<br />
<br />
In 2008, eBay released their iPhone app to allow users to have an efficient way of using their site while using their mobile phone. <br />
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In 2009, eBay retains 30% of Skype after selling it to investors.<br />
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In 2010, Garden is debuted allow proactive users to try out new site innovations before they are published.<br />
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In 2011, Ethisphere Institure considered eBay one of the the most ethical companies in the world. eBay also introduces X.commerce, the world’s first open commerce ecosystem.<ref>http://www.ebayinc.com/history</ref><br />
<br />
===Acquisitions===<br />
In 2002, 33% of China's e-commerce site EachNet was acquired by eBay. In 2004, eBay acquired the Netherlands's Marktplaats.nl, India's Baazee.com, and Germany's mobile.de. In 2005, eBay acquired advertising site, Gumtree, communications company, Skype, and Shopping.com. eBay acquire's Sweden's Tradera. In 2007, eBay aquires StubHub. In 2008, eBay aquires Bill Me Later, Den Bla Avis, and BilBasen. In 2009, eBay creates dailydeal and acquires Korea's Gmarket. In 2010, eBay acquires Milo.com and Critical Path. In 2011, Germany's brands4friends is aqcuired along with gsi commerce, Magneto and Hunch. It also acquired most of the shares of GittiGidyor.<ref>http://www.ebayinc.com/history</ref><br />
<br />
==Types of Listings==<br />
There are a few main types of auctions that are available to buyers and sellers:<br />
* Auction-style listings: The seller sets the starting price, and potential buyers are able to bid up until the end of the auction. The bidder with the highest bid will win the item. Sellers are also able to impose a reserve price, which is a price that needs to be reached in order for the item to sell.<br />
* Fixed-price listings: A seller may choose to make a "Buy it Now" price, in which the buyer pays the fixed price and the auction ends immediately.<br />
* Auction-style with fixed-price option: Auctions typically run for several days. This option allows a buyer to "Buy it Now" in order to immediately end the auction, this option is taken away when the first bid is placed, however. Once the first bid is placed, it continues for the duration of the auction period in the auction style.<br />
* Fixed-price listings with best offer: A seller may choose to add a "Best Offer" option along with the "Buy it Now" price. The seller has the opportunity to review potential buyers' offers before selling the item and ending the auction.<br />
<br />
===Prohibited and Restricted Items===<br />
Under the Rules & Policies section on ebay's website, they have a tab entitled Prohibited and Restricted Items. Amongst the fifty-plus types of items named, each item is linked to a page describing the particular reasoning for why it cannot be sold and/or if there are particular specifications of how it can be sold. Some examples of the prohibited items are drugs and drug paraphernalia, firearms, weapons, knives, human remains and body parts, and prescription medications. Less evident items are also listed, such as used clothing, use cosmetics, and gift cards. However, upon clicking on these items ebay goes on to explain that only certain forms of these items are prohibited and explains which types and why. Under the Prohibited and Restricted Items tab, ebay also leaves instructions for users who believe they have identified an item that violates ebay's policies to notify ebay. This is done by clicking on the Report Item link on the listing. <ref>[http://pages.ebay.com/help/policies/items-ov.html#prohibited Prohibited and Restricted Items]</ref><br />
<br />
==eBay Companies==<br />
===eBay Classifieds===<br />
In June 2007, Kijiji.com, meaning "villiage" in Swahili, was created to serve as an online classifieds site. The name was later changed to eBay Classifieds to associate it with the success of eBay. In 2004, the site went international. Today, the site team is based in San Jose, California and is available in 272 areas in the United States. The site draws in unique site visits in the millions, monthly and has had over a billion views since the site's debut. Each month, more than 150,000 classifieds are posted by users across the world.<ref>[http://www.ebayclassifieds.com/m/About]</ref><br />
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===Shopping.com===<br />
[[File:Shopping-com-mini.jpeg|150px|right|thumb|Shopping.com Logo]]<br />
Started with the name DealTime.com in 1998, eBay created [[Wikipedia:Shopping.com|Shopping.com]] in order to provide a price-comparison service for consumers. The site offers an abundant amount of products from top brands and online stores. In order to give users the best experience as possible, the site allows users to find the products they are looking for by using usable, time efficient, and engaging search tools. The site also features seller and product reviews by real customers of Shopping.com <ref>[http://www.shopping.com/sc/about]</ref><br />
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===Half.com===<br />
In 1999, Josh Kopelman and Sunny Balijepali created [[Wikipedia:Half.com|Half.com]] . In December 1999, in order to gain more notoriety for the site, the site paid $100,000 and 20 brand new computers to the town of Halfway, Oregon to change its name for a year to Half.com, Oregon. In 2000, eBay bought the company for approximately $350 million. At one time, eBay wanted to mesh Half.com into eBay.com, but ultimately decided against it. <br />
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Half.com sells books, movies, games, and music at a fixed priced, rather than at auction. If a posted item is sold, the seller must give a percentage commission to Half.com: 15%, 12.5%, 10%, 7.5% or 5% if the price is less than or equal to $50, $50 to $100, $100 to $250, $250 to $500, or $500+, respectively. The seller is solely responsible for the shipping of his/her item and must ship the item within three business days of the sale.<br />
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===PayPal===<br />
Paypal provide internet users a safe and fast platform to pay, transfer, get paid, and sell online. Founded in December 1998, [[Wikipedia:PayPal.com|PayPal.com]] gained its popularity through increasing trust by their customers and slowly became the international leading online payment company. With around 117 million active accounts in 190 markets and 25 currencies, PayPal made it possible for people to transfer money internationally without paying a huge amount of transaction fees. As one of the companies under eBay, PayPal acts as the main online payment website allowing online vendors and small business to process orders and other online transactions.<br />
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===StubHub===<br />
Founded in 2000, [[Wikipedia:StubHub|StubHub]] is a eBay company providing internet users to sell and buy a wide varieties of sport, theater, and concert tickets. With an additional Fan Service page, StubHub offers exclusive services for its customers including Fan Rewards, Price Alerts, Event Packages, Last Minute Services, Deals, and Friends Invite.<br />
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==Trust==<br />
<br />
===Customer Ratings===<br />
[[File:Ebaydsr.jpg|thumb|right|eBay feedback for sellers is shown here through detailed seller ratings. Sellers are graded based on their performance.]]<br />
To determine the reliability of a seller, the buyer looks at the seller's rating, an indication of the reputation of a particular seller. Seller ratings are based on feedback provided by the buyer of an item based on several criteria. Starting price, communication skills, shipping cost, and handling time are a few factors that get taken into account when calculating seller ratings. Buyers leave feedback after transaction, on the basis of a positive, neutral, or negative experience. Furthermore, each individual category can get ranked from zero to five stars, five being the best and zero being the worst. Sellers can get different colored stars based on the number of positive ratings they have received, which shows potential buyers how reputable they are. You are able to be termed a "Power Seller" when you have a certain number of positive ratings, all above 4.5 stars. Buyers also receive ratings from sellers based on the quickness of payment, number of retracted bids, etc. While buyer ratings do not prevent sellers from selling a user their items, the feedback is calculated into one average rating, independent of whether a user was a buyer or a seller. Buyers typically are extremely cautious about purchasing an item from a seller with a low rating because of lack of consistency. It is in this way that eBay creates a sense of collective knowledge and community. Members receive +1 point for each positive rating, 0 points for each neutral rating, -1 point for each negative rating. eBay has implemented a star-rating system representing total points ranging from a yellow star (for a feedback score between 10-49) to a silver shooting star for a rating over 1,000,000.<ref>[http://pages.ebay.com/help/feedback/scores-reputation.html Feedback scores, stars, and your reputation]</ref><br />
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===PayPal===<br />
[[File:Paypal.jpg|thumb|left|PayPal is the leading payment processor on the internet.]]<br />
[[Wikipedia:PayPal|PayPal]] is a system that allows for electronic transfers of money and payments across the Internet. In 2002, eBay acquired PayPal for $1.5 billion dollars. For most transactions on eBay, PayPal acts as a third party between the buyer and seller that holds the payment from the buyer until the buyer receives the merchandise from the seller. PayPal has quickly become the payment method of choice among eBay users because of the security it offers. With the help of PayPal, eBay has implemented a number of payment safety features to ensure that customers on eBay are not taken advantage of. Using their proprietary fraud technology, PayPal automatically flags transactions that it thinks are suspicious. If a buyer on eBay pays with PayPal and is scammed or taken advantage by another user, PayPal often reimburses the buyer.<br />
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==Ethical Implications==<br />
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===Counterfeit Products===<br />
Some of the ethical issues on eBay include the buying and selling of counterfeit and [[Digital Piracy|pirated]] items, [[Online Identity Theft|online identity theft]], buyers not paying for items that they win, and sellers not sending items that a buyer has paid for. "The selling of pirated and counterfeit items is a big problem on eBay, particularly regarding computer products, collectibles, and designer watches, jewelry and clothing." <ref name="vigilantes">[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DXK/is_16_20/ai_108967481/ Goldsborough, Reid (2003). “Fighting Back Against Online Auction Fraud - Personal Computing”]</ref> In recent years, eBay has implemented rules and a solution system to solve many of these problems, but it is impossible to control the exchange of counterfeit goods, especially when some buyers are unaware of particularities of brands that make them legitimate product. Sellers of fake product usually sell the items at slightly under normal retail value to move the product but also create immense profit. Some Internet users do not feel comfortable buying or selling on eBay because of the aforementioned reasons.<br />
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===False Item Description===<br />
Often times sellers on eBay will falsify or embellish item descriptions. Common examples include stating an item is brand new when it is in fact used, or selling counterfeit products as real. Furthermore pictures may not be representative of the actual item. In recent years, eBay has tried to crack down on false items descriptions by allowing users to report sellers and by auditing auctions randomly. eBay provides a Help Center for its users which includes information on how to look out for fake items and false item descriptions by sellers. [3]<br />
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===Privacy===<br />
Registered users on eBay can create their own usernames and passwords. Credit card information, as well as bank account numbers are stored by eBay. When you purchase an item on eBay, you must provide a shipping address and agree to a payment method with the seller. In 2003, eBay experienced issues regarding privacy issues. The problem was eBay's "two-tiered" privacy system. When one looked deeper into the fine print surrounding the privacy policy, it was found that the policy states that eBay will turn over a user's private information at its own discretion and "without a warrant or subpoena." Ebay was also accused of not telling its customers that their e-mail addresses might be used by other websites to spam them. Ebay also admitted that "despite efforts to protect data online at the Web site, there is a substantial risk to any private and financial information registered on eBay."<ref>http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/80571/Update_EBay_Amazon_hit_with_complaints_from_privacy_groups</ref><br />
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===Feedback===<br />
Another ethical issue in eBay environment is when users leave negative feedback for a seller and negatively affect a sellers rating. This is known as feedback abuse and brings about an issue that is created because of the online anonymity which eBay as a store provides. Feedback is a key tool in creating a positive name for a user in the online environment. When that reputation is tarnished by negative feedback, buyers will often refrain from purchasing items from that seller. Leaving negative or neutral feedback is a large issue as eBay may actually restrict a seller's ability to sell items. Also, eBay users have sued for libel and defamation due to comments left when leaving feedback. eBay suggests using factual information when leaving feedback to avoid these issues. <ref> http://reviews.ebay.com/Removing-Negative-Feedback-on-Ebay?ugid=10000000012401440</ref><br />
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Some users threaten sellers with negative feedback to force them to offer discounts, payment for taxes/duties or free items. Sellers have to comply or suffer negative feedback. Although feedback extortion is against eBay's policies and it can be reported, there have been many cases where eBay still sides with the buyer. <ref>Steiner, Ina. [http://letters.auctionbytes.com/cgi-bin/blog/blog.pl?/pl/2010/3/1269819073.html eBay Allows Feedback Extortion.] ''eCommerce Bytes.'' 2010-03-28. Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> <ref>Steiner, Ina. [http://letters.auctionbytes.com/cgi-bin/blog/blog.pl?/pl/2010/8/1283029947.html eBay Feedback Extortion Policy Redefines Extortion.] ''eCommerce Bytes.'' 2010-08-28. Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> Sellers also can no longer retaliate and leave buyers negative feedback; they only have the option of leaving positive feedback or no feedback.<ref>Hansell, Saul. [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/01/29/sellers-give-negative-feedback-on-ebay-changes/?ref=technology "Sellers Give Negative Feedback on eBay Changes."] ''The New York Times.'' 2008-01-29. Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref><br />
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===Shill bidding===<br />
[[Wikipedia:Shill bidding|Shill Bidding]] is major concern for buyers and against eBay's policies. Shill bidding is defined as when someone, usually someone the seller knows or the seller himself/herself, "bids on an item with the intent to artificially increase its price or desirability" <ref>[http://pages.ebay.com/help/policies/seller-shill-bidding.html Shill bidding policy] ''eBay Policy.'' Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> Sellers shill bid for a couple reasons. The most common reason is to raise the price in order to increase one's profit. Shill bidders argue that buyers are not harmed with shill bidding since it is their own decision whether or not to bid on the item at the price it is at. Another reason why sellers shill bid is to avoid eBay fees for setting reserves. Shill bidding is strictly prohibited at eBay.com<ref>http://pages.ebay.com/help/policies/seller-shill-bidding.html</ref>, but they have recently criticized for not doing enough to stop the problem. Ebay themselves claim that they are doing what they can to combat the fraudulent bidding process. Brian Burke, senior director on eBay's trust and safety team, claims "We have a lot of back-end algorithms that look for account linking... It's pretty high risk for an [established] seller to shill bid because it's one strike and your out. As you can imagine, it's not something we tolerate."<ref>http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/07/10/ebay_and_shill_bidding/</ref><br />
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===Sniping===<br />
Sniping is a commonly practiced bidding tactic on eBay. Snipers, users who practice sniping, wait until the last minute or even couple seconds to place their maximum bid. Bidding extremely late is beneficial to buyers, as early bids are beneficial to sellers as they generate interest in the item. However sniping can unfavorably affect both the seller and buyers. For the seller, the item often sold at a lower price since there are less bids and usually less interest. Buyers do not appreciate sniping because it is not in the spirit of auctions. Also, bids placed by snipers often cannot be evaluated and countered by other buyers since little time left in remains in the auction. Sniping is not against eBay's policies and it actually recognized as "part of the eBay experience" <ref>[http://pages.ebay.com/help/buy/outbid.html Getting outbid.] ''eBay Policies.'' Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> To counter sniping, auction time is often extended when a bid is placed. This system is common to many online auction sites.<ref>https://support.flippa.com/entries/21899131-why-are-auctions-extended-near-the-end</ref><br />
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===Vigilantes===<br />
eBay Vigilantes have tried to take matters into there own hands by coming up with their own ways to fight against eBay criminals. "The most common tactics used by vigilantes are sending warning messages to bidders in what they believe is a scam auction, placing and then retracting a bid so they can warn others with a message that becomes part of the auction about why they retracted their bid, and creating a throw-away account so they can place winning bids and leave negative feedback without getting hurt by receiving negative feedback in return." <ref name ="vigilantes"/><br />
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===Tiffany & Co. Lawsuit===<br />
[[File:Faketiff.jpg|thumb|right|Fake Tiffany jewelry being sold on eBay.]]<br />
eBay has been in a number of legal battles but one of the more prevalent ones involved the sale of counterfeit [[Wikipedia:Tiffany & Co|Tiffany & Co.]] products on eBay. It has been a major issue of concern for Tiffany & Co, so they decided to take action. "Earlier this year, the famous jeweler secretly purchased about 200 items from eBay and inspected them for authenticity. Three-quarters were obvious fakes, Tiffany said. That's an erosion of brand equity that Tiffany just couldn't stomach. The jeweler filed suit." <ref name="tiffany">Sullivan, Bob (2004). “EBay fights its toughest legal battle:<br />
Tiffany lawsuit puts 'hands off' approach to the test”. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6030048/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/ebay-fights-its-toughest-legal-battle/#.Tu4rOiPuZ4U</ref> This is a major legal battle for many online companies similarly handling merchandise from users, because the companies could use the precedence of this case to make a case for themselves. eBay has always used a "hands off" approach in governing their site, often arguing that "We are a marketplace. We are not a retailer. We don't own any of these products. We don't take possession of them." <ref name ="tiffany"/><br />
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===Automatic Bidding===<br />
There is an option on eBay to have the system bid for you. The program, aptly called Automatic Bidding, allows you to enter the highest amount you would want to pay for an item. Then, as others bid against you, the program will incrementally outbid them until the maximum price entered by the user is reached.<ref>http://pages.ebay.com/help/buy/automatic-bidding.html</ref> Many users have found the system to be unfair as they thought they had entered a winning bid but only moments later found out a computer program had raised the bid even higher. The feature takes away the auction aspect of eBay and becomes more of a silent auction system.<br />
<br />
===2014 Hack===<br />
In May of 2014, 145 million eBay accounts were hacked. Users personal data was accessed including names, addresses, account passwords, email addresses, phone numbers and birthdates. Millions of users changed their passwords in response to the hack but some were too little too late. Luckily PayPay, which includes payment information, was untouched by the hack because it is kept on a separate network.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[http://ebay.com eBay's Website]<br />
*[http://www.shopping.com Shopping.com official Website]<br />
*[http://www.half.ebay.com Half.com Official Website]<br />
*[https://www.paypal.com/home Paypal's Website]<br />
*[http://www.stubhub.com StubHub's Website]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category: Websites]] [[Category: Corporations]] [[Category: Services]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Facebook-avatar.jpg&diff=56461File:Facebook-avatar.jpg2016-04-07T18:58:32Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Talk:Micah_Beller&diff=56354Talk:Micah Beller2016-04-01T18:52:58Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>Comment #1:<br />
Micah, I really enjoyed reading about your experience on Facebook over the years; it encouraged me to reflect on how much differently I use the platform now compared to when when I first joined. The notion that you subtly express about how your behavior and persona on the site gradually changed over time was interesting insofar as how it addressed the question of how and to what degree this took place naturally as you matured or as a result of having an increasing number of digital interactions and a growing online presence -- both on Facebook and elsewhere. The central question you explore in the text is that surrounding how, why, and what possible long-term effects could stem from neglecting to “align” the variety of avatars that exist of you found scattered throughout your Facebook history. This is an extremely profound line of thought and one that I fear not many people care to consider, thinking that just because the content isn’t readily visible, it’s not accessible, which as we both know happens to be a serious misconception. The “Top Posts by Year” section was a creative idea and really brings into focus the steadily expanding social connections and experiences you accumulated over the past nine years. Your avatar summary was nicely constructed, void of any serious grammatical or typographical errors, and displayed plenty of forethought and reflection about your experience on the site. My one recommendation for improving the overall feel and impact conveyed by your avatar would be to stray slightly more into the ethical implications that your decisions while using the platform might have had on you in the past, presently, and into the future. All in all, great work!<br />
<br />
----<br />
Comment #2:<br />
Hi Micah,<br />
<br />
You did a really great job on this assignment! I completely agree with your introduction. I too see some of the things I posted on Facebook and can't understand why I ever felt the need to post them. These posts are hilarious to look at now but also embarrassing at the same time. It's pretty cool they we get to go back and look at these posts. It's a glimpse into a past life. This assignment also forced us to do some digging that we might not have otherwise done. I especially liked the 'To Delete, or Not To Delete?' I was a really great addition. Also, great use of images. It gives readers a really nice visual of your Facebook activity. <br />
<br />
You gave a lot of reflections on your Facebook experiences, which was great, but I think it might also be worthwhile to discuss some of the bigger picture ethical implications of Facebook. Maybe discuss the dangers of things being on the internet? It's great that you want your grandkids to see this stuff, but what if you have stuff online that you didn't want people to see generations from now? I also think it would be cool to discuss some your social interactions of Facebook and what those implications could be. How has that experience been, what is missing and is there anything that could be improved? With a few changes you can definitely take this to the next level. <br />
<br />
Good job!<br />
<br />
-Avery</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Talk:Micah_Beller&diff=56352Talk:Micah Beller2016-04-01T18:51:32Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>Comment #1:<br />
Micah, I really enjoyed reading about your experience on Facebook over the years; it encouraged me to reflect on how much differently I use the platform now compared to when when I first joined. The notion that you subtly express about how your behavior and persona on the site gradually changed over time was interesting insofar as how it addressed the question of how and to what degree this took place naturally as you matured or as a result of having an increasing number of digital interactions and a growing online presence -- both on Facebook and elsewhere. The central question you explore in the text is that surrounding how, why, and what possible long-term effects could stem from neglecting to “align” the variety of avatars that exist of you found scattered throughout your Facebook history. This is an extremely profound line of thought and one that I fear not many people care to consider, thinking that just because the content isn’t readily visible, it’s not accessible, which as we both know happens to be a serious misconception. The “Top Posts by Year” section was a creative idea and really brings into focus the steadily expanding social connections and experiences you accumulated over the past nine years. Your avatar summary was nicely constructed, void of any serious grammatical or typographical errors, and displayed plenty of forethought and reflection about your experience on the site. My one recommendation for improving the overall feel and impact conveyed by your avatar would be to stray slightly more into the ethical implications that your decisions while using the platform might have had on you in the past, presently, and into the future. All in all, great work!<br />
<br />
----<br />
Comment #2:<br />
Hi Micah,<br />
You did a really great job on this assignment! I completely agree with your introduction. I too see some of the things I posted on Facebook and can't understand why I ever felt the need to post them. These posts are hilarious to look at now but also embarrassing at the same time. It's pretty cool they we get to go back and look at these posts. It's a glimpse into a past life. This assignment also forced us to do some digging that we might not have otherwise done. I especially liked the 'To Delete, or Not To Delete?' I was a really great addition. Also, great use of images. It gives readers a really nice visual of your Facebook activity. You gave a lot of reflections on your Facebook experiences, which was great, but I think it might also be worthwhile to discuss some of the bigger picture ethical implications of Facebook. Maybe discuss the dangers of things being on the internet? It's great that you want your grandkids to see this stuff, but what if you have stuff online that you didn't want people to see generations from now? I also think it would be cool to discuss some your social interactions of Facebook and what those implications could be. How has that experience been, what is missing and is there anything that could be improved? With a few changes you can definitely take this to the next level. Good job!</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Talk:Joanna_Warrick&diff=56350Talk:Joanna Warrick2016-04-01T18:27:56Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>Comment #1: <br />
Hi Joanna,<br />
<br />
I really enjoyed reading your avatar autobiography. Your arguments were clear and thoughtful. You also chose an interesting approach to the assignment by including an introduction and a conclusion. It organized your thoughts very well. I especially liked how personal you made it. The part about your cousin was a great example and supported your arguments. <br />
<br />
From first glance I noticed your lack of images. I understand you are not an avid Facebook user but I think it would be beneficial to include a picture of your Facebook profile and potentially your profile picture. I think it will give readers a deeper understanding and a better visual. If for whatever reason you may not feel comfortable posting these pictures perhaps explain why and find another graphic to use just to make a little more visually pleasing.<br />
<br />
It might be interesting to explore why you have chosen not to deactivate your Facebook account after all these years. You clearly see plenty of problems with Facebook and acknowledge the artificial relationships it creates. So why have you chosen to stay? What is keeping you? Are there societal pressures to have a Facebook account even if you don't agree with the principles and barely use it? I think this could supplement your ideas very nicely. <br />
<br />
Great job!<br />
<br />
- Avery<br />
<br />
<br />
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Comment #2:</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Instagram&diff=56169Instagram2016-03-29T00:28:54Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div>{{Nav-Bar|Topics#F}}<br><br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=560<br />
|NAME=Instagram<br />
|LOGO=icon.jpeg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=icon2.png<br />
|CAPTION=Official App Icon<br />
|IMAGEURL=<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|PLATFORM=Cloud Service<br>[[iOS]]<br>[[Android]] <br />
|PRODUCT=Instagram<br />
|TYPE=Photo Sharing Service <br />
|SITEURL=http://instagram.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.instagram.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=December 8, 2010 <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instagram Wikipedia: Intagram]</ref><br />
}}<br />
{{initial|I}}'''nstagram''' is a free [[Social Networking|social networking]] and photo sharing application designed to make innovative photo sharing quick and easy. It allows users to take pictures, apply a filter or blur features, then share it with all connected users on Instagram as well as other social networks. Instagram confines the photos to square shapes reminiscent of Kodak and Polaroid images, compared to the more normal rectangular shape of mobile device cameras. Originally, Instagram was only supported by the iPhone, iPod, and iPad accessed through the iTunes App Store. However, in 2012, Instagram added support for the [[Android]] Camera phones running 2.2 or higher through [[Google]] Play.<ref>[http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/03/instagram-android-download-now-available/ Instagram Comes to Android, Available to Download Now]</ref> After rocketing 30 million [[iOS]] users, it won Apple's app of the year in 2011. Currently, the app has over 50 million registered users. In April of 2012, [[Facebook]] made an offer to purchase Instagram for around $1 billion in cash and stock with the deal finally closing on September 5th, 2012.<ref>[http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/04/09/facebook-buys-instagram-for-1-billion Facebook Buys Instagram for $1 Billion]</ref> With its success comes ethical issues; these include privacy, professional photographers, and nudity.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
===Creation===<br />
Instagram development began in San Francisco in early 2010 when [[Wikipedia:Kevin Systrom|Kevin Systrom]], CEO and co-founder, left his job in marketing at NextStop to pursue his side project Burbn. He had been working on programming a prototype in basic [[Wikipedia:HTML5|HTML5]] in his off time, trying to combine elements of [[Wikipedia:FourSquare|FourSquare]] and Mafia Wars. Mike Krieger was a former classmate of Systrom’s and thought the project had potential so he joined on with Systrom in early 2010. Together, the pair raised $500k from investors Andreessen Horowitz and Baseline Ventures by March 5, 2010. <ref>[http://techcrunch.com/2010/03/05/burbn-funding/ TechCrunch: Burbn's Funding Goes Down Smooth. Baseline, Andreessen Back Stealthy Location Startup.]<br /></ref> After full completion, the iPhone app Burbn felt too cluttered with features. The app included checking into locations, posting pictures, making plans, and earning points for hanging out with friends. Krieger and Systrom then decided to focus just on the photo sharing aspect. Within eight weeks of switching tracks, Instagram was completed and ready to be shipped. By the end of March 2010, Instagram had been completed and launched. <ref>[http://www.quora.com/Instagram/What-is-the-genesis-of-Instagram Quora: What is the genesis of Instagram?]</ref><br />
<br />
In January of 2011, hashtags were added to the features of Instagram. When version 2.0 came out later that year in the App Store, it included photo filters, instant tilt shift, high resolution photos, optional borders, one click rotation and an updated icon. Finally, on April 3, 2012, Instagram released the app for [[Android]] mobile devices, after being exclusively available for iPhone users for 18 months, and it was downloaded more than one million times in less than a day. However, there are no future plans to release the app for BlackBerry devices. <br />
<br />
The [[Android]] interface is slightly different, following a familiar [[Android]] [[Wikipedia:user-interface|user-interface]] design as opposed to the [[iOS]] featured design.<ref>[http://blog.instagram.com/post/20411305253/instagram-for-android-available-now/ Instagram Blog: Instagram for Android — Available Now]</ref> The two platforms also have features that are available explicitly on each platform. The [[Android]] app allows users to use the phone’s native camera by changing the camera settings on the profile settings page to not “Use Instagram’s Advanced Camera,” a feature unavailable on the iOS platform. Until May, 2012, the Android app did not have the popular Shift-Tilt feature that allows users to create a blurring effect and adds depth to the picture.<ref>[http://mashable.com/2012/05/09/instagram-tilt-shift-android/ Mashable: Instagram Adds Popular Tilt-Shift Feature to Android App]</ref> Unlike iPhone users, the Android app does not allow users to apply different filters or effects before the photo is taken using the camera within Instagram. <br />
<br />
[[File:instagrammobile.png|250px|thumb|right|Mobile View]]<br />
<br />
=== Facebook Acquisition ===<br />
In its largest acquisition yet, [[Facebook]] made an offer of about $1 billion in cash and stock to purchase Instagram (with all 13 employees) in April 2012, a month before [[Facebook]] was going public. The plans intended to keep the company independently managed as many were concerned their photo sharing capabilities on Instagram would be thwarted by Facebook. The Office of Fair Trading approved of the deal on August 14, 2012, and on August 22, 2012, the [[Wikipedia:Federal Trade Commission|Federal Trade Commission]] in the United States closed its investigation.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19258608 BBC News: Facebook's Instagram bid gets go-ahead from the OFT] </ref> From there the deal proceeded and on September 6, 2012, the deal between Instagram and [[Facebook]] officially closed. Instagram is now currently operating under the ownership of [[Facebook]].<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2012/04/09/facebook-buys-instagram-for-1-billion-wheres-the-revenue/ Forbes: Facebook Buys Instagram For $1 Billion. Smart Arbitrage.]</ref><br />
<br />
===Instagram and Twitter===<br />
Recently, [[Twitter]] has been losing the ability to properly display Instagram photos. Instagram on December 4, 2012 disabled the ability for [[Twitter]] to properly display Instagram photos on its Web site and coinciding applications. The move escalates tensions between the two companies, which were once friends in the battle against Facebook but have now become direct competitors. <ref>http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/05/twitter-loses-ability-to-properly-display-instagram-photos/</ref> For now, Instagram photos appear incorrectly on [[Twitter]], sometimes showing up cropped or off center. It is unclear if Instagram will completely disable the ability for Twitter to show pictures on its Web site. Although Instagram and Twitter worked closely together during Instagram’s early days, relations between the two companies have soured since the Facebook acquisition. <ref>http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/05/twitter-loses-ability-to-properly-display-instagram-photos/</ref> On December 7th, 2012 some users were again able to use Twitter cards for Instagram photos. However, an Instagram spokesperson confirmed that Instagram will no longer supports Twitter card functionality. Some users were still able to use the feature depending on their mobile client, but Instagram engineers are looking into the situation and will completely remove the feature.<ref>[http://techcrunch.com/2012/12/07/instagram-appears-to-have-turned-twitter-cards-back-on-for-its-photos/ Instagram Appears To Have Turned Twitter Cards Back On For Its Photos, But Not For Long]</ref><br />
<br />
The shutdown has not been completed, however, as Twitter users using [[Wikipedia:Tweetdeck|Tweetdeck]] can still view Instagram photos directly in the tweet. It is unclear if this is a deficiency in the program from Twitter, or if Instagram has found a loophole of some sort. Also, since shutting off users' abilities to use Instagram, Twitter has released its own photo filter features, allowing users to create effects quite similar to those available on Instagram.<ref>[http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57558617-93/instagram-photos-still-visible-in-tweets-in-tweetdeck/ Some Instagram photos still viewable on Twitter]</ref><br />
<br />
== Use ==<br />
After the application is downloaded, an icon appears on the home screen of that device through which the application can be accessed. From there, a user must register creating a free account with a username and password and optionally add an email or phone number. The user can also add a photograph, which will appear on the user's profile along with posted photos and the user's username. Once an account has been registered, a user has the option to find friends through [[Facebook]] or simply searching. Unlike [[Facebook]] however, users do no have to follow friends who are following them, and vice versa. Instagram also provides a list of recommended users to follow. Once a user follows other users, photos posted to the application will appear in a stream on the home page. A user can like or comment on those photos, which will send a notification to those users as well as appear with that photo on all other users' homepages as well. Along the bottom of the screen are five navigation icons, the first is the home page. The second is a forever changing page that represents the "Popular Page" which is a collection of photos with the most likes in a given moment and also provides a search bar to look for other users. The middle is a camera icon where users can go in a post their own photos. The third is the notification page, which consists of two tabs: the first a news feed of new followers, comments, and likes and the second is a "following" section that serves as a short news feed of other users activity. The last icon in the bottom right corner leads to the registered user's profile. <br />
<br />
In the settings option, the user has the option to make their profile private. This entails all of that user's photos to be private unless other users to request to follow that user. Upon acceptance of that request, other users can see those private photos. Users can also turn on photo sharing to other social networks through their settings. <br />
<br />
To post a picture, users click the bottom center camera icon where they can proceed to take a picture or use a previously taken photo. Once a user chooses a photo, filters can be added as well as a blur effect. Users can then add a caption, geo-tag, and post it for all of that user's followers to see. <br />
<br />
[[File:instagrampics.png|left|350px|thumb|right|Sample of a page]]<br />
=== Features ===<br />
==== Hashtags ====<br />
Users can use [[Wikipedia:hashtags|hashtags]] to tag photos and help other users discover photos. Instagram encourages users to use specific and relevant tags to help users find photos more easily. The hashtags feature has created a new Instagram phenomenon. Some users has adapted a habit to come up with as many hashtags that are relevant to the pictures as possible in an attempt to have their pictures seen by as many Instagram users as possible.<br />
<br />
==== Liking ====<br />
Users can like photos by clicking the like "heart" button or by double tapping the photograph itself. With enough likes, a photo can make it to the popular page, which is broadcasted to every Instagram user and is incessantly changing. Depending on the number of likes, either each individual's username is displayed or number of likes is displayed, as to not exceed 4 lines of text on the screen.<br />
<br />
==== Notifications ====<br />
Users can now turn on post notifications for accounts that they follow. This means they will receive a notification every time this account posts anything to Instagram. It's a way for users to stay informed and never miss a post from certain desired accounts. Celebrities and popular accounts often post pictures asking their followers to turn the notifications on to ensure their loyal following. <br />
<br />
==== Geotagging ====<br />
Photos can be tagged at a certain location where other users can view all photos tagged at that same location. This enables followers and friends to explore different places while browsing through instagram. Geotagging is frequently used for pictures related to food and traveling similar to [[Facebook]]'s "Check-in" feature.<br />
<br />
====Sharing====<br />
Users have the ability to share photos taken on Instagram on their [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], [[Tumblr]], or [[Wikipedia:Flickr|Flickr]] profiles. Instagram's privacy settings do not apply when users choose to share their picture to an external social media account. Instead, it will depend on the privacy settings set on their other profile. <br />
<br />
==== Filters ====<br />
[[File:Instagramfilters.jpeg|thumb|The same photo under different filters <ref name = theatlantic>[http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/04/a-guide-to-the-instagram-filters-youll-soon-be-seeing-on-facebook/255650/ The Atlantic: A Guide to the Instagram Filters You'll Soon Be Seeing on Facebook]</ref>.]]<br />
Users have the ability to add different filters to their photos, which consist of different lighting, saturation, contrast, frames and color effects:<ref name = theatlantic/><br />
<br /><br />
*'''Aden'''- This filter gives a blue/green natural look. <br /><br />
*'''Amaro'''- Light with minimal fading and emphasis on beige <br /><br />
*'''Brannan'''- Low-key with an emphasis on grays and greens <br /><br />
*'''Cream'''- Adds a creamy look that both warms and cools the image. <br /><br />
*'''Earlybird'''- Sepia- like, faded with blurred colors and an emphasis on yellow and beige<br /><br />
*'''Hefe'''- Fuzzy with an emphasis on golden tones<br /><br />
*'''Hudson'''- Warm and saturated with an emphasis on blues and yellows<br /><br />
*'''Inkwell'''- Black and white feature <br /><br />
*'''Kelvin'''- Very saturated, retro photos with a distinctive scratchy border <br /><br />
*'''Lo-Fi'''- Dreamy with a slight blur and saturated yellows and greens<br /><br />
*'''Ludwig'''- A slight hint of desaturation that also enhances light. <br /><br />
*'''Mayfair'''- Applies a warm pink tone, subtle vignetting to brighten the photograph center and a thin black border <br /><br />
*'''Nashville'''- Sharpens the image with a magenta-purple tint and framed with a film strip border<br /><br />
*'''Normal'''- No effect<br /><br />
*'''Perpetual'''- Adding a pastel look, this filter is ideal for portraits. <br /><br />
*'''Rise'''- Warm with an emphasis on yellow and light browns<br /><br />
*'''Sierra'''- Light with a slight blur and emphasis on beige<br /><br />
*'''Slumber'''- Desaturates the image as well as adds haze for a retro, dreamy look – with an emphasis on blacks and blues. <br /><br />
*'''Sutro'''- Sepia effect with an emphasis on purple and brown <br /><br />
*'''Toaster'''- High exposure with vignette corners and an emphasis on red<br /><br />
*'''Valencia'''- High contrast with a slightly brown and gray overtone<br /><br />
*'''X-Pro II'''- Warm and saturated with an emphasis on aquas and greens<br /><br />
*'''Walden'''- Washed out color with slight blue overtone<br /><br />
*'''Willow'''- Washed out black and white feature <br /><br />
*'''1977'''- 70's style flair<br /><br />
<br />
<br />
Frames can be added or taken away, but are different depending on the filter used. One filter's frame cannot be used with another filter's lighting/saturation/etc.<br />
<br />
==== Blur ====<br />
[[File:Followgram.jpg|left|thumb|Followgram Website]]<br />
On top of filters, users can add either a circular blur border or parallel blurs, both of which are size adjustable.<br />
<br />
=== InstaPad===<br />
In December of 2011, InstaPad, the iPad app of Instagram, was released. It includes all of the same basic features, but is adjusted for a larger screen. <br />
=== Followgram ===<br />
Followgram.me is Instagram's online interface that allows users to access the app on your web browser. Users simply need to sign in via Instagram. The website allows Instagram users to do everything they can do with the mobile app, but through a computer or laptop. Followgram users are able to create albums, share photos on various social media platforms, like and comment on photos, search tags and users, increase visibility in the social network, customize their public profile page, and utilize the "Explore" feature. <ref>[http://followgram.me/ Followgram.me: Intagram Web Viewer]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Instagram.com Web Profiles ===<br />
Aside from Followgram.me, Instagram announced the release of Instagram profiles on the web in November of 2012. These web profiles feature a users profile photo, bio, and a selection of their recently shared photographs. Through these profiles, you can like and comment on photos, edit your profile directly from the web, and follow other users. Each users profile can be found by typing in their username after the Instagram websites URL (Instagram.com/[username]). If a user is private, you cannot see their web profile unless they accept you as a follower and you are logged on to Instagram. If a users photos are set to public, any viewer who types their username into the browser will be able to see their profile. All photos a user has ever shared on Instagram can be accessed through their web profile. Currently, users cannot upload photos directly from the web, as Instagram focuses their application on uploading photos from mobile devices. The main goal of their web profiles is to make it easier for users to browse the shared content of their own content and the content of those they follow. <ref>[http://blog.instagram.com/post/35068144047/announcing-instagram-profiles-on-the-web Instagram.com Web Profiles]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ethical Concerns ==<br />
===Privacy===<br />
Instagram has a privacy setting that enables photo sharing to permitted users and disables all others from viewing. In order for one user to see private users' photos, this said user must send a follower request and can only see those photos once this user is accepted. However, if a user is private, those photos are still available to the public when a picture makes it to the popular page, or they are geotagged to a certain location. Also, when one user likes a photo, that photo is broadcasted via the following page to all of that users’ followers. Although there is a private setting, there are loopholes to private photos.<br />
Instagram's new mapping feature has led to new privacy concerns, as geotagging picture locations shares the user's location associated with his or her picture on Instagram. This can lead to privacy concerns, if for example, users do not want their home address location publicized on their Instagram profile. Instagram uses [http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foursquare Foursquare] for its geotagging feature, which in return taps into [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_maps Google Maps]. <ref>[http://www.dailydot.com/news/instagram-map-geotagging-privacy/ The Daily Dot: Instagram's new mapping feature has lead to new privacy concerns]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Professional Photographers ===<br />
According to Kate Bevan, a freelance writer for the UK's "The Guardian," many professional photographers believe the art of photography lies in the editing, not just capturing the picture. Some professional photographers feel that applications like Instagram are debasing genuine photography because simply adding a filter on a photograph degrades the integrity of the original picture.<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/jul/19/instagram-debasing-real-photography?INTCMP=SRCH The Guardian: Instagram is Debasing Real Photography]</ref> Others believe that Instagram standardizes the look of the photos because it offers nothing but basic filters and leaves minimal room for alterations. Rather than encouraging creativity, opponents feel it thwarts artistic ability.<ref>[http://www.quora.com/Instagram/Why-do-real-photographers-hate-Instagram-so-much Quora: Why do "real" photographers hate Instagram so much?]</ref> <br />
<br />
Some professional photographers have suggested creating a professional version of Instagram for connoisseurs who wish to have more editing features.<br />
On the other hand, many people also believe the application has benefits. Due to the simplicity of the application, Instagram has managed to attract more people to photography by making it more accessible. Many photographers see Instagram as a very practical on-the-go tool. Since professional cameras can sometimes be inconvenient to carry around, not to mention expensive, Instagram allows its user to capture pictures in spontaneous moments with their own handheld devices. <ref>[http://digital-photography-school.com/instagram-and-its-impact-on-the-world-of-photography Digital Photography School: Instagram and its Impact on the World of Photography] Retrieved December 4, 2012.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Nudity ===<br />
In the Terms of Use section on Instagram it explicitly prohibits the posting of nude, partially nude, or sexually suggestive photos. <ref>[http://instagram.com/about/legal/terms/ Instagram: Terms of Use]</ref> However, Porn sites and spammers are maliciously using hashtags to gain a presence on Instagram. Since there is no way to flag inappropriate comments, the only way to rid these spammers is to delete their accounts. In spite of this, spammers are quick to repost images under newly created accounts and Instagram is unable to keep up with the new accounts.<ref>[http://aptsonic.com/instagram-facebooks-newest-porn-problem/ Aptsonic.com: Instagram: Facebook’s newest Porn Problem]</ref><br />
As a result of the nudity clause, popular photographer [[Wikipedia:Daniel Arnold|Daniel Arnold]] was blocked out of Instagram after posting a photo of topless women. Instagram stated that even though he considered the nudity to be art, it violated their policy of use.<ref>[http://gawker.com/5927104/the-best-photographer-on-instagram-got-banned-for-posting-boobs Gawker: The Best Photographer on Instagram Got Banned for Posting Boobs]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Spam ===<br />
Instagram has become notorious for spam-based accounts where users are spammed with generic comments asking them to go to external websites. Users are asked to report the comments and then delete them. Instagram has stated that they tackle spam everyday and are trying to improve the app for users. <ref>[http://tech2.in.com/news/general/instagram-promises-to-tackle-spam/631622 Instagram Promises to Tackle Spam] ''Tech2.in.com'' Retrieved 2012-12-10</ref><br />
<br />
== Controversies ==<br />
=== Wealthy Kids Stir Up Controversy ===<br />
In April, 2012, trending habits amongst wealthy teens on Instagram invoked a controversy, resulting in harsh criticism from the media and community. Wealthy kids used special hashtags to designate images that revealed their family's assets. These images were all edited with a gold frame surrounding the image. The collection of photos were assembled and posted to a popular blogging site, Tumblr, under the title "Rich Kids Of Instagram." The online community responded to these images with hateful messages and tweets.<ref>http://www.justluxe.com/luxe-insider/trends/feature-1815082.php</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[[Facebook]]<br />
*[[Twitter]]<br />
*[[Social Networking]]<br />
*[[Privacy in Social Networking]]<br />
*[[Pinterest]]<br />
*[[Tumblr]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
{{resource<br />
|*[http://instagram.com/instagram Instagram's Official Website]<br />
*[https://twitter.com/instagram Instagram on Twitter]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
[[category: Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Chatroulette&diff=56168Chatroulette2016-03-28T23:51:14Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div>{{Nav-Bar|Topics#C}}<br />
{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|NAME=Chatroulette <br />
|LOGO=Chatroulette-logo1.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Chat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION=Chatroulette official logo<br />
|IMAGEURL=http://rfkrecord.blogspot.com/2010/06/chatroulette-by-grace-cruz.html<br />
|TEXT=<br />
|TYPE=Online chat, video chat, voice chat<br />
|SITEURL=http://chatroulette.com<br />
|URLTEXT=www.chatroulette.com<br />
|STATUES=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=November, 2009 <br />
}}<br><br />
<br />
'''Chatroulette''' is a video-conferencing website that connects strangers from around the globe via web cameras and chat rooms. A user is randomly paired with another user, and three actions can be taken: click "next", video chat, or text chat. The "next" button ends the current connection and pairs the user up with a new person. Users can continue clicking "next" to shuffle through different users until they are satisfied with their pairing. The "video chat" button allows the user to communicate with the randomly paired user with via video. The "text chat" allows the user to communicate with the user they are paired with via instant message. Both the video and text chats are able to be implemented at the same time.<br />
<br />
The chat rooms allow people to interact however they please. There are no censors or filters to inhibit people from being vulgar or offensive<ref>[http://dialogues.rutgers.edu/all-journals/doc_download/2-dialogues-journal--volume-vii#page=206 A Journal of Undergraduate Research]</ref>. Notoriously, this ability leads to extreme voyeurism, 'public' nudity, and sexual acts. As a result, Chatroulette is categorized as a [[Wikipedia: Not_safe_for_work|not safe for work]] (NSFW) site. This voyeurism and anonymity leads to many ethical implications.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
[[File:Andrey.jpg|thumb|text-bottom|300px|Andrey Ternovskiy, founder of Chatroulette]]<br />
Chatroulette was first launched as "Head-to-Head.org" on November 2009 by a 17-year-old high school student in Moscow, Russia named [[Wikipedia: Andrey_Ternovskiy|Andrey Ternovskiy]].<ref> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatroulette/ Chatroulette Wikipedia Entry for Chatroulette] </ref> The inspiration for Chatroulette came from the various video chats Ternovskiy had with his friends on the [[Wikipedia: Skype|Skype]] platform. Ternovskiy's friends didn't like the site, so he advertised on forums. People started to use it, but Ternovskiy did not think the name was right. After watching a scene from [[Wikipedia: The_deer_hunter|''The Deer Hunter'']] that depicted prisoners of war being forced to play Russian roulette, he decided on the websites current name. He then bought the Chatroulette domain for $7. <br />
<br />
Ternovsky ran the site from his bedroom, working alongside four programmers who worked virtually. The site's main source of income came through advertising links to an online dating service. <ref name = spiegel> [http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/17-year-old-chatroulette-founder-mom-dad-the-site-is-expanding-a-681817.html Spiegel Online International: 'Mom, Dad, the Site Is Expanding']</ref><br />
<br />
One of the first things that garnered popularity for the site was a Brazilian soccer posting a notice inviting like-minded people to talk about the sport on Chatroulette. Hundreds of people logged on, and at that point, made up about 50% of the website's user-base. However, instead of the original intent of talking about the sport online, "they took off their clothes". <ref>[http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/05/17/100517fa_fact_ioffe?currentPage=all The New Yorker: The teen-ager behind Chatroulette] </ref><br />
<br />
Chatroulette has also influenced the media. In particular, the 2012 movie [[Wikipedia: Smiley_(2012_film)| Smiley]] was based around a serial killer who frequented a site very similar to Chatroulette.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
When the site first launched in November 2009, Chatroulette registered approximately 500 visitors per day.<ref name="ny">[http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/12/one-on-one-andrey-ternovskiy-creator-of-chatroulette/ The New York Times Bits Blog: One on One: Andrey Ternovskiy, Creator of Chatroulette]</ref> One month later, this number had jumped to 50,000.<ref name="ny"/> By the beginning of March, Chatroulette boasted a user-base of approximately 1.5 million users. 33% of them were from the United States and 5% from Germany.<br />
<br />
===Demographics===<br />
[[File:Gender1.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Piechart by Gender]]<br />
*In a study done by Tech Crunch done in March 2010, approximately 50% of all Chatroulette spins resulted in connecting a user with someone in the USA. The next most likely country was France at 15%. <br />
*The study also indicated that on average in sessions with only one person in the frame, 89% of users were male while only 11% were female. <br />
*Only 8% of the spins showed multiple people in the webcam frame, and the likelihood of females appearing in a group was 1 in 3, but for males was 1 in 12. <br />
*Female prevalence on Chatroulette is so low that a user is more likely to be paired with a session in which no one is in the frame than in a session with only one female. <br />
*Additionally, 1 in 8 chat sessions were found to have objectionable content. Frames with objectionable content were further broken down to study the "pervert rate" by country, with the United Kingdom outranking other countries with a "pervert concentration" of 22%. <ref name=tech> [http://techcrunch.com/2010/03/16/chatroulette-stats-male-perverts/ Tech Crunch: Chatroulette Is 89 Percent Male, 47 Percent American, And 13 Percent Perverts]</ref> <br />
*Around 90% of users are under the age of 30<ref name=tech></ref>. <br />
*Younger users view Chatroulette as a platform to be "mischievous" while maintaining relative anonymity.<br />
<br />
== Ben Folds and Chatroulette ==<br />
[[Wikipedia: Ben_folds| Ben Folds]], a singer-songwriter known for his talent as a pianist, implemented Chatroulette into a concert in North Carolina in May 2010. <ref> [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/03/21/ben-folds-performs-tribut_n_507362.html Ben Folds Performs Tribute to Chatroulette's Piano Improv Guy]</ref>. A prior video of an amazing hooded pianist on the site whom many thought to be Folds sparked the musician to make his own video. The [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxcRq-1B148 video] features both Folds' screen and his multiple encounters with Chatroulette users. The video of Folds using Chatroulette grew to be so popular that he later did the same for other concerts <ref> [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/05/ben-folds-cranks-out-more_n_525332.html Ben Folds Cranks Out More Chatroulette Piano Improvs]</ref>.<br />
<br />
==Online Chat Websites==<br />
[[File:chatr.png|thumb|left|250px|Screenshot of a Chatroulette session]]<br />
Many other online chat websites exist that allow users to communicate in different ways including instant messaging, voice chat, and video chat. <br />
* [[Wikipedia: 6rounds|'''6rounds''']] is a cross-platform social media platform allowing users to chat, collaborate and even play games in real-time. It is currently available to the web, Android and iOS platform.<ref>http://www.rounds.com/blog/about-us/</ref><br />
* [[Wikipedia: FaceTime|'''FaceTime''']] is an app made by Apple Inc., intended for mobile phones with a forward-facing camera.<br />
* [[Wikipedia: Omegle|'''Omegle''']] allows users to communicate with strangers without registering and offers a mobile application that lets users chat with strangers from a cellular device. Spy Mode, connects three strangers where one stranger asks a question and the other two answer or discuss. Omegle also allows visitors to use Facebook Connect in order to meet strangers with common interests.<br />
* [[Wikipedia: Oovoo|'''OoVoo''']] allows users to easily group videochat with several other people. Communication via text messages is also available. <br />
* [[Wikipedia: Tinychat|'''Tinychat''']] is similar to Chatroulette but also allows users to create their own virtual chat room on any topic. A person can choose to chat in multiple rooms at once. <br />
* [[Wikipedia: Skype|'''Skype''']] is an application that allows users to communicate via video and text. It has been implemented into [[Facebook]]'s interface.<br />
* [[Wikipedia: Tokbox|'''Tokbox''']] allows users to implement their API onto the users' own website in order to add video and group chat.<br />
* [[Wikipedia: Zumbl|'''Zumbl''']] is a social media website where users can anonymously chat with other users. Users can then tag each other with personality tags they felt resembled others during their conversation. <ref>http://yourstory.in/2012/09/stranger-chat-with-zumbl/</ref> Zumbl won the Samsung Innovation Award 2012. <ref>http://yourstory.in/2012/09/stranger-chat-with-zumbl/</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
[[File:213244-chatroulette_original.jpg|thumb|text-bottom|alt="Bandcamp Logo"|Screenshot of a Chatroulette session]]<br />
<br />
===Integrity===<br />
Since Chatroulette doesn't require user registration, there has been a lot of criticism surrounding the web-conferencing site. The site has developed a reputation for the sometimes lewd images in chat sessions, and is often a platform for "cyber sex". This especially has drawn a lot of attention in the media, due to the lack of enforcement on age restrictions. In [[Wikipedia: CNET|CNET]] news, an article warns parents to be wary of Chatroulette's alarming images and indecent exposure.<ref>[http://news.cnet.com/8301-19518_3-10454519-238.html CNET News: Chatroulette shines Webcam where kids shouldn't look]</ref> <br />
<br />
===Censorship===<br />
Sam Anderson, a writer for [[Wikipedia: New_York_(magazine)|''New York Magazine'']], refers to Chatroulette as "chaotic and untamed", and describes how some people he encountered on the site shamelessly engaged in sexual acts on camera, some displayed obscene images, and one even showed a picture of a man who hung himself. Due to the fact that the site is uncensored, users never know what images they may come across, which could result in various negative consequences, including embarrassment, emotional damage, and exposure to mature images at a young age.<ref> [http://nymag.com/news/media/63663/index1.html New York Magazine: The Human Shuffle]</ref> Minors can even be exposed to damaging images and information on the site, as the lack of supervision, censorship or filters allow age restricted material to be represented freely. Parents have been warned of the dangers of Chatroulette and that "it is the [http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2010/03/01/chatroulette-chock-legal-questions-attorneys-say.html last place] they should want their kids to be." It has even been called "a predators [http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2010/03/01/chatroulette-chock-legal-questions-attorneys-say.html paradise]."<br />
<br />
===Chatroulette's attempts to improve===<br />
Because of all the negative attention surrounding the site's pornographic content, Chatroulette has responded by encouraging users to be at least 18 years old, and stating that the site prohibits "pornographic" behavior. Users can also report other users for behavior that offends them. If that user gets three complaints, the user is temporarily banned from using the site. <ref name = spiegel/> In an effort to further combat this problem, Chatroulette also tried applying an algorithm that screened users who violated their video chat policies, in addition to creating a Safe Mode feature. However, in August 2012, the company took down the Safe Mode feature, and instead explicitly stated in their terms and conditions that nudity is not allowed on the site. There is now a pop-up window explaining these new rules to users of the site.<ref>[http://www.roulettechatsites.com/2012/08/chatroulette-deletes-safe-mode-options.html Roulette Chat Sites: Chatroulette Deletes Safe Mode]</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Cybersex]]<br />
* [[Cyberculture]]<br />
* [[Pornography]]<br />
* [[Social Networking Services]]<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [http://chatroulette.com/ Chatroulette's Official Website]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites|Websites]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=8tracks&diff=561678tracks2016-03-28T23:42:34Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=510<br />
|NAME=8tracks<br />
|LOGO=8tracks.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=8trackshome.png<br />
|CAPTION="Handcrafted Internet Radio"<br />
|IMAGEURL=8tracks.com<br />
|TEXT=Site<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS App <br> Android<br />
|PRODUCT=Internet Radio <br> Music-Oriented Social Network<br />
|TYPE=Internet Radio<br />
|SITEURL=http://8tracks.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=8tracks.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=2008<br />
}}<br />
'''{{initial|8}}tracks''' is an Internet radio website that allows users to create, share, and listen to music playlists. It was founded in 2006 by David Porter, who sought to create a "music-oriented social network," and was later launched in 2008.<ref name = interview>[http://www.wired.com/listening_post/2008/08/interview-david/ Wired: Interview: David Porter, Founder of 8tracks]</ref> The website gets its name from the concept that each mix or playlist a user creates must consist of at least eight tracks. While anyone can listen to mixes online, in order to create their own mixes, users must create a free account. In addition to the free service, there is also a feature called 8Tracks Plus, which is a subscription-based service without ads. This service costs $25 for a six month subscription.<ref>[http://8tracks.com/plus 8Tracks Plus]</ref> 8tracks is aware of the potential ethical implications involved with a music-based social media website, including copyrights from artists, and necessary agreements with regulatory agencies. 8Tracks is [http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/03/23/how-8tracks-raised-30-million-from-small-investors/ currently crowdfunding] $30 million from its own fans, not the usual big-name investors for future endeavors.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
David Porter, the founder of 8tracks, claims his idea has been in development since 1999 during his time at the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haas_School_of_Business Haas School of Business]. [[Napster]]'s "Hotlist" feature was a large influence for 8tracks. In this feature, users were able to add other users to this "hot list" and that in turn was able to give them access to that user's entire music library. Fascinated by the social nature of London's electronic music scene, Porter drafter a business plan to attract the attention of venture capital firms. Because of his inexperience in business, he joined Live365 to cement his knowledge before deciding to finally found 8tracks in 2006.<ref name = interview/><br />
<br />
== Features ==<br />
=== Tags ===<br />
Tagging is one of the key features of 8tracks. Tags are words describing the music in a mix. These are typically genres, such as 'Classical' or 'Folk', but they can also describe events or emotions, such as 'Summer' or 'Sad'. DJs must tag their mixes with at least two tags before publishing them to ensure that mixes can be easily found and are uniformly labeled. The tag feature is extremely user-friendly; to choose a mix, listeners can either search for a mood, genre, or artist, or they can click on popular tags that appear in a cloud. When a tag is selected from the cloud, the cloud reloads to show similar tags to the one that was chosen. This feature helps listeners to find the perfect mix to listen to. Listeners may select up to three tags to seed mixes.<br />
[[File:8tracks.JPG|thumb|400px|right|Tags]]<br />
<br />
=== Social Media Integration ===<br />
8tracks has integrated social media sites into its design in order to heighten the social aspect of the site. Users creating accounts on the site have the option to log in with [[Facebook]]. By logging in through Facebook, the 8tracks application is automatically added to the users profile so that others can see favorite tracks and recent activity. The incorporation of Facebook on 8tracks allows it to become a more personalized music site because users can effortlessly share mixes with friends and even "follow" other users by subscribing to the mixes they create. In addition to syncing Facebook with 8tracks to share music, users also have the ability to share via [[Twitter]], [[Tumblr]], [[Wikipedia:StumbleUpon|Stumpleupon]], [[Wikipedia:Google%2B|Google+]], [[Wikipedia:Pintrest|Pintrest]], and email.<br />
<br />
Not only can users share music over a broad range of social media, but they can also listen to music directly from [[YouTube]]. As a song is playing, there is a button that allows users to watch the song's video on YouTube. The video is integrated directly into the same page as the playlist so that users can effortlessly transition from listening via 8tracks to listening via YouTube without interruption.<br />
<br />
===Mobile Device App===<br />
8tracks has a free app for both Android and iOS devices. The newest version of the app includes features such as radio-style playlists based on mood or occasion, full-screen album artwork, and the ability to find and invite friends. 8tracks claims that about one-third of their total users come from mobile devices. The company hopes to increase the amount of mobile streamers with their newest app update, in attempts to mirror Pandora’s user base, which sees 2/3 of users streaming via mobile devices.<ref>[http://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2012/10/8tracks-launches-revamped-streaming-player-for-ios.html 8tracks launches revamped streaming player for the iOS]</ref><br />
<br />
== User Types ==<br />
=== Listeners ===<br />
Everyone can listen to mixes for free, regardless of whether or not they have an account. Unlike other free music applications such as [[Pandora]] or [[Spotify]], no ads interrupt mixes on 8tracks - only visual ads are used on the site. On the home page, listeners can either select multiple tags to sort the mixes or enter favorite artists to get recommended mixes. The range of tags spans from Folk to Dubstep and everything in between. Listeners can also comment on, favorite, and share mixes.<br />
[[File:mixpage.png|thumb|350px|right|Example Mix]]<br />
<br />
=== DJs ===<br />
Anyone with an account can be a DJ. DJs can add a title, image, description, at least 2 tags, and at least 8 tracks. They also have the option to mark mixes as unlisted, which makes them private, or not safe for work (NSFW), which hides them from users who opt-in to a filter. When a DJ uploads songs to the site, they appear in a list next to where the mix is created. There is also a list of tracks from SoundCloud provided by 8tracks for DJs to add to their mix. DJs can share mixes via Google+ and Facebook. Each DJ has a profile which can be accessed by clicking on their name or avatar. This page displays the users basic information such as their location, a short bio that they can add, their Twitter handle, or any other website related to them that they would like to have featured. In addition, one can see all the mixes they've published, how many users follow them, and how many people they follow. To add a DJs mixes to your feed, you can follow the DJ. Every time a DJ is followed their mixes are displayed on your feed in reverse chronological order. DJs have the ability to follow other users as well.<ref>[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.e8tracks&hl=en 8tracks: Djs]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Developers ===<br />
8tracks has an [[Wikipedia:Api|API]] which developers can use to build an 8tracks player. There is also a forum where developers can ask questions to peers or staff.<ref> [http://8tracks.com/developers 8Tracks: Developers] </ref> Both official and third-party apps are available for listeners to use. The API requires an API key and offers a variety of data which can be used to create an app. Official 8tracks apps are available for iPhone, Android, and Mac.<ref> [http://8tracks.com/apps 8Tracks: Apps] </ref> In order to comply with copyright laws, developers must record and give the number of plays of each song to 8tracks.<br />
<br />
=== Artists ===<br />
Artists are able to promote their music on 8tracks with a special account that gives them an artist tag. They are able to create mixes with a combination of their own and others' music, or to post full albums via a content-owner account. By using 8tracks to promote their music, fans have the chance to interact with the artists. Notable artists who use 8tracks to promote their music include: [[Wikipedia: Metric (band)|Metric]], [[Wikipedia: Bassnectar|Bassnectar]], [[Wikipedia: Carolina Liar|Caronlina Liar]], and [[Wikipedia: B.o.B.|B.o.B]].<ref>[http://8tracks.com/artists 8Tracks: Artists].</ref><br />
<br />
== Ethical Implications ==<br />
=== Legality === <br />
In order to comply with the [[Wikipedia:Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act|Digital Millennium Copyright Act]] of 1998, 8tracks has licenses with [[Wikipedia:American_Society_of_Composers,_Authors_and_Publishers|ASCAP]], [[Wikipedia:Broadcast_Music,_Inc.|BMI]], and [[Wikipedia:SESAC|SESAC]]. Since the site is non-interactive, such compliance is able to hold. This allows the site to transmit publicly released sound recordings as long as certain conditions are met. For example, there is a limit on the number of songs by a certain artist during a three-hour time period, and the site pays 1/7 of a cent in royalties for every track streamed.<ref name = licensing> [http://8tracks.com/licensing 8Tracks: Licensing] </ref><ref>[http://www.inquisitr.com/2569/8tracks-muxtape-without-the-legal-muckiness/ The Inquisitr: 8tracks: Muxtape, Without the Legal Muckiness] </ref> Listeners are only able to skip an allotted number of tracks per hour, and the listener cannot determine the sequence the mix is heard.<ref name = licensing/><br />
However, there are still many ways to get around this. 8tracks is useful for people in that it provides new music to users, but they can use this to be introduced to the music and just pirate the material off of a different website. It is obviously not a direct way of pirating, but it can help people pirate music that they did not know about before.<br />
<br />
=== NSFW ===<br />
Much of 8tracks would qualify as [[Wikipedia:Nsfw|NSFW]]. Although 8tracks does have a NSFW filter, this does not guarantee that something hasn't slipped through the cracks, as it is up to the users, not the company, to flag content.<ref> 8tracks Policy [http://8tracks.com/content_policy 8Tracks Content Policy] </ref> Many mixes on the site contain appropriate music, yet the mix image inappropriate, sometimes verging on pornographic. This causes problems because users who must filter playlists can only access a limited number of mixes. Users have complained, suggesting that the site changes the filter options to include blocking only a flagged picture, but keeping the playlist viewable.<ref> [http://8tracks.uservoice.com/forums/1858-general/suggestions/1552331-provide-a-nsfw-option-so-that-people-listening-at- 8Tracks Uservoice: I suggest you provide a NSFW option so that people listening at work can do so without the fear of getting fired] </ref> The admin's response as of November 2011 was that this idea was being worked on, but so far, no changes to the filter have been implemented.<br />
<br />
=== Exposure ===<br />
A positive ethical implication of the use of 8tracks is increased exposure to fledgling musicians. While it is true that the discovery of music can lead directly to pirating that same music, there is another market of people who do purchase music they enjoy. When songs are being played, the user is offered links to stores and social media pages, when available. These can includes link to the [[iTunes Store]], [[Bandcamp]], [[YouTube]], and others. Being that there have been no legal incidents in the life of the 8tracks service so far,<ref>http://8tracks.com/licensing</ref> it seems logical to conclude that it is to the advantage of musicians that they be included on 8tracks, rather than a disadvantage.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[[Bandcamp]]<br />
*[[Digital Piracy]]<br />
*[[File Sharing]]<br />
*[[iTunes Store]]<br />
*[[Limewire]]<br />
*[[Napster]]<br />
*[[Pandora]]<br />
*[[Spotify]]<br />
*[[Digital Rights Management]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[http://8tracks.com 8tracks Official Website]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=8tracks&diff=561668tracks2016-03-28T23:41:09Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=510<br />
|NAME=8tracks<br />
|LOGO=8tracks.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=8trackshome.png<br />
|CAPTION="Handcrafted Internet Radio"<br />
|IMAGEURL=8tracks.com<br />
|TEXT=Site<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS App <br> Android<br />
|PRODUCT=Internet Radio <br> Music-Oriented Social Network<br />
|TYPE=Internet Radio<br />
|SITEURL=http://8tracks.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=8tracks.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=2008<br />
}}<br />
'''{{initial|8}}tracks''' is an Internet radio website that allows users to create, share, and listen to music playlists. It was founded in 2006 by David Porter, who sought to create a "music-oriented social network," and was later launched in 2008.<ref name = interview>[http://www.wired.com/listening_post/2008/08/interview-david/ Wired: Interview: David Porter, Founder of 8tracks]</ref> The website gets its name from the concept that each mix or playlist a user creates must consist of at least eight tracks. While anyone can listen to mixes online, in order to create their own mixes, users must create a free account. In addition to the free service, there is also a feature called 8Tracks Plus, which is a subscription-based service without ads. This service costs $25 for a six month subscription.<ref>[http://8tracks.com/plus 8Tracks Plus]</ref> 8tracks is aware of the potential ethical implications involved with a music-based social media website, including copyrights from artists, and necessary agreements with regulatory agencies. 8Tracks is [http://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2016/03/23/how-8tracks-raised-30-million-from-small-investors/ currently crowdfunding] $30 million from its own fans, not the usual big-name investors. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
David Porter, the founder of 8tracks, claims his idea has been in development since 1999 during his time at the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haas_School_of_Business Haas School of Business]. [[Napster]]'s "Hotlist" feature was a large influence for 8tracks. In this feature, users were able to add other users to this "hot list" and that in turn was able to give them access to that user's entire music library. Fascinated by the social nature of London's electronic music scene, Porter drafter a business plan to attract the attention of venture capital firms. Because of his inexperience in business, he joined Live365 to cement his knowledge before deciding to finally found 8tracks in 2006.<ref name = interview/><br />
<br />
== Features ==<br />
=== Tags ===<br />
Tagging is one of the key features of 8tracks. Tags are words describing the music in a mix. These are typically genres, such as 'Classical' or 'Folk', but they can also describe events or emotions, such as 'Summer' or 'Sad'. DJs must tag their mixes with at least two tags before publishing them to ensure that mixes can be easily found and are uniformly labeled. The tag feature is extremely user-friendly; to choose a mix, listeners can either search for a mood, genre, or artist, or they can click on popular tags that appear in a cloud. When a tag is selected from the cloud, the cloud reloads to show similar tags to the one that was chosen. This feature helps listeners to find the perfect mix to listen to. Listeners may select up to three tags to seed mixes.<br />
[[File:8tracks.JPG|thumb|400px|right|Tags]]<br />
<br />
=== Social Media Integration ===<br />
8tracks has integrated social media sites into its design in order to heighten the social aspect of the site. Users creating accounts on the site have the option to log in with [[Facebook]]. By logging in through Facebook, the 8tracks application is automatically added to the users profile so that others can see favorite tracks and recent activity. The incorporation of Facebook on 8tracks allows it to become a more personalized music site because users can effortlessly share mixes with friends and even "follow" other users by subscribing to the mixes they create. In addition to syncing Facebook with 8tracks to share music, users also have the ability to share via [[Twitter]], [[Tumblr]], [[Wikipedia:StumbleUpon|Stumpleupon]], [[Wikipedia:Google%2B|Google+]], [[Wikipedia:Pintrest|Pintrest]], and email.<br />
<br />
Not only can users share music over a broad range of social media, but they can also listen to music directly from [[YouTube]]. As a song is playing, there is a button that allows users to watch the song's video on YouTube. The video is integrated directly into the same page as the playlist so that users can effortlessly transition from listening via 8tracks to listening via YouTube without interruption.<br />
<br />
===Mobile Device App===<br />
8tracks has a free app for both Android and iOS devices. The newest version of the app includes features such as radio-style playlists based on mood or occasion, full-screen album artwork, and the ability to find and invite friends. 8tracks claims that about one-third of their total users come from mobile devices. The company hopes to increase the amount of mobile streamers with their newest app update, in attempts to mirror Pandora’s user base, which sees 2/3 of users streaming via mobile devices.<ref>[http://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2012/10/8tracks-launches-revamped-streaming-player-for-ios.html 8tracks launches revamped streaming player for the iOS]</ref><br />
<br />
== User Types ==<br />
=== Listeners ===<br />
Everyone can listen to mixes for free, regardless of whether or not they have an account. Unlike other free music applications such as [[Pandora]] or [[Spotify]], no ads interrupt mixes on 8tracks - only visual ads are used on the site. On the home page, listeners can either select multiple tags to sort the mixes or enter favorite artists to get recommended mixes. The range of tags spans from Folk to Dubstep and everything in between. Listeners can also comment on, favorite, and share mixes.<br />
[[File:mixpage.png|thumb|350px|right|Example Mix]]<br />
<br />
=== DJs ===<br />
Anyone with an account can be a DJ. DJs can add a title, image, description, at least 2 tags, and at least 8 tracks. They also have the option to mark mixes as unlisted, which makes them private, or not safe for work (NSFW), which hides them from users who opt-in to a filter. When a DJ uploads songs to the site, they appear in a list next to where the mix is created. There is also a list of tracks from SoundCloud provided by 8tracks for DJs to add to their mix. DJs can share mixes via Google+ and Facebook. Each DJ has a profile which can be accessed by clicking on their name or avatar. This page displays the users basic information such as their location, a short bio that they can add, their Twitter handle, or any other website related to them that they would like to have featured. In addition, one can see all the mixes they've published, how many users follow them, and how many people they follow. To add a DJs mixes to your feed, you can follow the DJ. Every time a DJ is followed their mixes are displayed on your feed in reverse chronological order. DJs have the ability to follow other users as well.<ref>[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.e8tracks&hl=en 8tracks: Djs]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Developers ===<br />
8tracks has an [[Wikipedia:Api|API]] which developers can use to build an 8tracks player. There is also a forum where developers can ask questions to peers or staff.<ref> [http://8tracks.com/developers 8Tracks: Developers] </ref> Both official and third-party apps are available for listeners to use. The API requires an API key and offers a variety of data which can be used to create an app. Official 8tracks apps are available for iPhone, Android, and Mac.<ref> [http://8tracks.com/apps 8Tracks: Apps] </ref> In order to comply with copyright laws, developers must record and give the number of plays of each song to 8tracks.<br />
<br />
=== Artists ===<br />
Artists are able to promote their music on 8tracks with a special account that gives them an artist tag. They are able to create mixes with a combination of their own and others' music, or to post full albums via a content-owner account. By using 8tracks to promote their music, fans have the chance to interact with the artists. Notable artists who use 8tracks to promote their music include: [[Wikipedia: Metric (band)|Metric]], [[Wikipedia: Bassnectar|Bassnectar]], [[Wikipedia: Carolina Liar|Caronlina Liar]], and [[Wikipedia: B.o.B.|B.o.B]].<ref>[http://8tracks.com/artists 8Tracks: Artists].</ref><br />
<br />
== Ethical Implications ==<br />
=== Legality === <br />
In order to comply with the [[Wikipedia:Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act|Digital Millennium Copyright Act]] of 1998, 8tracks has licenses with [[Wikipedia:American_Society_of_Composers,_Authors_and_Publishers|ASCAP]], [[Wikipedia:Broadcast_Music,_Inc.|BMI]], and [[Wikipedia:SESAC|SESAC]]. Since the site is non-interactive, such compliance is able to hold. This allows the site to transmit publicly released sound recordings as long as certain conditions are met. For example, there is a limit on the number of songs by a certain artist during a three-hour time period, and the site pays 1/7 of a cent in royalties for every track streamed.<ref name = licensing> [http://8tracks.com/licensing 8Tracks: Licensing] </ref><ref>[http://www.inquisitr.com/2569/8tracks-muxtape-without-the-legal-muckiness/ The Inquisitr: 8tracks: Muxtape, Without the Legal Muckiness] </ref> Listeners are only able to skip an allotted number of tracks per hour, and the listener cannot determine the sequence the mix is heard.<ref name = licensing/><br />
However, there are still many ways to get around this. 8tracks is useful for people in that it provides new music to users, but they can use this to be introduced to the music and just pirate the material off of a different website. It is obviously not a direct way of pirating, but it can help people pirate music that they did not know about before.<br />
<br />
=== NSFW ===<br />
Much of 8tracks would qualify as [[Wikipedia:Nsfw|NSFW]]. Although 8tracks does have a NSFW filter, this does not guarantee that something hasn't slipped through the cracks, as it is up to the users, not the company, to flag content.<ref> 8tracks Policy [http://8tracks.com/content_policy 8Tracks Content Policy] </ref> Many mixes on the site contain appropriate music, yet the mix image inappropriate, sometimes verging on pornographic. This causes problems because users who must filter playlists can only access a limited number of mixes. Users have complained, suggesting that the site changes the filter options to include blocking only a flagged picture, but keeping the playlist viewable.<ref> [http://8tracks.uservoice.com/forums/1858-general/suggestions/1552331-provide-a-nsfw-option-so-that-people-listening-at- 8Tracks Uservoice: I suggest you provide a NSFW option so that people listening at work can do so without the fear of getting fired] </ref> The admin's response as of November 2011 was that this idea was being worked on, but so far, no changes to the filter have been implemented.<br />
<br />
=== Exposure ===<br />
A positive ethical implication of the use of 8tracks is increased exposure to fledgling musicians. While it is true that the discovery of music can lead directly to pirating that same music, there is another market of people who do purchase music they enjoy. When songs are being played, the user is offered links to stores and social media pages, when available. These can includes link to the [[iTunes Store]], [[Bandcamp]], [[YouTube]], and others. Being that there have been no legal incidents in the life of the 8tracks service so far,<ref>http://8tracks.com/licensing</ref> it seems logical to conclude that it is to the advantage of musicians that they be included on 8tracks, rather than a disadvantage.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[[Bandcamp]]<br />
*[[Digital Piracy]]<br />
*[[File Sharing]]<br />
*[[iTunes Store]]<br />
*[[Limewire]]<br />
*[[Napster]]<br />
*[[Pandora]]<br />
*[[Spotify]]<br />
*[[Digital Rights Management]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
*[http://8tracks.com 8tracks Official Website]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:GoldStar]]</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Report-Untag-Facebook-Post.png&diff=55666File:Report-Untag-Facebook-Post.png2016-03-24T20:29:19Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Averyscreenshot.png&diff=55615File:Averyscreenshot.png2016-03-24T18:10:11Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Averyweinprofile.png&diff=55605File:Averyweinprofile.png2016-03-24T16:45:47Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:AveryWein.jpg&diff=55603File:AveryWein.jpg2016-03-24T16:44:23Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=BuzzFeed&diff=55160BuzzFeed2016-03-14T15:23:46Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>BuzzFeed is an American media company that specializes in producing news on social buzz and entertainment on their website. Known for being short and sweet, or at the very least, entertaining, BuzzFeed has created a large presence among college students and people in their early 20s. The site generates about 200 million views each month<sup>3</sup>.<br />
<br />
==History and Funding==<br />
BuzzFeed was founded in November of 2006 by Jonah Peretti. 8 years later, they were able to raise $50 million from venture capitalist Andreessen Horowitz<sup>2</sup>. Since then, multiple big investors have made equity investments into BuzzFeed, such as NBCUniversal and General Atlantic. As of July 30, 2015, BuzzFeed is worth $1.5 billion<sup>1</sup>.<br /><br />
<br />
==Content==<br />
BuzzFeed produces articles and news daily and focuses on a variety of topics. The main headings (or main topics) include <br /><br />
*News<br />
*Buzz (entertainment news)<br />
*Life<br />
*Quizzes<br />
*Video <br /><br />
Within the "More" section are 27 other headings which include Animals, Audio (information about podcasts, soundtracks, etc.), Big Stories, Books, Business, Celebrities, DIY, Entertainment, Food, Geeky (online fandoms and alike), Health, Ideas (thoughtful, lengthy, and argumentative articles), LGBT, Music, Parents, Podcast, Politics, Puzzles, Rewind (articles to remember the past), Science, Sports, Style, Tech, Travel, Weddings, Weekend (ideas for what to eat, make, or do over the weekend), and World<sup>3</sup>. <br />
<br />
'''<big>Community</big><br /><br />
'''<br />
BuzzFeed has their own staff of over 700 employees, but they still encourage the community to write articles, and so BuzzFeed Community was created. This means that anybody who creates a BuzzFeed account can create their own content and quizzes to publish to the site and share with their friends<sup>3</sup>. BuzzFeed uses a ranking system ("Cat Power") to determine how popular a user is among the Community, with Cat Power increases as a contributor becomes more popular<sup>3</sup>. <br />
<br />
'''<big>Video</big><br /><br />
'''<br />
BuzzFeed creates multiple different video channels on both YouTube and Facebook. There is a general BuzzFeedVideo YouTube channel, but there are also multiple other channels categorized by color and their content divided by mood (i.e. "BuzzFeedYellow" for more fun content, "BuzzFeedViolet" for "the good kind of awkward" videos, etc.)<sup>2</sup>. The full list of these accounts is<sup>2</sup>:<br /><br />
*BuzzFeedYellow<br />
*BuzzFeedViolet<br />
*BuzzFeedBlue ("bite size knowledge for a big world")<br />
*BuzzFeedCentral (features, news, documentation)<br />
*BuzzFeedPop<br />
*After Party (a fun, miscellaneous account)<br />
<br />
BuzzFeed also has several Facebook accounts, including BuzzFeed Food, BuzzFeed Video, BuzzFeed, BuzzFeed Quiz, BuzzFeed DIY, BuzzFeed Health, BuzzFeed Books, as well as pages for the rest of the topics covered in BuzzFeed's main headings on their site and pages for the various colors in the YouTube pages. They also have several spinoff accounts, such as Tasty or Proper Tasty (both recipe accounts). Most of these accounts are mainly quick, 15 second videos to show an interesting procedure or recipe for users.<br />
<br />
'''<big>Newsletters</big><br /><br />
'''<br />
BuzzFeed offers to send newsletters to readers for the various subjects they are interested in. The newsletters are offered for the subjects of BuzzFeed Today (users receive this daily), Animals (3x a week), DIY (3x a week), Dude A Day (5x a week), Health & Beauty (2x a week), Sunday Features (once a week), BuzzFeed News (5x a week), Books (2x a week), Dog A Day (daily), Food (2x a week), Parents (2x a week), and This Week In Cats (once a week)<sup>3</sup>. These newsletters are helpful for those who do not have time to browse their favorite subjects, so BuzzFeed will send them a concise newsletter with the top articles of those subjects. <br />
<br />
'''<big>Advertisement</big><br /><br />
'''<br />
BuzzFeed generates revenue from advertisement through their site. Advertisers create their own posts related to their product or company, and BuzzFeed makes money from these advertisers. This is called native advertising because the posts look similar to BuzzFeed's typical content<sup>4</sup>.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
In January of 2015 Buzzfeed posted an article titled [http://www.buzzfeed.com/shani/the-buzzfeed-editorial-standards-and-ethics-guide#.vtNg2Q8Ezr ''The Buzzfeed Editorial Standards and Ethics Guide,''] written by the executive editor of Buzzfeed. Its aim is to keep writers, editors and reporters accountable to their readers. This in depth article was divided into four sections: 1) Sourcing, 2) Corrections, Updates, Deletions and Errors, 3) Legal and Ethics, 4) The Editorial and Business Relationship. This article is to serve as a guide not an FAQ section of the website. It is a place for contributors to reference what they are doing prior to publishing something on the site. Buzzfeed has created a large and loyal following through contributors adhering to these standards.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. http://www.businessinsider.com/report-nbc-is-investing-in-buzzfeed-at-a-15-billion-valuation-2015-7<br /><br />
<br />
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BuzzFeed<br /><br />
<br />
3. http://www.buzzfeed.com/<br /><br />
<br />
4. http://www.businessinsider.com/buzzfeed-native-advertising-is-paying-off-2015-8<br />
<br />
5. http://www.buzzfeed.com/shani/the-buzzfeed-editorial-standards-and-ethics-guide#.vtNg2Q8Ezr</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=55147Snapchat2016-03-10T13:56:37Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to their friends. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps.' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. Snaps can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappear forever, unless the receiver of the snap took a screenshot of the snap. In 2013, Snapchat added a new feature that allows users to replay one snap per day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store.<br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea for the app [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. At first, the app slowly grew in popular, but eventually exploded in popularity among high schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment that Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video-sending feature. By February of that year, over 60 million snaps were being sent per day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent per day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat declined.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders over who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 that the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders. Spiegel and Murphy paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount to end the tumultuous lawsuit.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at approximately $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When Snapchat was initially launched, users were only able to send pictures to each other. Snapchat has introduced a variety of new features as it continues to update and improve.<br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send short videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and expire after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. The story feature allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot of it.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays, major world events and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but also offered a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events through people's personal selfies, pictures and videos.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
These filters, effects and geofilters make Snapchat more fun and enjoyable for users.<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete,' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misconception among users that content permanently vanishes.<br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to discourage users from taking screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save snaps without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. That picture or video is often sent around without the original sender even knowing. While this is a complete violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult Snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions that took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. This survey shows that a majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat Privacy Policy, https://www.snapchat.com/privacy<br />
<br />
8. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
9. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54563Snapchat2016-02-18T14:42:12Z<p>Averyw: /* Ethical Concerns */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to a list of friends. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps.' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap per day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea for the app [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among high schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment that Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February of that year, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent per day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders over who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 that the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders. Spiegel and Murphy paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount to end the tumultuous lawsuit.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at around $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and expire after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. The story feature allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays, major world events and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events through people's personal selfies, pictures and videos.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
These filters, effects and geofilters make Snapchat more fun and enjoyable for users.<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misconception among users that the content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. That picture or video is often sent around without the original sender even knowing. While this is a complete violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult Snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions that took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat Privacy Policy, https://www.snapchat.com/privacy<br />
<br />
8. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
9. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54555Snapchat2016-02-18T14:33:57Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to a list of friends. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps.' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap per day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea for the app [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among high schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment that Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February of that year, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent per day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders over who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 that the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders. Spiegel and Murphy paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount to end the tumultuous lawsuit.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at around $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and expire after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. The story feature allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays, major world events and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events through people's personal selfies, pictures and videos.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
These filters, effects and geofilters make Snapchat more fun and enjoyable for users.<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat Privacy Policy, https://www.snapchat.com/privacy<br />
<br />
8. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
9. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54554Snapchat2016-02-18T14:31:28Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to a list of friends. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps.' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap per day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea for the app [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among high schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment that Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February of that year, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent per day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders over who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 that the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders. Spiegel and Murphy paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount to end the tumultuous lawsuit.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at around $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and expire after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. The story feature allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays, major world events and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events through people's personal selfies, pictures and videos.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat Privacy Policy, https://www.snapchat.com/privacy<br />
<br />
8. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
9. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54523Snapchat2016-02-18T13:47:07Z<p>Averyw: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat Privacy Policy, https://www.snapchat.com/privacy<br />
<br />
8. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
9. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54522Snapchat2016-02-18T13:46:22Z<p>Averyw: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. What marketers should know about Snapchat, Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Here's one big reason Snapchat is worth $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat's 'disappearing' videos don't actually vanish, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is Now the Third Most Popular Social Network Among Millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat Geofilters, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. A Brief History of Snapchat, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
8. Snapchat Launches Discover, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54291Snapchat2016-02-17T18:10:29Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
In 2014 at the University of Washington, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study conducted] that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes to complete. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures," Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Snapchat study from the University of Washington, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 1http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
8. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54290Snapchat2016-02-17T18:06:58Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
In 2014, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study] in the US that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures," Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Snapchat study from the University of Washington, Franziska Roesner, Brian T. Gill, and Tadayoshi Kohno, 2014 1http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf<br />
<br />
5. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
6. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
7. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
8. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54289Snapchat2016-02-17T18:05:08Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
In 2014, there was a [http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf user study] in the US that surveyed 127 adult snapchat users. It consisted of about 40 online questions and took between 15-30 minutes. Only 1.6% of the participants said they use Snapchat primarily for sexting while 14.2% did admit to sending explicit content via Snapchat at some point. A majority of users are using Snapchat to send strictly funny content to their friends. When asked why users chose Snapchat over other sites and apps to send this type of content, many said it was because of the vanishing feature.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures," Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
5. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
6. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54288Snapchat2016-02-17T17:54:18Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures," Nicola Kemp, 13 June 2013 http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
5. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
6. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54287Snapchat2016-02-17T17:53:31Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat<br />
<br />
2. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
3. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
4. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
5. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
6. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
7. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54286Snapchat2016-02-17T17:52:48Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
Sexting through Snapchat has become widely popular. A major concern is that minors may be involve in these sexting activities. To join Snapchat a user has to be 13 and older. In a [http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/1186152/marketers-know-snapchat 2013 UK study], 47% of Snapchat users aged 18-30 had received nude photos and 67% of users had received images that had "inappropriate poses or gestures."<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
2. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
4. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
5. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54285Snapchat2016-02-17T17:31:55Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends disappears after it is opened. This 'vanishing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without worrying about other people seeing. But, the golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Snapchat even warns in their [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy privacy policy], "A few final words on deletion: We can’t guarantee that messages and corresponding metadata will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], a user figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this may be true, there is a definite misperception among users that content permanently vanishes. <br />
<br />
===Screenshots and Privacy===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it, but the original sender of that snap is notified. This feature was put in place to encourage users to not take screenshots. Unfortunately many [http://www.idownloadblog.com/2014/05/03/how-to-screenshot-snapchat/ technology blogs] have revealed ways to take screenshots without the other person knowing. Another way people save Snapchats without even taking a screenshot is by using a second device to record and save the content. While this is a violation of privacy, users use Snapchat at their own risks and as [https://www.snapchat.com/privacy Snapchat reminds users in its privacy policy], "The same common sense that applies to the Internet at large applies to Snapchat as well: Don’t send messages that you wouldn’t want someone to save or share." <br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
2. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
4. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
5. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54284Snapchat2016-02-17T17:02:47Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, friends stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
2. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
4. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
5. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54266Snapchat2016-02-17T03:25:28Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
1. Snapchat is valued at an incredible $16 billion, Eugene Kim, 29 May 2015 http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
2. Snapchats don't actually disappear, Laurie Segall, 28 December 2012 http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
3. Snapchat is currently ranked the third most popular social media site among millennials, http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
4. Geofilters can be added to any snap depending on the location, https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
5. Highlights of Snapchat's growth and development, Jordan Crook and Anna Escher, 15 October 2015 http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
6. Snapchat launches the new Discover feature, Jordan Crook, 27 January 2015 http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54265Snapchat2016-02-17T03:16:47Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|275px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54264Snapchat2016-02-17T03:15:53Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|250px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54263Snapchat2016-02-17T03:11:00Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|200px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|125px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|125px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54262Snapchat2016-02-17T03:10:25Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
[[File:Snapchat_founders.jpg|right|200px|left|thumb|Snapchat founders Evan Spiegel (left) and Bobby Murphy (right).]]<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|150px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|150px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Snapchat_founders.jpg&diff=54261File:Snapchat founders.jpg2016-02-17T03:08:49Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54260Snapchat2016-02-17T03:07:32Z<p>Averyw: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|150px|left|thumb|This is where you can view your story, others' stories and universal live stories.]]<br />
<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|150px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
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[[Category:Websites]]<br />
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([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averywhttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Snapchat&diff=54259Snapchat2016-02-17T03:06:56Z<p>Averyw: </p>
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<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|NAME=''Snapchat''<br />
|HEIGHT=450<br />
|LOGO=Snapchat_Logo.jpg<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Snapchat_logo.jpg<br />
|CAPTION="Snapchat Logo"<br />
|IMAGEURL=https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod-heroku/external_greenhouse_job_boards/logos/000/000/321/original/Snapchat_Logo.jpg?1389641053<br />
|TEXT=Snapchat<br />
|TYPE=Social Media<br />
|LAUNCH=2011<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|PLATFORM=iOS, Android<br />
|DEVELOPER=Ryan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.snapchat.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= Snapchat Official Site<br />
}}<br />
'''Snapchat''' is a social media app that allows users to send photos and videos to each other. Different effects, captions and drawings can be added to these 'Snaps,' Users choose how long they want their snap to last for. It can last for up to 10 seconds and then disappears. It wasn't until 2013 that users were able to replay one snap a day. Snapchat has become the [http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/ 3rd most popular social networking platform] among millennials. It is currently ranked number 4 on the 'Top Charts' for app downloads in the Apple iTunes Store. <br />
==History==<br />
Reggie Brown and Evan Spiegel are the co-creators of Snapchat. They met freshman year at Stanford University when they joined the same fraternity. In Kappa Sig, Spiegel and Brown met fellow co-founder and future programmer of the app, Bobby Murphy. Brown and Spiegel had a knack for entrepreneurship and launched an app called Picaboo in July of 2011. Brown sparked the idea [http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/ when he said], "I wish these photos I am sending this girl would disappear." Picaboo was later renamed to Snapchat. They gained users little by little, but where the app really became popular was among High Schoolers.<br />
<br />
In April 2012, Lightspeed Venture Partners invested $485,000 into Snapchat. This was the first big investment Snapchat received. <br />
By Winter of 2012 the app was released to Android phones. Snapchat also introduced the video sending feature. By February, over 60 million snaps were being sent each day.<br />
<br />
By May of 2013, 150 million snaps were being sent each day. With Snapchat's growing popularity and success, Mark Zuckerberg offered to buy Snapchat for $3 billion in November of 2013, but Snapchat refused.<br />
<br />
Despite the app's growing success, there was an ongoing lawsuit between the original founders about who truly came up with the idea for the app. After years of battling it out in court, it wasn't until 2014 when the lawsuit was finally settled between the founders when they paid Reggie Brown an undisclosed amount.<br />
<br />
By May of 2015, Snapchat was [http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5 valued at $16 billion].<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
When snapchat was first launched users were only able to send pictures to each other. But, with each update Snapchat has introduced more and more complex features. <br />
===Snapchat Videos===<br />
In December of 2012 Snapchat introduced the video feature. Users can take and send videos via Snapchat to their friends. Snap videos cannot be re-watched and disappear after they are watched. A snap video can last up to 30 seconds. <br />
[[File:Snapchat_Story.jpg|left|150px|left|thumb|Where you can view your story, others' stories and universal stories.]]<br />
===Snapchat Story===<br />
In October of 2013 Snapchat introduced the story feature. Previously the only people that could see your snaps were other users that you individually sent snaps to. Story allows users to post a snap of a photo or video that everyone on their list of Snapchat friends can see. It is automatically deleted after 24 hours, but unlike individual snaps stories it can be watched many times. There is also a way to see who watched your snap story or took a screenshot.<br />
<br />
In June of 2014 the 'Our Story' feature was released. Users could now post their snaps to a single-event based story that all Snapchat users could see. The 'Our Story' featured different cities, sporting events, fashion shows, holidays and more. Snapchat was no longer just a way to communicate with friends but a way to stay updated with different cultural and world events.<br />
[[File:Snapchat_Discover.png|right|150px|left|thumb|Some of the many Discover options on Snapchat.]]<br />
<br />
===Instant Messaging and Video Calling===<br />
In May of 2015, Snapchat introduced an instant messaging and video calling feature. Users were only able to use this when both participants were on the app.<br />
<br />
===Discover===<br />
In January of 2015 Snapchat introduced the Discover feature. It allows Snapchat users to see content from different brands or networks like MTV, CNN, ''People'' and National Geographic that is updated daily. They post short content videos with the option to read the full story.<br />
<br />
===Filters and Effects===<br />
In December of 2013, Snapchat introduced timestamps, temperature, and speed overlays.<br />
<br />
In September of 2015 Snapchat introduced different lenses for selfies. Users are able to distort their selfies and add different animations. Snapchat changes the different lens options frequently but users are able to buy them to use permanently for $0.99.<br />
<br />
[https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters Geofilters] were eventually introduced. They are visual overlays that can only be used at certain locations. For example major cities and famous locations have geofilters for users to use. Anyone can make and submit an image for a geofilter to Snapchat for approval. Companies can also sponsor geofilters to promote their brand or product. This has become a source of major revenue for Snapchat.<br />
<br />
==Ethical Concerns==<br />
===Do The Pictures Truly Disappear?===<br />
What separates Snapchat from other photo and video messaging apps is that the content sent to Snapchat friends vanishes. This 'disappearing' feature sends mixed messages to users. Many users think this means they can send explicit content without ever having to worry about it being on the internet forever. In fact, this goes against every social guideline of the internet. The golden rule of the internet is that whatever is put on the internet is there is there forever and virtually anyone can figure out a way to see it. Even if you press 'delete' it does not mean that content is permanently gone. It is very difficult, if not impossible, to permanently delete files from cyberspace. Therefore, internet users are taught from an early age about the dangers of putting personal and explicit content on the internet. Snapchat has even admitted that the photos sent through the app do not completely vanish. [http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/ In fact in 2011], someone figured out a way to get these 'deleted snaps' back. Founder Evan Spiegel responded to this hack saying, "The people who most enjoy using Snapchat are those who embrace the spirit and intent of the service. There will always be ways to reverse engineer technology products — but that spoils the fun!" While this might be true, the misperception that snaps are deleted has caused many problems.<br />
<br />
===Privacy===<br />
===Screenshots===<br />
The only way to save a snap is to take a screenshot of it but, the original sender of that snap is notified. This encourages users to not take screenshots Snapchat figured that the screenshot notification would limit the 'screenshotting' taking place<br />
<br />
===Sexting===<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{resource| <br />
http://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-huge-among-millennials-2015-5<br />
<br />
http://money.cnn.com/2012/12/28/technology/security/snapchat-security-flaw/<br />
<br />
http://mwpartners.com/snapchat-is-now-the-third-most-popular-social-network-among-millennials/<br />
<br />
https://www.snapchat.com/geofilters<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-snapchat/<br />
<br />
http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/27/snapchat-launches-discover/<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])</div>Averyw