http://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Alexwong&feedformat=atomSI410 - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T13:58:56ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.25.2http://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=The_Pirate_Bay&diff=102831The Pirate Bay2021-04-19T19:25:56Z<p>Alexwong: added 4 refs and made addition to history section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:tpb_logo.png|thumb|border|right|middle|The Pirate Bay's Logo]]<br />
'''The Pirate Bay''', self-proclaimed "Galaxy's most resilient BitTorrent site", is one of the largest file-sharing websites in the world. The Pirate Bay's Alexa rankings place it in the top 100 most-visited sites in the world and in the top 20 in the site's home country of Sweden.<ref>Alexa Top Sites | http://www.alexa.com/topsites</ref> The site's popularity has lead to various legal and ethical concerns and censorship by some countries and internet service providers. Despite these ethical concerns, the site is still active today. The founders of the site are also major supporters of other anti-copyright groups both in Sweden and internationally.<br />
<br />
==History and Overview==<br />
The Pirate Bay was founded in 2003 by a Swedish organization known as The Piracy Bureau (Piratbyrån) but has been an independent organization since 2004. The website was first run by Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij. <ref>[https://techland.time.com/2013/08/12/how-the-pirate-bays-anti-censorship-piratebrowser-works/]</ref> Since Sweden at the time didn't have any sort of filesharing network of it's own, the Piratbyrån decided to utilize the relatively new Bittorrent protocol in the design of their site <ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref>. Since then the Pirate Bay's goal is to be a reliable tracker for torrent files (an explanation of torrenting technology can be found [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|here]]) and to serve as an open repository for all such torrent files. The founders of The Pirate Bay wanted the site to be the start of a filesharing community in Sweden and Scandinavia, and originally focussed on having local content available on their site. The first of the Pirate Bay's collection of servers was a laptop of one of the founders, which quickly became overwhelmed as The Pirate Bay garnered interest from not only Sweden but around the world. <br />
<br />
The administrators of The Pirate Bay are as hands-off as possible and will only remove torrents if the name is inconsistent with the content of the torrent. They've been accused of copyright violations by several national and international organizations and been raided by law enforcement authorities on several occasions as well. However, to this day they are still available as one of the world's most popular torrent sites.<ref>About - The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/about</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref><br />
<br />
==Content==<br />
The Pirate Bay is a website that allows users to search for magnet links. These magnet links are used to initiate peer-to-peer networks between users which can then be used to transfer files. These magnet links are organized by categories such as Audio, Applications, Video, Games, Porn, and Other. In order to use magnet links the user must also have a bitTorrent client downloaded. Beyond just searching for magnet links the website also allows for users to browse them by category, popularity, and time posted.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140330174031/http://torrentfreak.com/35-of-all-pirate-bay-uploads-are-porn-140124/]</ref><br />
<br />
==Finances==<br />
With it's massive popularity throughout the years the Pirate Bay has always needed a steady flow of money to afford hosting the website. The Pirate Bay has come under criticism for accepting donations from various right wing groups and individuals. The most notable being Carl Lundstrom a right wing entrepreneur whose donation made it possible for pirate bay to survive in its early stages.<ref>[https://www.theregister.com/2007/05/07/pirate_bay_accepted_right_wing_money/]</ref> Beyond high profile donations the website receives funds through public donations. From 2004 to 2006 the site had a donate link that would grant users perks such as no advertisements and VIP status on the site. In 2013 the site published an address for users to donate Bitcoin and Litecoin. Aside from donations the site also makes money through merchandise. Various pirate bay related products can be bought on a webstore linked to the Pirate Bay website. The main form of income that Pirate Bay receives is through advertisement. It is debated whether or not Pirate Bay is profitable. During a 2009 trial the prosecuting team alleged that Pirate Bay was making over 1.4 million dollars USD a year. The police and the Pirate Bay's lawyers put the revenue number closer to 100,000. It is unclear whether or not the server and bandwidth costs exceed the revenue that Pirate Bay brings in.<ref>[https://torrentfreak.com/newspaper-attack-on-bureau-of-piracy-backfires/]</ref><br />
<br />
==The Pirate Bay Trial==<br />
[[File:PirateBay_1298673c.jpeg|300px|right|The founders of Pirate Bay, Gottfrid Svartholm Varg (middle) and Peter Sundin (right)]]<br />
In January of 2008 a lawsuit was brought against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, Peter Sunde, and Carl Lundstrom (all major forces behind The Pirate Bay) by Swedish prosecutors for charges of copyright infringement. Half of the 34 charges were almost immediately dropped but the other half resulted in Neij, Svartholm, Sudne, and Lundstrom receiving a fine of 30 million Swedish krona (which was later increased) and being sentenced to a year in jail (which was later decreased) <ref>Charges filed against the Pirate Bay four - IDG.se | http://www.idg.se/2.1085/1.143146</ref>. The four defendants attempted to appeal to the Swedish Supreme Court in 2012 but was denied <ref>Pirate Bay founders' prison sentence final as Supreme Court appeal is rejected - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founders-prison-sentences-final-supreme-court-appeal-rejected-120201/</ref>.<br />
<br />
During the trial, which made headlines in Swedish newspapers for several days straight, the defendants, including Svartholm and Neij, based much of their defense on the fact that they didn't know the legality of their actions and various contracts and agreements they'd signed. Notably, when Neij was asked about a contract he'd signed when he registered The Pirate Bay's domain name, in which he agreed that he'd oversee operations for the site, his defense was "But I didn't read it." <ref><br />
Pirate Bay: we don't know nothin' about org charts, contracts - Ars Technica | http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/02/pirate-bay-we-dont-know-nothin-about-org-charts-contracts/</ref><br />
<br />
==Censorship==<br />
Various countries worldwide have attempted to censor or block The Pirate Bay in some form or another (a full list can be found [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay#Blocking|here]]) but there are some countries whose efforts are of note: <ref>The Pirate Bay - Wikiped | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_pirate_bay</ref><br />
* The United States of America: both [[Facebook]] and [[Microsoft]] have been restricting sharing of The Pirate Bay links on their services, citing security concerns for users and the possibility of users breaking their Terms of Service by clicking on the links <ref>Facebook email censorship is legally dubious, experts say - Wired | http://www.wired.com/business/2009/05/facebooks-e-mail-censorship-is-legally-dubious-experts-say/</ref><ref>Microsoft censors The Pirate Bay links from IM - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/03/26/microsoft_censors_pirate_bay_im/</ref><br />
* The United Kingdom: in February of 2012 the British High Court ruled that all major internet service providers in the UK must block The Pirate Bay's site because of possible implications for breaking copyright law. This ban was essentially ineffective due to various ways to technologically circumvent the block and The Pirate Bay actually was noted as saying that they should write a "thank-you note" because their traffic actually took a bump up. <ref>The Pirate Bay claims record number of visitors following ISP ban - Crave | http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/pirate-bay-claims-record-number-of-visitors-following-isp-ban-50007855/</ref><br />
* Sweden: Swedish ISP Black Internet, which had already complied with a court order to stop hosting for The Pirate Bay (the site had since found hosting elsewhere) went beyond the court-ordered injunction to block it's customers from viewing The Pirate Bay's website. Black Internet allegedly created this block to avoid potential punitive fines. <ref>Swedish ISP bars users from The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/27488/20100628/</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
===Considerations for The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay is at the heart of the international anti-copyright movement, called "the most visible member of a burgeoning international anti-copyright" <ref>The Internet sure loves its outlaws - LA Times | http://www.latimes.com/technology/la-ca-webscout29apr29,0,5609754.story</ref>. Other activist organizations include various registered and non-registered Pirate political parties, which are mostly active in Europe <ref>Pirate Party - Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_party</ref>. The Pirate Party goals include a "fundamental reform" of copyright law, abolishing the patent system, and limiting commercial copyright to five years<ref>Piratpartiat | http://www.piratpartiet.se/international/english</ref>. The Pirate Bay furthers these goals by operating their website as a free way to copy and share for non-commercial use.<br />
<br />
Although artists are historically opposed to anti-copyright groups some of them take the opposite approach and use The Pirate Bay as an opportunity for viral marketing. These artists work with The Pirate Bay (casually rebranded as The Promo Bay) to make their works available on The Pirate Bay's website for free. The Promo Bay has helped promote the band Throes+The Shine, the videogame McPixel, and the film Ha<<itat. One recording artist, Dan Bull, made his single available on The Pirate Bay and expressed the goal of "conquering the pop charts" to show "'them' that there's another way."<ref>The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/doodles</ref><br />
<br />
===Criticism against The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay's stance on copyright law has made it the posterchild for internet piracy. One of the main organizations combating internet piracy is the Recording Industry Association of America, who claims that internet piracy like that which The Pirate Bay enables is responsible for billions of dollars of lost revenue and the decline of record sales. <ref>Who music theft hurts - RIAA | http://www.riaa.com/physicalpiracy.php?content_selector=piracy_details_online</ref> Another organization, the Motion Picture Association of America, has said that The Pirate Bay "enables rampant copyright theft" on the internet and calls the operators of the site "criminals." <ref>http://www.webcitation.org/5ludmVPre</ref><br />
<br />
Apart from copyright concerns The Pirate Bay has also faced criticism as to the type of torrents that it allows to be hosted on the site, including autopsy photos of murdered children from a Swedish criminal investigation. Despite pleas from the father of the children the site refused to take down the torrent in question. The Pirate Bay spokesman said of the issue "I don’t think it’s our job to judge of something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet."<ref>Arboga autopsy photos on The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/14168/20080905/</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Peer_to_peer_network_1.png|thumb|border|right|middle]]<br />
==Security==<br />
On May 31, 2006, Swedish police raided ten locations in a crackdown on the Pirate Bay. Several servers were confiscated including those belonging to advocacy group [[Wiki:Piratbyrån|Piratbyrån]], and the site shut down for three days as a result of the raids<ref>Swedish police scupper Piratebay - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/05/31/piratebay_raid/</ref><ref>May 31, 2006: Pirate Bay Raided, Shuttered - Wired | http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/05/0531swedish-police-raid-pirate-bay/</ref>. The site quickly resurfaced on temporary hosting in the Netherlands, and experienced a popularity boost from the press generated by the raid. Before the end of 2006, the Pirate Bay returned to Sweden, this time placing redundant servers in two other countries. This was done so that if the site were shut down in one country, it would only take a few minutes to get it back online<ref>Secrets of The Pirate Bay - Wired | http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/08/71543?currentPage=all</ref>.<br />
<br />
On October 17, 2012, Winston Brahma of The Pirate Bay announced that the site would now be hosted by several cloud companies in multiple countries. The Pirate Bay currently owns and operates a load balancer and a transit router, which are located in separate countries from the cloud servers. These help prevent the cloud service providers from knowing exactly what they are hosting, and protect the privacy of users. They also work to make a shutdown of the Pirate Bay backed by only one country ineffective. If the load balancer loses contact with the servers for more than eight hours, the servers automatically shut down, eliminating the ability of the police to access their data<ref>The Pirate Cloud - The Pirate Bay | http://tpb.pirateparty.org.uk/blog/224</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud, bcomes raid-proof - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-becomes-raid-proof-121017/</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud to evade the police - Extreme Tech | http://www.extremetech.com/computing/138037-the-pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-to-evade-the-police</ref>.<br />
<br />
As of 2012, The Pirate Bay has also toyed wit the idea of actualizing their vision of cloud computing, literally. The Pirate Bay posted on their official blog that they are planning to experiment putting servers into low space orbit using radio-controlled drones to avoid being raided by ground-based police. While they will continue to only host the magnet links that they have been hosting terrestrially, this will make raiding and shutting down their servers much more onerous.<ref>The Pirate Bay Plans To Launch Space Servers | http://www.tweaktown.com/news/23064/the_pirate_bay_plans_to_launch_space_servers_to_prevent_being_raided/index.html</ref><br />
<br />
In countries where the site has been banned, some proxies continue to try to offer access to the public. This has caused some to take legal action. Specifically, the music industry in the United Kingdom has threatened legal action in order to ensure the artists receive their due compensation.<ref>BBC article on Pirate Party [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699]</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay|Wikipedia article on the Pirate Bay]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Piratbyr%C3%A5n|The Pirate Bureau]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Internet_piracy|Wikipedia Article on Internet Piracy]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|Wikipedia article on BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[File Sharing]]<br />
* [[Digital Piracy]]<br />
* [[BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[Stop Online Piracy Act]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category: Websites]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=The_Pirate_Bay&diff=102830The Pirate Bay2021-04-19T19:21:19Z<p>Alexwong: added content section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:tpb_logo.png|thumb|border|right|middle|The Pirate Bay's Logo]]<br />
'''The Pirate Bay''', self-proclaimed "Galaxy's most resilient BitTorrent site", is one of the largest file-sharing websites in the world. The Pirate Bay's Alexa rankings place it in the top 100 most-visited sites in the world and in the top 20 in the site's home country of Sweden.<ref>Alexa Top Sites | http://www.alexa.com/topsites</ref> The site's popularity has lead to various legal and ethical concerns and censorship by some countries and internet service providers. Despite these ethical concerns, the site is still active today. The founders of the site are also major supporters of other anti-copyright groups both in Sweden and internationally.<br />
<br />
==History and Overview==<br />
The Pirate Bay was founded in 2003 by a Swedish organization known as The Piracy Bureau (Piratbyrån) but has been an independent organization since 2004. Since Sweden at the time didn't have any sort of filesharing network of it's own, the Piratbyrån decided to utilize the relatively new Bittorrent protocol in the design of their site <ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref>. Since then the Pirate Bay's goal is to be a reliable tracker for torrent files (an explanation of torrenting technology can be found [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|here]]) and to serve as an open repository for all such torrent files. The founders of The Pirate Bay wanted the site to be the start of a filesharing community in Sweden and Scandinavia, and originally focussed on having local content available on their site. The first of the Pirate Bay's collection of servers was a laptop of one of the founders, which quickly became overwhelmed as The Pirate Bay garnered interest from not only Sweden but around the world. <br />
<br />
The administrators of The Pirate Bay are as hands-off as possible and will only remove torrents if the name is inconsistent with the content of the torrent. They've been accused of copyright violations by several national and international organizations and been raided by law enforcement authorities on several occasions as well. However, to this day they are still available as one of the world's most popular torrent sites.<ref>About - The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/about</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref><br />
<br />
==Content==<br />
The Pirate Bay is a website that allows users to search for magnet links. These magnet links are used to initiate peer-to-peer networks between users which can then be used to transfer files. These magnet links are organized by categories such as Audio, Applications, Video, Games, Porn, and Other. In order to use magnet links the user must also have a bitTorrent client downloaded. Beyond just searching for magnet links the website also allows for users to browse them by category, popularity, and time posted.<br />
<br />
==Finances==<br />
With it's massive popularity throughout the years the Pirate Bay has always needed a steady flow of money to afford hosting the website. The Pirate Bay has come under criticism for accepting donations from various right wing groups and individuals. The most notable being Carl Lundstrom a right wing entrepreneur whose donation made it possible for pirate bay to survive in its early stages. Beyond high profile donations the website receives funds through public donations. From 2004 to 2006 the site had a donate link that would grant users perks such as no advertisements and VIP status on the site. In 2013 the site published an address for users to donate Bitcoin and Litecoin. Aside from donations the site also makes money through merchandise. Various pirate bay related products can be bought on a webstore linked to the Pirate Bay website. The main form of income that Pirate Bay receives is through advertisement. It is debated whether or not Pirate Bay is profitable. During a 2009 trial the prosecuting team alleged that Pirate Bay was making over 1.4 million dollars USD a year. The police and the Pirate Bay's lawyers put the revenue number closer to 100,000. It is unclear whether or not the server and bandwidth costs exceed the revenue that Pirate Bay brings in.<br />
<br />
==The Pirate Bay Trial==<br />
[[File:PirateBay_1298673c.jpeg|300px|right|The founders of Pirate Bay, Gottfrid Svartholm Varg (middle) and Peter Sundin (right)]]<br />
In January of 2008 a lawsuit was brought against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, Peter Sunde, and Carl Lundstrom (all major forces behind The Pirate Bay) by Swedish prosecutors for charges of copyright infringement. Half of the 34 charges were almost immediately dropped but the other half resulted in Neij, Svartholm, Sudne, and Lundstrom receiving a fine of 30 million Swedish krona (which was later increased) and being sentenced to a year in jail (which was later decreased) <ref>Charges filed against the Pirate Bay four - IDG.se | http://www.idg.se/2.1085/1.143146</ref>. The four defendants attempted to appeal to the Swedish Supreme Court in 2012 but was denied <ref>Pirate Bay founders' prison sentence final as Supreme Court appeal is rejected - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founders-prison-sentences-final-supreme-court-appeal-rejected-120201/</ref>.<br />
<br />
During the trial, which made headlines in Swedish newspapers for several days straight, the defendants, including Svartholm and Neij, based much of their defense on the fact that they didn't know the legality of their actions and various contracts and agreements they'd signed. Notably, when Neij was asked about a contract he'd signed when he registered The Pirate Bay's domain name, in which he agreed that he'd oversee operations for the site, his defense was "But I didn't read it." <ref><br />
Pirate Bay: we don't know nothin' about org charts, contracts - Ars Technica | http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/02/pirate-bay-we-dont-know-nothin-about-org-charts-contracts/</ref><br />
<br />
==Censorship==<br />
Various countries worldwide have attempted to censor or block The Pirate Bay in some form or another (a full list can be found [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay#Blocking|here]]) but there are some countries whose efforts are of note: <ref>The Pirate Bay - Wikiped | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_pirate_bay</ref><br />
* The United States of America: both [[Facebook]] and [[Microsoft]] have been restricting sharing of The Pirate Bay links on their services, citing security concerns for users and the possibility of users breaking their Terms of Service by clicking on the links <ref>Facebook email censorship is legally dubious, experts say - Wired | http://www.wired.com/business/2009/05/facebooks-e-mail-censorship-is-legally-dubious-experts-say/</ref><ref>Microsoft censors The Pirate Bay links from IM - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/03/26/microsoft_censors_pirate_bay_im/</ref><br />
* The United Kingdom: in February of 2012 the British High Court ruled that all major internet service providers in the UK must block The Pirate Bay's site because of possible implications for breaking copyright law. This ban was essentially ineffective due to various ways to technologically circumvent the block and The Pirate Bay actually was noted as saying that they should write a "thank-you note" because their traffic actually took a bump up. <ref>The Pirate Bay claims record number of visitors following ISP ban - Crave | http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/pirate-bay-claims-record-number-of-visitors-following-isp-ban-50007855/</ref><br />
* Sweden: Swedish ISP Black Internet, which had already complied with a court order to stop hosting for The Pirate Bay (the site had since found hosting elsewhere) went beyond the court-ordered injunction to block it's customers from viewing The Pirate Bay's website. Black Internet allegedly created this block to avoid potential punitive fines. <ref>Swedish ISP bars users from The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/27488/20100628/</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
===Considerations for The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay is at the heart of the international anti-copyright movement, called "the most visible member of a burgeoning international anti-copyright" <ref>The Internet sure loves its outlaws - LA Times | http://www.latimes.com/technology/la-ca-webscout29apr29,0,5609754.story</ref>. Other activist organizations include various registered and non-registered Pirate political parties, which are mostly active in Europe <ref>Pirate Party - Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_party</ref>. The Pirate Party goals include a "fundamental reform" of copyright law, abolishing the patent system, and limiting commercial copyright to five years<ref>Piratpartiat | http://www.piratpartiet.se/international/english</ref>. The Pirate Bay furthers these goals by operating their website as a free way to copy and share for non-commercial use.<br />
<br />
Although artists are historically opposed to anti-copyright groups some of them take the opposite approach and use The Pirate Bay as an opportunity for viral marketing. These artists work with The Pirate Bay (casually rebranded as The Promo Bay) to make their works available on The Pirate Bay's website for free. The Promo Bay has helped promote the band Throes+The Shine, the videogame McPixel, and the film Ha<<itat. One recording artist, Dan Bull, made his single available on The Pirate Bay and expressed the goal of "conquering the pop charts" to show "'them' that there's another way."<ref>The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/doodles</ref><br />
<br />
===Criticism against The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay's stance on copyright law has made it the posterchild for internet piracy. One of the main organizations combating internet piracy is the Recording Industry Association of America, who claims that internet piracy like that which The Pirate Bay enables is responsible for billions of dollars of lost revenue and the decline of record sales. <ref>Who music theft hurts - RIAA | http://www.riaa.com/physicalpiracy.php?content_selector=piracy_details_online</ref> Another organization, the Motion Picture Association of America, has said that The Pirate Bay "enables rampant copyright theft" on the internet and calls the operators of the site "criminals." <ref>http://www.webcitation.org/5ludmVPre</ref><br />
<br />
Apart from copyright concerns The Pirate Bay has also faced criticism as to the type of torrents that it allows to be hosted on the site, including autopsy photos of murdered children from a Swedish criminal investigation. Despite pleas from the father of the children the site refused to take down the torrent in question. The Pirate Bay spokesman said of the issue "I don’t think it’s our job to judge of something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet."<ref>Arboga autopsy photos on The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/14168/20080905/</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Peer_to_peer_network_1.png|thumb|border|right|middle]]<br />
==Security==<br />
On May 31, 2006, Swedish police raided ten locations in a crackdown on the Pirate Bay. Several servers were confiscated including those belonging to advocacy group [[Wiki:Piratbyrån|Piratbyrån]], and the site shut down for three days as a result of the raids<ref>Swedish police scupper Piratebay - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/05/31/piratebay_raid/</ref><ref>May 31, 2006: Pirate Bay Raided, Shuttered - Wired | http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/05/0531swedish-police-raid-pirate-bay/</ref>. The site quickly resurfaced on temporary hosting in the Netherlands, and experienced a popularity boost from the press generated by the raid. Before the end of 2006, the Pirate Bay returned to Sweden, this time placing redundant servers in two other countries. This was done so that if the site were shut down in one country, it would only take a few minutes to get it back online<ref>Secrets of The Pirate Bay - Wired | http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/08/71543?currentPage=all</ref>.<br />
<br />
On October 17, 2012, Winston Brahma of The Pirate Bay announced that the site would now be hosted by several cloud companies in multiple countries. The Pirate Bay currently owns and operates a load balancer and a transit router, which are located in separate countries from the cloud servers. These help prevent the cloud service providers from knowing exactly what they are hosting, and protect the privacy of users. They also work to make a shutdown of the Pirate Bay backed by only one country ineffective. If the load balancer loses contact with the servers for more than eight hours, the servers automatically shut down, eliminating the ability of the police to access their data<ref>The Pirate Cloud - The Pirate Bay | http://tpb.pirateparty.org.uk/blog/224</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud, bcomes raid-proof - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-becomes-raid-proof-121017/</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud to evade the police - Extreme Tech | http://www.extremetech.com/computing/138037-the-pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-to-evade-the-police</ref>.<br />
<br />
As of 2012, The Pirate Bay has also toyed wit the idea of actualizing their vision of cloud computing, literally. The Pirate Bay posted on their official blog that they are planning to experiment putting servers into low space orbit using radio-controlled drones to avoid being raided by ground-based police. While they will continue to only host the magnet links that they have been hosting terrestrially, this will make raiding and shutting down their servers much more onerous.<ref>The Pirate Bay Plans To Launch Space Servers | http://www.tweaktown.com/news/23064/the_pirate_bay_plans_to_launch_space_servers_to_prevent_being_raided/index.html</ref><br />
<br />
In countries where the site has been banned, some proxies continue to try to offer access to the public. This has caused some to take legal action. Specifically, the music industry in the United Kingdom has threatened legal action in order to ensure the artists receive their due compensation.<ref>BBC article on Pirate Party [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699]</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay|Wikipedia article on the Pirate Bay]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Piratbyr%C3%A5n|The Pirate Bureau]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Internet_piracy|Wikipedia Article on Internet Piracy]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|Wikipedia article on BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[File Sharing]]<br />
* [[Digital Piracy]]<br />
* [[BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[Stop Online Piracy Act]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category: Websites]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=The_Pirate_Bay&diff=102822The Pirate Bay2021-04-19T18:51:45Z<p>Alexwong: added finances section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:tpb_logo.png|thumb|border|right|middle|The Pirate Bay's Logo]]<br />
'''The Pirate Bay''', self-proclaimed "Galaxy's most resilient BitTorrent site", is one of the largest file-sharing websites in the world. The Pirate Bay's Alexa rankings place it in the top 100 most-visited sites in the world and in the top 20 in the site's home country of Sweden.<ref>Alexa Top Sites | http://www.alexa.com/topsites</ref> The site's popularity has lead to various legal and ethical concerns and censorship by some countries and internet service providers. Despite these ethical concerns, the site is still active today. The founders of the site are also major supporters of other anti-copyright groups both in Sweden and internationally.<br />
<br />
==History and Overview==<br />
The Pirate Bay was founded in 2003 by a Swedish organization known as The Piracy Bureau (Piratbyrån) but has been an independent organization since 2004. Since Sweden at the time didn't have any sort of filesharing network of it's own, the Piratbyrån decided to utilize the relatively new Bittorrent protocol in the design of their site <ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref>. Since then the Pirate Bay's goal is to be a reliable tracker for torrent files (an explanation of torrenting technology can be found [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|here]]) and to serve as an open repository for all such torrent files. The founders of The Pirate Bay wanted the site to be the start of a filesharing community in Sweden and Scandinavia, and originally focussed on having local content available on their site. The first of the Pirate Bay's collection of servers was a laptop of one of the founders, which quickly became overwhelmed as The Pirate Bay garnered interest from not only Sweden but around the world. <br />
<br />
The administrators of The Pirate Bay are as hands-off as possible and will only remove torrents if the name is inconsistent with the content of the torrent. They've been accused of copyright violations by several national and international organizations and been raided by law enforcement authorities on several occasions as well. However, to this day they are still available as one of the world's most popular torrent sites.<ref>About - The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/about</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref><br />
<br />
==Finances==<br />
With it's massive popularity throughout the years the Pirate Bay has always needed a steady flow of money to afford hosting the website. The Pirate Bay has come under criticism for accepting donations from various right wing groups and individuals. The most notable being Carl Lundstrom a right wing entrepreneur whose donation made it possible for pirate bay to survive in its early stages. Beyond high profile donations the website receives funds through public donations. From 2004 to 2006 the site had a donate link that would grant users perks such as no advertisements and VIP status on the site. In 2013 the site published an address for users to donate Bitcoin and Litecoin. Aside from donations the site also makes money through merchandise. Various pirate bay related products can be bought on a webstore linked to the Pirate Bay website. The main form of income that Pirate Bay receives is through advertisement. It is debated whether or not Pirate Bay is profitable. During a 2009 trial the prosecuting team alleged that Pirate Bay was making over 1.4 million dollars USD a year. The police and the Pirate Bay's lawyers put the revenue number closer to 100,000. It is unclear whether or not the server and bandwidth costs exceed the revenue that Pirate Bay brings in.<br />
<br />
==The Pirate Bay Trial==<br />
[[File:PirateBay_1298673c.jpeg|300px|right|The founders of Pirate Bay, Gottfrid Svartholm Varg (middle) and Peter Sundin (right)]]<br />
In January of 2008 a lawsuit was brought against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, Peter Sunde, and Carl Lundstrom (all major forces behind The Pirate Bay) by Swedish prosecutors for charges of copyright infringement. Half of the 34 charges were almost immediately dropped but the other half resulted in Neij, Svartholm, Sudne, and Lundstrom receiving a fine of 30 million Swedish krona (which was later increased) and being sentenced to a year in jail (which was later decreased) <ref>Charges filed against the Pirate Bay four - IDG.se | http://www.idg.se/2.1085/1.143146</ref>. The four defendants attempted to appeal to the Swedish Supreme Court in 2012 but was denied <ref>Pirate Bay founders' prison sentence final as Supreme Court appeal is rejected - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founders-prison-sentences-final-supreme-court-appeal-rejected-120201/</ref>.<br />
<br />
During the trial, which made headlines in Swedish newspapers for several days straight, the defendants, including Svartholm and Neij, based much of their defense on the fact that they didn't know the legality of their actions and various contracts and agreements they'd signed. Notably, when Neij was asked about a contract he'd signed when he registered The Pirate Bay's domain name, in which he agreed that he'd oversee operations for the site, his defense was "But I didn't read it." <ref><br />
Pirate Bay: we don't know nothin' about org charts, contracts - Ars Technica | http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/02/pirate-bay-we-dont-know-nothin-about-org-charts-contracts/</ref><br />
<br />
==Censorship==<br />
Various countries worldwide have attempted to censor or block The Pirate Bay in some form or another (a full list can be found [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay#Blocking|here]]) but there are some countries whose efforts are of note: <ref>The Pirate Bay - Wikiped | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_pirate_bay</ref><br />
* The United States of America: both [[Facebook]] and [[Microsoft]] have been restricting sharing of The Pirate Bay links on their services, citing security concerns for users and the possibility of users breaking their Terms of Service by clicking on the links <ref>Facebook email censorship is legally dubious, experts say - Wired | http://www.wired.com/business/2009/05/facebooks-e-mail-censorship-is-legally-dubious-experts-say/</ref><ref>Microsoft censors The Pirate Bay links from IM - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/03/26/microsoft_censors_pirate_bay_im/</ref><br />
* The United Kingdom: in February of 2012 the British High Court ruled that all major internet service providers in the UK must block The Pirate Bay's site because of possible implications for breaking copyright law. This ban was essentially ineffective due to various ways to technologically circumvent the block and The Pirate Bay actually was noted as saying that they should write a "thank-you note" because their traffic actually took a bump up. <ref>The Pirate Bay claims record number of visitors following ISP ban - Crave | http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/pirate-bay-claims-record-number-of-visitors-following-isp-ban-50007855/</ref><br />
* Sweden: Swedish ISP Black Internet, which had already complied with a court order to stop hosting for The Pirate Bay (the site had since found hosting elsewhere) went beyond the court-ordered injunction to block it's customers from viewing The Pirate Bay's website. Black Internet allegedly created this block to avoid potential punitive fines. <ref>Swedish ISP bars users from The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/27488/20100628/</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
===Considerations for The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay is at the heart of the international anti-copyright movement, called "the most visible member of a burgeoning international anti-copyright" <ref>The Internet sure loves its outlaws - LA Times | http://www.latimes.com/technology/la-ca-webscout29apr29,0,5609754.story</ref>. Other activist organizations include various registered and non-registered Pirate political parties, which are mostly active in Europe <ref>Pirate Party - Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_party</ref>. The Pirate Party goals include a "fundamental reform" of copyright law, abolishing the patent system, and limiting commercial copyright to five years<ref>Piratpartiat | http://www.piratpartiet.se/international/english</ref>. The Pirate Bay furthers these goals by operating their website as a free way to copy and share for non-commercial use.<br />
<br />
Although artists are historically opposed to anti-copyright groups some of them take the opposite approach and use The Pirate Bay as an opportunity for viral marketing. These artists work with The Pirate Bay (casually rebranded as The Promo Bay) to make their works available on The Pirate Bay's website for free. The Promo Bay has helped promote the band Throes+The Shine, the videogame McPixel, and the film Ha<<itat. One recording artist, Dan Bull, made his single available on The Pirate Bay and expressed the goal of "conquering the pop charts" to show "'them' that there's another way."<ref>The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/doodles</ref><br />
<br />
===Criticism against The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay's stance on copyright law has made it the posterchild for internet piracy. One of the main organizations combating internet piracy is the Recording Industry Association of America, who claims that internet piracy like that which The Pirate Bay enables is responsible for billions of dollars of lost revenue and the decline of record sales. <ref>Who music theft hurts - RIAA | http://www.riaa.com/physicalpiracy.php?content_selector=piracy_details_online</ref> Another organization, the Motion Picture Association of America, has said that The Pirate Bay "enables rampant copyright theft" on the internet and calls the operators of the site "criminals." <ref>http://www.webcitation.org/5ludmVPre</ref><br />
<br />
Apart from copyright concerns The Pirate Bay has also faced criticism as to the type of torrents that it allows to be hosted on the site, including autopsy photos of murdered children from a Swedish criminal investigation. Despite pleas from the father of the children the site refused to take down the torrent in question. The Pirate Bay spokesman said of the issue "I don’t think it’s our job to judge of something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet."<ref>Arboga autopsy photos on The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/14168/20080905/</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Peer_to_peer_network_1.png|thumb|border|right|middle]]<br />
==Security==<br />
On May 31, 2006, Swedish police raided ten locations in a crackdown on the Pirate Bay. Several servers were confiscated including those belonging to advocacy group [[Wiki:Piratbyrån|Piratbyrån]], and the site shut down for three days as a result of the raids<ref>Swedish police scupper Piratebay - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/05/31/piratebay_raid/</ref><ref>May 31, 2006: Pirate Bay Raided, Shuttered - Wired | http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/05/0531swedish-police-raid-pirate-bay/</ref>. The site quickly resurfaced on temporary hosting in the Netherlands, and experienced a popularity boost from the press generated by the raid. Before the end of 2006, the Pirate Bay returned to Sweden, this time placing redundant servers in two other countries. This was done so that if the site were shut down in one country, it would only take a few minutes to get it back online<ref>Secrets of The Pirate Bay - Wired | http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/08/71543?currentPage=all</ref>.<br />
<br />
On October 17, 2012, Winston Brahma of The Pirate Bay announced that the site would now be hosted by several cloud companies in multiple countries. The Pirate Bay currently owns and operates a load balancer and a transit router, which are located in separate countries from the cloud servers. These help prevent the cloud service providers from knowing exactly what they are hosting, and protect the privacy of users. They also work to make a shutdown of the Pirate Bay backed by only one country ineffective. If the load balancer loses contact with the servers for more than eight hours, the servers automatically shut down, eliminating the ability of the police to access their data<ref>The Pirate Cloud - The Pirate Bay | http://tpb.pirateparty.org.uk/blog/224</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud, bcomes raid-proof - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-becomes-raid-proof-121017/</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud to evade the police - Extreme Tech | http://www.extremetech.com/computing/138037-the-pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-to-evade-the-police</ref>.<br />
<br />
As of 2012, The Pirate Bay has also toyed wit the idea of actualizing their vision of cloud computing, literally. The Pirate Bay posted on their official blog that they are planning to experiment putting servers into low space orbit using radio-controlled drones to avoid being raided by ground-based police. While they will continue to only host the magnet links that they have been hosting terrestrially, this will make raiding and shutting down their servers much more onerous.<ref>The Pirate Bay Plans To Launch Space Servers | http://www.tweaktown.com/news/23064/the_pirate_bay_plans_to_launch_space_servers_to_prevent_being_raided/index.html</ref><br />
<br />
In countries where the site has been banned, some proxies continue to try to offer access to the public. This has caused some to take legal action. Specifically, the music industry in the United Kingdom has threatened legal action in order to ensure the artists receive their due compensation.<ref>BBC article on Pirate Party [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699]</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay|Wikipedia article on the Pirate Bay]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Piratbyr%C3%A5n|The Pirate Bureau]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Internet_piracy|Wikipedia Article on Internet Piracy]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|Wikipedia article on BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[File Sharing]]<br />
* [[Digital Piracy]]<br />
* [[BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[Stop Online Piracy Act]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category: Websites]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=The_Pirate_Bay&diff=102814The Pirate Bay2021-04-19T18:17:06Z<p>Alexwong: added image showing p2p connection</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:tpb_logo.png|thumb|border|right|middle|The Pirate Bay's Logo]]<br />
'''The Pirate Bay''', self-proclaimed "Galaxy's most resilient BitTorrent site", is one of the largest file-sharing websites in the world. The Pirate Bay's Alexa rankings place it in the top 100 most-visited sites in the world and in the top 20 in the site's home country of Sweden.<ref>Alexa Top Sites | http://www.alexa.com/topsites</ref> The site's popularity has lead to various legal and ethical concerns and censorship by some countries and internet service providers. Despite these ethical concerns, the site is still active today. The founders of the site are also major supporters of other anti-copyright groups both in Sweden and internationally.<br />
<br />
==History and Overview==<br />
The Pirate Bay was founded in 2003 by a Swedish organization known as The Piracy Bureau (Piratbyrån) but has been an independent organization since 2004. Since Sweden at the time didn't have any sort of filesharing network of it's own, the Piratbyrån decided to utilize the relatively new Bittorrent protocol in the design of their site <ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref>. Since then the Pirate Bay's goal is to be a reliable tracker for torrent files (an explanation of torrenting technology can be found [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|here]]) and to serve as an open repository for all such torrent files. The founders of The Pirate Bay wanted the site to be the start of a filesharing community in Sweden and Scandinavia, and originally focussed on having local content available on their site. The first of the Pirate Bay's collection of servers was a laptop of one of the founders, which quickly became overwhelmed as The Pirate Bay garnered interest from not only Sweden but around the world. <br />
<br />
The administrators of The Pirate Bay are as hands-off as possible and will only remove torrents if the name is inconsistent with the content of the torrent. They've been accused of copyright violations by several national and international organizations and been raided by law enforcement authorities on several occasions as well. However, to this day they are still available as one of the world's most popular torrent sites.<ref>About - The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/about</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay Celebrates it's 9th Anniversity - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-celebrates-9th-anniversary-a-brief-history-120915/</ref><br />
<br />
==The Pirate Bay Trial==<br />
[[File:PirateBay_1298673c.jpeg|300px|right|The founders of Pirate Bay, Gottfrid Svartholm Varg (middle) and Peter Sundin (right)]]<br />
In January of 2008 a lawsuit was brought against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, Peter Sunde, and Carl Lundstrom (all major forces behind The Pirate Bay) by Swedish prosecutors for charges of copyright infringement. Half of the 34 charges were almost immediately dropped but the other half resulted in Neij, Svartholm, Sudne, and Lundstrom receiving a fine of 30 million Swedish krona (which was later increased) and being sentenced to a year in jail (which was later decreased) <ref>Charges filed against the Pirate Bay four - IDG.se | http://www.idg.se/2.1085/1.143146</ref>. The four defendants attempted to appeal to the Swedish Supreme Court in 2012 but was denied <ref>Pirate Bay founders' prison sentence final as Supreme Court appeal is rejected - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founders-prison-sentences-final-supreme-court-appeal-rejected-120201/</ref>.<br />
<br />
During the trial, which made headlines in Swedish newspapers for several days straight, the defendants, including Svartholm and Neij, based much of their defense on the fact that they didn't know the legality of their actions and various contracts and agreements they'd signed. Notably, when Neij was asked about a contract he'd signed when he registered The Pirate Bay's domain name, in which he agreed that he'd oversee operations for the site, his defense was "But I didn't read it." <ref><br />
Pirate Bay: we don't know nothin' about org charts, contracts - Ars Technica | http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/02/pirate-bay-we-dont-know-nothin-about-org-charts-contracts/</ref><br />
<br />
==Censorship==<br />
Various countries worldwide have attempted to censor or block The Pirate Bay in some form or another (a full list can be found [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay#Blocking|here]]) but there are some countries whose efforts are of note: <ref>The Pirate Bay - Wikiped | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_pirate_bay</ref><br />
* The United States of America: both [[Facebook]] and [[Microsoft]] have been restricting sharing of The Pirate Bay links on their services, citing security concerns for users and the possibility of users breaking their Terms of Service by clicking on the links <ref>Facebook email censorship is legally dubious, experts say - Wired | http://www.wired.com/business/2009/05/facebooks-e-mail-censorship-is-legally-dubious-experts-say/</ref><ref>Microsoft censors The Pirate Bay links from IM - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/03/26/microsoft_censors_pirate_bay_im/</ref><br />
* The United Kingdom: in February of 2012 the British High Court ruled that all major internet service providers in the UK must block The Pirate Bay's site because of possible implications for breaking copyright law. This ban was essentially ineffective due to various ways to technologically circumvent the block and The Pirate Bay actually was noted as saying that they should write a "thank-you note" because their traffic actually took a bump up. <ref>The Pirate Bay claims record number of visitors following ISP ban - Crave | http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/pirate-bay-claims-record-number-of-visitors-following-isp-ban-50007855/</ref><br />
* Sweden: Swedish ISP Black Internet, which had already complied with a court order to stop hosting for The Pirate Bay (the site had since found hosting elsewhere) went beyond the court-ordered injunction to block it's customers from viewing The Pirate Bay's website. Black Internet allegedly created this block to avoid potential punitive fines. <ref>Swedish ISP bars users from The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/27488/20100628/</ref><br />
<br />
==Ethical Issues==<br />
===Considerations for The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay is at the heart of the international anti-copyright movement, called "the most visible member of a burgeoning international anti-copyright" <ref>The Internet sure loves its outlaws - LA Times | http://www.latimes.com/technology/la-ca-webscout29apr29,0,5609754.story</ref>. Other activist organizations include various registered and non-registered Pirate political parties, which are mostly active in Europe <ref>Pirate Party - Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_party</ref>. The Pirate Party goals include a "fundamental reform" of copyright law, abolishing the patent system, and limiting commercial copyright to five years<ref>Piratpartiat | http://www.piratpartiet.se/international/english</ref>. The Pirate Bay furthers these goals by operating their website as a free way to copy and share for non-commercial use.<br />
<br />
Although artists are historically opposed to anti-copyright groups some of them take the opposite approach and use The Pirate Bay as an opportunity for viral marketing. These artists work with The Pirate Bay (casually rebranded as The Promo Bay) to make their works available on The Pirate Bay's website for free. The Promo Bay has helped promote the band Throes+The Shine, the videogame McPixel, and the film Ha<<itat. One recording artist, Dan Bull, made his single available on The Pirate Bay and expressed the goal of "conquering the pop charts" to show "'them' that there's another way."<ref>The Pirate Bay | http://thepiratebay.se/doodles</ref><br />
<br />
===Criticism against The Pirate Bay===<br />
The Pirate Bay's stance on copyright law has made it the posterchild for internet piracy. One of the main organizations combating internet piracy is the Recording Industry Association of America, who claims that internet piracy like that which The Pirate Bay enables is responsible for billions of dollars of lost revenue and the decline of record sales. <ref>Who music theft hurts - RIAA | http://www.riaa.com/physicalpiracy.php?content_selector=piracy_details_online</ref> Another organization, the Motion Picture Association of America, has said that The Pirate Bay "enables rampant copyright theft" on the internet and calls the operators of the site "criminals." <ref>http://www.webcitation.org/5ludmVPre</ref><br />
<br />
Apart from copyright concerns The Pirate Bay has also faced criticism as to the type of torrents that it allows to be hosted on the site, including autopsy photos of murdered children from a Swedish criminal investigation. Despite pleas from the father of the children the site refused to take down the torrent in question. The Pirate Bay spokesman said of the issue "I don’t think it’s our job to judge of something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet."<ref>Arboga autopsy photos on The Pirate Bay - The Local | http://www.thelocal.se/14168/20080905/</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Peer_to_peer_network_1.png|thumb|border|right|middle]]<br />
==Security==<br />
On May 31, 2006, Swedish police raided ten locations in a crackdown on the Pirate Bay. Several servers were confiscated including those belonging to advocacy group [[Wiki:Piratbyrån|Piratbyrån]], and the site shut down for three days as a result of the raids<ref>Swedish police scupper Piratebay - The Register | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/05/31/piratebay_raid/</ref><ref>May 31, 2006: Pirate Bay Raided, Shuttered - Wired | http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/05/0531swedish-police-raid-pirate-bay/</ref>. The site quickly resurfaced on temporary hosting in the Netherlands, and experienced a popularity boost from the press generated by the raid. Before the end of 2006, the Pirate Bay returned to Sweden, this time placing redundant servers in two other countries. This was done so that if the site were shut down in one country, it would only take a few minutes to get it back online<ref>Secrets of The Pirate Bay - Wired | http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/08/71543?currentPage=all</ref>.<br />
<br />
On October 17, 2012, Winston Brahma of The Pirate Bay announced that the site would now be hosted by several cloud companies in multiple countries. The Pirate Bay currently owns and operates a load balancer and a transit router, which are located in separate countries from the cloud servers. These help prevent the cloud service providers from knowing exactly what they are hosting, and protect the privacy of users. They also work to make a shutdown of the Pirate Bay backed by only one country ineffective. If the load balancer loses contact with the servers for more than eight hours, the servers automatically shut down, eliminating the ability of the police to access their data<ref>The Pirate Cloud - The Pirate Bay | http://tpb.pirateparty.org.uk/blog/224</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud, bcomes raid-proof - Torrent Freak | http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-becomes-raid-proof-121017/</ref><ref>The Pirate Bay moves to the cloud to evade the police - Extreme Tech | http://www.extremetech.com/computing/138037-the-pirate-bay-moves-to-the-cloud-to-evade-the-police</ref>.<br />
<br />
As of 2012, The Pirate Bay has also toyed wit the idea of actualizing their vision of cloud computing, literally. The Pirate Bay posted on their official blog that they are planning to experiment putting servers into low space orbit using radio-controlled drones to avoid being raided by ground-based police. While they will continue to only host the magnet links that they have been hosting terrestrially, this will make raiding and shutting down their servers much more onerous.<ref>The Pirate Bay Plans To Launch Space Servers | http://www.tweaktown.com/news/23064/the_pirate_bay_plans_to_launch_space_servers_to_prevent_being_raided/index.html</ref><br />
<br />
In countries where the site has been banned, some proxies continue to try to offer access to the public. This has caused some to take legal action. Specifically, the music industry in the United Kingdom has threatened legal action in order to ensure the artists receive their due compensation.<ref>BBC article on Pirate Party [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20668699]</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:The_pirate_bay|Wikipedia article on the Pirate Bay]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Piratbyr%C3%A5n|The Pirate Bureau]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Internet_piracy|Wikipedia Article on Internet Piracy]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:BitTorrent_(protocol)|Wikipedia article on BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[File Sharing]]<br />
* [[Digital Piracy]]<br />
* [[BitTorrent]]<br />
* [[Stop Online Piracy Act]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
[[Category: Websites]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Peer_to_peer_network_1.png&diff=102813File:Peer to peer network 1.png2021-04-19T18:15:48Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Palantir_Technologies&diff=101718Palantir Technologies2021-04-13T02:09:41Z<p>Alexwong: added refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=350 <br />
| NAME = Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| TYPE = Privately held software company<br />
| LAUNCH= May 2003<br />
|LOGO=Empty.png<br />
|PRODUCT=Palantir Gotham, Palantir Foundry<br />
|SCREENIMAGE= Palantir_company_logo.png<br />
| CAPTION= Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| PLATFORM= Data Analytics<br />
|IMAGEURL= https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= palantir.com<br />
}}<br />
'''Palantir Technologies''' is an American data analytics company. It writes software that organizes, secures, and analyzes large sets of data<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ice-explainer-data-startup-2019-7 </ref>. Through word-of-mouth, many defense, intelligence, and other government agencies enlisted Palantir, including the Department of Defense, CIA, NSA, FBI, CDC, FDA, SEC, and the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board. Palantir has expanded to serve international clients as well. Due to Palantir's clients and the datasets that they work with, some of their projects are considered controversial.<br />
==Background==<br />
During the early days of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal PayPal], many criminal organizations such as, the Russian mafia, were stealing a large amount of money through fraudulent transactions. In order to restore PayPal, management hired many computer scientists from Stanford to develop an automated system that would catch fraudulent actions. Programmers changed course and created a system that provided assistance sorting through large amounts of data to identify fraud instead of just "solving the problem". This approach and software is what gave rise to Palantir Technologies, which currently grows within various fields and organizations such as national security and within the commercial space <ref name= ndupress>https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-77/jfq-77_76-83_Herr.pdf</ref>. <br />
<br />
[[File:Peter.jpeg|thumbnail|Peter Theil, founder of Palantir Technologies <ref name= Peter>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel</ref>]]<br />
Palantir was founded by Peter Theil in May of 2003 <ref name="founding">http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2796/9999999997-05-014327.pdf.</ref>. In 2004, Thiel appointed his former Stanford law colleague Alex Karp as the CEO of Palantir. The CIA then became one of Palantir's first customers in 2005 for intelligence analytics. Palantir was named after the seeing stone in Toliken's legendarium. After Palantir obtained other government agencies as clients, they opened a new office in the Washington DC suburb of McLean, VA. They later diversified their clients beyond government agencies. They landed their first private-sector client, J.P. Morgan Chase, in 2009, and they helped them develop software to detect fraud. After this, they acquired other clients in many different industries, such as pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, healthcare providers, legal professionals, and commercial lenders.<ref name="history">https://web.archive.org/web/20140516035733/http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Palantir Code of Conduct==<br />
The company lays out six core commitments towards their ethical values <ref name=code>https://s26.q4cdn.com/381064750/files/doc_downloads/governance/Code-of-Conduct.pdf</ref>. <br />
*Protect Privacy and Civil Liberties<br />
*Follow the Law<br />
*Respect Our Customers<br />
*Maintain a Safe and Positive Environment<br />
*Avoid Conflicts of Interest<br />
*Act with Integrity<br />
<br />
==Customers==<br />
Palantir is known for their government contracts but they also have dealings with Corporate customers. Some companies that utilize their services are Merck KGaA, Airbus, Ferrari. Popular clients also large banks, hedge funds, financial services.<ref>[https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/11/leaked-palantir-doc-reveals-uses-specific-functions-and-key-clients/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAADVDIW_WGuYlxOdmndz-WwY_HWbEhd8fEn2P8YepGEKGcbqbhfP22Ud461akdhW6VEPaZcnYN09liHSpojvyzXL-GHHjeBnKlE04nxqAUgmWfYmeiWp6dHk2uIz-UvU-3vr4uEKqwL0RJHiGaHysuZUcZCAKsnqQrbDhob9CPNDX]</ref> Many public entities also use Palantir's software including National Institute of Health, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and World Food Programme. In October 2020 Palantir also began helping out the federal government form a logistics system for manufacturing and distributing the COVID-19 vaccines throughout the country. Most famously Palantir is known for working with various government groups such as the NSA, FBI, and the DHS. Palantir has helped the integration of data links between different agencies preventing the issue of information siloing. In 2019 Palantir was contracted by the Pentagon to develop AI unmanned drones for bombings and intelligence.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-took-over-from-google-on-project-maven-2019-12]</ref><br />
<br />
==Products==<br />
Palanitir is most well known for three products: Palantir Gotham, Palantir Metropolis, and Palantir Foundry. Gotham is mainly used by counter-terrorism analysts in the United States Intelligenmce Community, the United States Department of Defense, the Recovery Accountability adn Transparency Board, and the Information Warfare Monitor. Gotham's main features include integrating data from different sources to form a human model tracking and analysis system.<ref>[https://www.palantir.com/palantir-gotham/]</ref> Metropolis is another one of Palantir's products as well as another data tracking and analysis tool. Metropolis is more geared towards corporate customers with it's ability to track and analyze employees on a large scale. Metropolis has been utilized by companies like JPMorgan to monitor their employees. Similarly to Metropolis, Foundry is another data tool that is geared towards businesses. Foundry however has more features dedicated towards data visualization to help companies analyze their data.<ref>[https://www.palantir.com/palantir-foundry/]</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Ethical Controversies==<br />
===Predictive Policing===<br />
Palantir formed a partnership with the New Orleans Police Department in 2012 to create a system to predict who is a driver or victim of violence. To do so, the New Orleans Police department gave Palantir access to the NOPD criminal database, as well as millions of court filings, licenses, addresses, phone numbers, and social media accounts<ref> https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4344815-Nola-hc3-Final-20140403.html#document/p5/a398052</ref>. This was done without notice to the residents of New Orleans or the city council members. Using the information provided to them, Palantir developed a prediction model using a technique called social network analysis to make connections between people, cars, places, weapons, addresses, and other government databases. Officers could then use the prediction model to identify potential victims and assailants based on pieces of information such as a partial license plate number, social media handle, nickname, address, or phone number. Palantir's work in the sector is credited to have decreased the New Orleans homocide rate, however, although the prediction model was used by the New Orleans Police department, it is technically a prototype and could potentially wrongly identify innocent people. <ref> https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/27/17054740/palantir-predictive-policing-tool-new-orleans-nopd </ref> <br />
<br />
The Los Angeles Police Department incorporated a similar system from Palantir, creating a program called Operation Laser. Data from sources such as rap sheets, parole reports, and police interviews are pooled to generate a list of who the LAPD considers chronic offenders. This list is distributed to police officers, who are then encouraged to stop these people for anything possible. This frequently occurs with police officers using simple excuses like jaywalking to tstop them<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2018-palantir-peter-thiel/</ref>.<br />
In 2014, Palantir patented a crime-risk forecasting system and they have tried to expand these programs to other cities' police departments <ref> https://patents.google.com/patent/US9129219?oq=inassignee: </ref>.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Investigative Case Management===<br />
[[File:Ice.png| right | 300px]]<br />
In 2019, Palantir decided to renew a 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management (ICM) system with Immigration and Customs Enforcements. Investigative Case Management is a data management software that enables Immigration and Customs Enforcement to conduct raids and deport illegal immigrants among other things. <ref>https://thehill.com/policy/technology/458170-ice-renews-contract-with-palantir </ref> Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 and is subservient to U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for enforcing immigrations laws and customs. Under President Trump, the federal agency is encouraged to perform raids and deport as many illegal immigrants as possible. <ref>https://www.ice.gov/overview </ref> This decision, made by executives at Palantir, was protested by many employees at Palantir. They expressed their concerns with creating software that would enable Immigration and Customs Enforcement to perform raids on possible illegal aliens. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/03/us/politics/fact-check-ice-immigration-abolish.html </ref> <br />
Several online publications including Hill, New York Times, and Noteworthy released online publications highlighting the ethical concerns of Palantir renewing this contract. <ref> https://blog.usejournal.com/whats-your-role-in-the-unethical-side-of-tech-ce5373f66a3 </ref> The actions of Immigration and Custom Enforcement are viewed as humanitarian offences by many. Providing software that aids Immigration and Customs Enforcement is viewed as an offence by proxy. This software directly improves the efficiency of the departments that organize and perform raids. The purpose of these raids is to identify and capture illegal immigrants for deportation.<br />
This situation raises an ethical question surrounding the responsibility of companies to know how their products will be used and incorporate that into their decision about what jobs to undertake. Palantir claims that the work of deciding what projects are ethically sound falls on government and the political system. The company’s trust in the government is reflected in its decision to take on the 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management software. Critics of Palantir claim that a company should be responsible for considering the social and political ramifications of taking on a project. <ref> https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelposner/2019/09/12/what-companies-can-learn-from-palantir/#10a3474c16e0 </ref><br />
There were talks of Palantir deciding not to renew this contract, but they turned out to be false. In light of this, the government tapped several other firms for the job, but almost all declined. <ref> https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/08/22/war-inside-palantir-data-mining-firms-ties-ice-under-attack-by-employees/ </ref> Currently, Palantir stands in firm support of the governments actions, despite risk of the ire of the public and walkouts from employees.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Palantir_Technologies&diff=101717Palantir Technologies2021-04-13T02:08:09Z<p>Alexwong: added products section</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=350 <br />
| NAME = Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| TYPE = Privately held software company<br />
| LAUNCH= May 2003<br />
|LOGO=Empty.png<br />
|PRODUCT=Palantir Gotham, Palantir Foundry<br />
|SCREENIMAGE= Palantir_company_logo.png<br />
| CAPTION= Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| PLATFORM= Data Analytics<br />
|IMAGEURL= https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= palantir.com<br />
}}<br />
'''Palantir Technologies''' is an American data analytics company. It writes software that organizes, secures, and analyzes large sets of data<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ice-explainer-data-startup-2019-7 </ref>. Through word-of-mouth, many defense, intelligence, and other government agencies enlisted Palantir, including the Department of Defense, CIA, NSA, FBI, CDC, FDA, SEC, and the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board. Palantir has expanded to serve international clients as well. Due to Palantir's clients and the datasets that they work with, some of their projects are considered controversial.<br />
==Background==<br />
During the early days of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal PayPal], many criminal organizations such as, the Russian mafia, were stealing a large amount of money through fraudulent transactions. In order to restore PayPal, management hired many computer scientists from Stanford to develop an automated system that would catch fraudulent actions. Programmers changed course and created a system that provided assistance sorting through large amounts of data to identify fraud instead of just "solving the problem". This approach and software is what gave rise to Palantir Technologies, which currently grows within various fields and organizations such as national security and within the commercial space <ref name= ndupress>https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-77/jfq-77_76-83_Herr.pdf</ref>. <br />
<br />
[[File:Peter.jpeg|thumbnail|Peter Theil, founder of Palantir Technologies <ref name= Peter>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel</ref>]]<br />
Palantir was founded by Peter Theil in May of 2003 <ref name="founding">http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2796/9999999997-05-014327.pdf.</ref>. In 2004, Thiel appointed his former Stanford law colleague Alex Karp as the CEO of Palantir. The CIA then became one of Palantir's first customers in 2005 for intelligence analytics. Palantir was named after the seeing stone in Toliken's legendarium. After Palantir obtained other government agencies as clients, they opened a new office in the Washington DC suburb of McLean, VA. They later diversified their clients beyond government agencies. They landed their first private-sector client, J.P. Morgan Chase, in 2009, and they helped them develop software to detect fraud. After this, they acquired other clients in many different industries, such as pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, healthcare providers, legal professionals, and commercial lenders.<ref name="history">https://web.archive.org/web/20140516035733/http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Palantir Code of Conduct==<br />
The company lays out six core commitments towards their ethical values <ref name=code>https://s26.q4cdn.com/381064750/files/doc_downloads/governance/Code-of-Conduct.pdf</ref>. <br />
*Protect Privacy and Civil Liberties<br />
*Follow the Law<br />
*Respect Our Customers<br />
*Maintain a Safe and Positive Environment<br />
*Avoid Conflicts of Interest<br />
*Act with Integrity<br />
<br />
==Customers==<br />
Palantir is known for their government contracts but they also have dealings with Corporate customers. Some companies that utilize their services are Merck KGaA, Airbus, Ferrari. Popular clients also large banks, hedge funds, financial services. Many public entities also use Palantir's software including National Institute of Health, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and World Food Programme. In October 2020 Palantir also began helping out the federal government form a logistics system for manufacturing and distributing the COVID-19 vaccines throughout the country. Most famously Palantir is known for working with various government groups such as the NSA, FBI, and the DHS. Palantir has helped the integration of data links between different agencies preventing the issue of information siloing. In 2019 Palantir was contracted by the Pentagon to develop AI unmanned drones for bombings and intelligence.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-took-over-from-google-on-project-maven-2019-12]</ref><br />
<br />
==Products==<br />
Palanitir is most well known for three products: Palantir Gotham, Palantir Metropolis, and Palantir Foundry. Gotham is mainly used by counter-terrorism analysts in the United States Intelligenmce Community, the United States Department of Defense, the Recovery Accountability adn Transparency Board, and the Information Warfare Monitor. Gotham's main features include integrating data from different sources to form a human model tracking and analysis system.<ref>[https://www.palantir.com/palantir-gotham/]</ref> Metropolis is another one of Palantir's products as well as another data tracking and analysis tool. Metropolis is more geared towards corporate customers with it's ability to track and analyze employees on a large scale. Metropolis has been utilized by companies like JPMorgan to monitor their employees. Similarly to Metropolis, Foundry is another data tool that is geared towards businesses. Foundry however has more features dedicated towards data visualization to help companies analyze their data.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Ethical Controversies==<br />
===Predictive Policing===<br />
Palantir formed a partnership with the New Orleans Police Department in 2012 to create a system to predict who is a driver or victim of violence. To do so, the New Orleans Police department gave Palantir access to the NOPD criminal database, as well as millions of court filings, licenses, addresses, phone numbers, and social media accounts<ref> https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4344815-Nola-hc3-Final-20140403.html#document/p5/a398052</ref>. This was done without notice to the residents of New Orleans or the city council members. Using the information provided to them, Palantir developed a prediction model using a technique called social network analysis to make connections between people, cars, places, weapons, addresses, and other government databases. Officers could then use the prediction model to identify potential victims and assailants based on pieces of information such as a partial license plate number, social media handle, nickname, address, or phone number. Palantir's work in the sector is credited to have decreased the New Orleans homocide rate, however, although the prediction model was used by the New Orleans Police department, it is technically a prototype and could potentially wrongly identify innocent people. <ref> https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/27/17054740/palantir-predictive-policing-tool-new-orleans-nopd </ref> <br />
<br />
The Los Angeles Police Department incorporated a similar system from Palantir, creating a program called Operation Laser. Data from sources such as rap sheets, parole reports, and police interviews are pooled to generate a list of who the LAPD considers chronic offenders. This list is distributed to police officers, who are then encouraged to stop these people for anything possible. This frequently occurs with police officers using simple excuses like jaywalking to tstop them<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2018-palantir-peter-thiel/</ref>.<br />
In 2014, Palantir patented a crime-risk forecasting system and they have tried to expand these programs to other cities' police departments <ref> https://patents.google.com/patent/US9129219?oq=inassignee: </ref>.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Investigative Case Management===<br />
[[File:Ice.png| right | 300px]]<br />
In 2019, Palantir decided to renew a 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management (ICM) system with Immigration and Customs Enforcements. Investigative Case Management is a data management software that enables Immigration and Customs Enforcement to conduct raids and deport illegal immigrants among other things. <ref>https://thehill.com/policy/technology/458170-ice-renews-contract-with-palantir </ref> Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 and is subservient to U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for enforcing immigrations laws and customs. Under President Trump, the federal agency is encouraged to perform raids and deport as many illegal immigrants as possible. <ref>https://www.ice.gov/overview </ref> This decision, made by executives at Palantir, was protested by many employees at Palantir. They expressed their concerns with creating software that would enable Immigration and Customs Enforcement to perform raids on possible illegal aliens. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/03/us/politics/fact-check-ice-immigration-abolish.html </ref> <br />
Several online publications including Hill, New York Times, and Noteworthy released online publications highlighting the ethical concerns of Palantir renewing this contract. <ref> https://blog.usejournal.com/whats-your-role-in-the-unethical-side-of-tech-ce5373f66a3 </ref> The actions of Immigration and Custom Enforcement are viewed as humanitarian offences by many. Providing software that aids Immigration and Customs Enforcement is viewed as an offence by proxy. This software directly improves the efficiency of the departments that organize and perform raids. The purpose of these raids is to identify and capture illegal immigrants for deportation.<br />
This situation raises an ethical question surrounding the responsibility of companies to know how their products will be used and incorporate that into their decision about what jobs to undertake. Palantir claims that the work of deciding what projects are ethically sound falls on government and the political system. The company’s trust in the government is reflected in its decision to take on the 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management software. Critics of Palantir claim that a company should be responsible for considering the social and political ramifications of taking on a project. <ref> https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelposner/2019/09/12/what-companies-can-learn-from-palantir/#10a3474c16e0 </ref><br />
There were talks of Palantir deciding not to renew this contract, but they turned out to be false. In light of this, the government tapped several other firms for the job, but almost all declined. <ref> https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/08/22/war-inside-palantir-data-mining-firms-ties-ice-under-attack-by-employees/ </ref> Currently, Palantir stands in firm support of the governments actions, despite risk of the ire of the public and walkouts from employees.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Palantir_Technologies&diff=101656Palantir Technologies2021-04-12T02:13:32Z<p>Alexwong: added customers section</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=350 <br />
| NAME = Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| TYPE = Privately held software company<br />
| LAUNCH= May 2003<br />
|LOGO=Empty.png<br />
|PRODUCT=Palantir Gotham, Palantir Foundry<br />
|SCREENIMAGE= Palantir_company_logo.png<br />
| CAPTION= Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| PLATFORM= Data Analytics<br />
|IMAGEURL= https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= palantir.com<br />
}}<br />
'''Palantir Technologies''' is an American data analytics company. It writes software that organizes, secures, and analyzes large sets of data<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ice-explainer-data-startup-2019-7 </ref>. Through word-of-mouth, many defense, intelligence, and other government agencies enlisted Palantir, including the Department of Defense, CIA, NSA, FBI, CDC, FDA, SEC, and the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board. Palantir has expanded to serve international clients as well. Due to Palantir's clients and the datasets that they work with, some of their projects are considered controversial.<br />
==Background==<br />
During the early days of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal PayPal], many criminal organizations such as, the Russian mafia, were stealing a large amount of money through fraudulent transactions. In order to restore PayPal, management hired many computer scientists from Stanford to develop an automated system that would catch fraudulent actions. Programmers changed course and created a system that provided assistance sorting through large amounts of data to identify fraud instead of just "solving the problem". This approach and software is what gave rise to Palantir Technologies, which currently grows within various fields and organizations such as national security and within the commercial space <ref name= ndupress>https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-77/jfq-77_76-83_Herr.pdf</ref>. <br />
<br />
[[File:Peter.jpeg|thumbnail|Peter Theil, founder of Palantir Technologies <ref name= Peter>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel</ref>]]<br />
Palantir was founded by Peter Theil in May of 2003 <ref name="founding">http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2796/9999999997-05-014327.pdf.</ref>. In 2004, Thiel appointed his former Stanford law colleague Alex Karp as the CEO of Palantir. The CIA then became one of Palantir's first customers in 2005 for intelligence analytics. Palantir was named after the seeing stone in Toliken's legendarium. After Palantir obtained other government agencies as clients, they opened a new office in the Washington DC suburb of McLean, VA. They later diversified their clients beyond government agencies. They landed their first private-sector client, J.P. Morgan Chase, in 2009, and they helped them develop software to detect fraud. After this, they acquired other clients in many different industries, such as pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, healthcare providers, legal professionals, and commercial lenders.<ref name="history">https://web.archive.org/web/20140516035733/http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Palantir Code of Conduct==<br />
The company lays out six core commitments towards their ethical values <ref name=code>https://s26.q4cdn.com/381064750/files/doc_downloads/governance/Code-of-Conduct.pdf</ref>. <br />
*Protect Privacy and Civil Liberties<br />
*Follow the Law<br />
*Respect Our Customers<br />
*Maintain a Safe and Positive Environment<br />
*Avoid Conflicts of Interest<br />
*Act with Integrity<br />
<br />
==Customers==<br />
Palantir is known for their government contracts but they also have dealings with Corporate customers. Some companies that utilize their services are Merck KGaA, Airbus, Ferrari. Popular clients also large banks, hedge funds, financial services. Many public entities also use Palantir's software including National Institute of Health, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and World Food Programme. In October 2020 Palantir also began helping out the federal government form a logistics system for manufacturing and distributing the COVID-19 vaccines throughout the country. Most famously Palantir is known for working with various government groups such as the NSA, FBI, and the DHS. Palantir has helped the integration of data links between different agencies preventing the issue of information siloing. In 2019 Palantir was contracted by the Pentagon to develop AI unmanned drones for bombings and intelligence.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-took-over-from-google-on-project-maven-2019-12]</ref><br />
<br />
==Products==<br />
<br />
<br />
==Ethical Controversies==<br />
===Predictive Policing===<br />
Palantir formed a partnership with the New Orleans Police Department in 2012 to create a system to predict who is a driver or victim of violence. To do so, the New Orleans Police department gave Palantir access to the NOPD criminal database, as well as millions of court filings, licenses, addresses, phone numbers, and social media accounts<ref> https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4344815-Nola-hc3-Final-20140403.html#document/p5/a398052</ref>. This was done without notice to the residents of New Orleans or the city council members. Using the information provided to them, Palantir developed a prediction model using a technique called social network analysis to make connections between people, cars, places, weapons, addresses, and other government databases. Officers could then use the prediction model to identify potential victims and assailants based on pieces of information such as a partial license plate number, social media handle, nickname, address, or phone number. Palantir's work in the sector is credited to have decreased the New Orleans homocide rate, however, although the prediction model was used by the New Orleans Police department, it is technically a prototype and could potentially wrongly identify innocent people. <ref> https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/27/17054740/palantir-predictive-policing-tool-new-orleans-nopd </ref> <br />
<br />
The Los Angeles Police Department incorporated a similar system from Palantir, creating a program called Operation Laser. Data from sources such as rap sheets, parole reports, and police interviews are pooled to generate a list of who the LAPD considers chronic offenders. This list is distributed to police officers, who are then encouraged to stop these people for anything possible. This frequently occurs with police officers using simple excuses like jaywalking to tstop them<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2018-palantir-peter-thiel/</ref>.<br />
In 2014, Palantir patented a crime-risk forecasting system and they have tried to expand these programs to other cities' police departments <ref> https://patents.google.com/patent/US9129219?oq=inassignee: </ref>.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Investigative Case Management===<br />
[[File:Ice.png| right | 300px]]<br />
In 2019, Palantir decided to renew a 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management (ICM) system with Immigration and Customs Enforcements. Investigative Case Management is a data management software that enables Immigration and Customs Enforcement to conduct raids and deport illegal immigrants among other things. <ref>https://thehill.com/policy/technology/458170-ice-renews-contract-with-palantir </ref> Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 and is subservient to U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for enforcing immigrations laws and customs. Under President Trump, the federal agency is encouraged to perform raids and deport as many illegal immigrants as possible. <ref>https://www.ice.gov/overview </ref> This decision, made by executives at Palantir, was protested by many employees at Palantir. They expressed their concerns with creating software that would enable Immigration and Customs Enforcement to perform raids on possible illegal aliens. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/03/us/politics/fact-check-ice-immigration-abolish.html </ref> <br />
Several online publications including Hill, New York Times, and Noteworthy released online publications highlighting the ethical concerns of Palantir renewing this contract. <ref> https://blog.usejournal.com/whats-your-role-in-the-unethical-side-of-tech-ce5373f66a3 </ref> The actions of Immigration and Custom Enforcement are viewed as humanitarian offences by many. Providing software that aids Immigration and Customs Enforcement is viewed as an offence by proxy. This software directly improves the efficiency of the departments that organize and perform raids. The purpose of these raids is to identify and capture illegal immigrants for deportation.<br />
This situation raises an ethical question surrounding the responsibility of companies to know how their products will be used and incorporate that into their decision about what jobs to undertake. Palantir claims that the work of deciding what projects are ethically sound falls on government and the political system. The company’s trust in the government is reflected in its decision to take on the 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management software. Critics of Palantir claim that a company should be responsible for considering the social and political ramifications of taking on a project. <ref> https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelposner/2019/09/12/what-companies-can-learn-from-palantir/#10a3474c16e0 </ref><br />
There were talks of Palantir deciding not to renew this contract, but they turned out to be false. In light of this, the government tapped several other firms for the job, but almost all declined. <ref> https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/08/22/war-inside-palantir-data-mining-firms-ties-ice-under-attack-by-employees/ </ref> Currently, Palantir stands in firm support of the governments actions, despite risk of the ire of the public and walkouts from employees.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Palantir_Technologies&diff=101655Palantir Technologies2021-04-12T01:13:35Z<p>Alexwong: added photo for ice controversy</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=350 <br />
| NAME = Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| TYPE = Privately held software company<br />
| LAUNCH= May 2003<br />
|LOGO=Empty.png<br />
|PRODUCT=Palantir Gotham, Palantir Foundry<br />
|SCREENIMAGE= Palantir_company_logo.png<br />
| CAPTION= Palantir Technologies Inc.<br />
| PLATFORM= Data Analytics<br />
|IMAGEURL= https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.palantir.com/<br />
|URLTEXT= palantir.com<br />
}}<br />
'''Palantir Technologies''' is an American data analytics company. It writes software that organizes, secures, and analyzes large sets of data<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/palantir-ice-explainer-data-startup-2019-7 </ref>. Through word-of-mouth, many defense, intelligence, and other government agencies enlisted Palantir, including the Department of Defense, CIA, NSA, FBI, CDC, FDA, SEC, and the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board. Palantir has expanded to serve international clients as well. Due to Palantir's clients and the datasets that they work with, some of their projects are considered controversial.<br />
==Background==<br />
During the early days of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal PayPal], many criminal organizations such as, the Russian mafia, were stealing a large amount of money through fraudulent transactions. In order to restore PayPal, management hired many computer scientists from Stanford to develop an automated system that would catch fraudulent actions. Programmers changed course and created a system that provided assistance sorting through large amounts of data to identify fraud instead of just "solving the problem". This approach and software is what gave rise to Palantir Technologies, which currently grows within various fields and organizations such as national security and within the commercial space <ref name= ndupress>https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-77/jfq-77_76-83_Herr.pdf</ref>. <br />
<br />
[[File:Peter.jpeg|thumbnail|Peter Theil, founder of Palantir Technologies <ref name= Peter>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel</ref>]]<br />
Palantir was founded by Peter Theil in May of 2003 <ref name="founding">http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2796/9999999997-05-014327.pdf.</ref>. In 2004, Thiel appointed his former Stanford law colleague Alex Karp as the CEO of Palantir. The CIA then became one of Palantir's first customers in 2005 for intelligence analytics. After Palantir obtained other government agencies as clients, they opened a new office in the Washington DC suburb of McLean, VA. They later diversified their clients beyond government agencies. They landed their first private-sector client, J.P. Morgan Chase, in 2009, and they helped them develop software to detect fraud. After this, they acquired other clients in many different industries, such as pharmaceutical companies, insurance agencies, healthcare providers, legal professionals, and commercial lenders.<ref name="history">https://web.archive.org/web/20140516035733/http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Palantir Code of Conduct==<br />
The company lays out six core commitments towards their ethical values <ref name=code>https://s26.q4cdn.com/381064750/files/doc_downloads/governance/Code-of-Conduct.pdf</ref>. <br />
*Protect Privacy and Civil Liberties<br />
*Follow the Law<br />
*Respect Our Customers<br />
*Maintain a Safe and Positive Environment<br />
*Avoid Conflicts of Interest<br />
*Act with Integrity<br />
<br />
==Ethical Controversies==<br />
===Predictive Policing===<br />
Palantir formed a partnership with the New Orleans Police Department in 2012 to create a system to predict who is a driver or victim of violence. To do so, the New Orleans Police department gave Palantir access to the NOPD criminal database, as well as millions of court filings, licenses, addresses, phone numbers, and social media accounts<ref> https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4344815-Nola-hc3-Final-20140403.html#document/p5/a398052</ref>. This was done without notice to the residents of New Orleans or the city council members. Using the information provided to them, Palantir developed a prediction model using a technique called social network analysis to make connections between people, cars, places, weapons, addresses, and other government databases. Officers could then use the prediction model to identify potential victims and assailants based on pieces of information such as a partial license plate number, social media handle, nickname, address, or phone number. Palantir's work in the sector is credited to have decreased the New Orleans homocide rate, however, although the prediction model was used by the New Orleans Police department, it is technically a prototype and could potentially wrongly identify innocent people. <ref> https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/27/17054740/palantir-predictive-policing-tool-new-orleans-nopd </ref> <br />
<br />
The Los Angeles Police Department incorporated a similar system from Palantir, creating a program called Operation Laser. Data from sources such as rap sheets, parole reports, and police interviews are pooled to generate a list of who the LAPD considers chronic offenders. This list is distributed to police officers, who are then encouraged to stop these people for anything possible. This frequently occurs with police officers using simple excuses like jaywalking to tstop them<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2018-palantir-peter-thiel/</ref>.<br />
In 2014, Palantir patented a crime-risk forecasting system and they have tried to expand these programs to other cities' police departments <ref> https://patents.google.com/patent/US9129219?oq=inassignee: </ref>.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Investigative Case Management===<br />
[[File:Ice.png| right | 300px]]<br />
In 2019, Palantir decided to renew a 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management (ICM) system with Immigration and Customs Enforcements. Investigative Case Management is a data management software that enables Immigration and Customs Enforcement to conduct raids and deport illegal immigrants among other things. <ref>https://thehill.com/policy/technology/458170-ice-renews-contract-with-palantir </ref> Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 and is subservient to U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for enforcing immigrations laws and customs. Under President Trump, the federal agency is encouraged to perform raids and deport as many illegal immigrants as possible. <ref>https://www.ice.gov/overview </ref> This decision, made by executives at Palantir, was protested by many employees at Palantir. They expressed their concerns with creating software that would enable Immigration and Customs Enforcement to perform raids on possible illegal aliens. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/03/us/politics/fact-check-ice-immigration-abolish.html </ref> <br />
Several online publications including Hill, New York Times, and Noteworthy released online publications highlighting the ethical concerns of Palantir renewing this contract. <ref> https://blog.usejournal.com/whats-your-role-in-the-unethical-side-of-tech-ce5373f66a3 </ref> The actions of Immigration and Custom Enforcement are viewed as humanitarian offences by many. Providing software that aids Immigration and Customs Enforcement is viewed as an offence by proxy. This software directly improves the efficiency of the departments that organize and perform raids. The purpose of these raids is to identify and capture illegal immigrants for deportation.<br />
This situation raises an ethical question surrounding the responsibility of companies to know how their products will be used and incorporate that into their decision about what jobs to undertake. Palantir claims that the work of deciding what projects are ethically sound falls on government and the political system. The company’s trust in the government is reflected in its decision to take on the 41 million dollar contract to maintain the Investigative Case Management software. Critics of Palantir claim that a company should be responsible for considering the social and political ramifications of taking on a project. <ref> https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelposner/2019/09/12/what-companies-can-learn-from-palantir/#10a3474c16e0 </ref><br />
There were talks of Palantir deciding not to renew this contract, but they turned out to be false. In light of this, the government tapped several other firms for the job, but almost all declined. <ref> https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/08/22/war-inside-palantir-data-mining-firms-ties-ice-under-attack-by-employees/ </ref> Currently, Palantir stands in firm support of the governments actions, despite risk of the ire of the public and walkouts from employees.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Ice.png&diff=101654File:Ice.png2021-04-12T01:08:56Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Love_Plus&diff=101147Love Plus2021-04-09T03:17:06Z<p>Alexwong: added gameplay section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Loveplusevery.png|framed|right|Love Plus Every - the latest version of Love Plus]]<br />
<h1> Love Plus </h1><br />
<br />
Love Plus is a bishōjo (beautiful girl), or "dating simulator", type game of the Erogẽ (erotic game) video game genre <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Dating simulators were developed in Japan to encourage young men into starting relationships, but seem to contribute to the overall birth-rate decline. Love Plus was developed and released by Konami in Japan for the portable Nintendo DS game console on September 3, 2009. An expanded version of Love Plus with additional content and features was released as LovePlus+ in Japan on June 24, 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111108092336/http://www.senpaigamer.com/nintendo-3ds/new-love-plus-includes-three-games-09262011-1301]</ref> Additionally an IOS app version called LovePlus I was released on December 12, 2011.<ref>[https://www.konami.com/games/jp/ja/]</ref><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Game Play==<br />
Love Plus is a dating simulator game where the player selects a schedule of various activities to partake in such as which classes to go to, which clubs to attend, and how to spend the night. These activities can raise and lower certain stats such as fitness, intelligence, artistic sense, and charm.<ref>[https://www.4gamer.net/games/094/G009426/20090831014/]</ref> By adjusting these stats the player can court different female characters that have preferences for different stats. Beyond stat building there are also special events exclusive to each girl that can help the player build up a relationship with one of the virtual characters. A key feature of the game is customizability. The player can shape the way the story plays out by making decisions in game. These decisions can affect the appearance and behavior of the other virtual characters. The player has 100 days in game to court one of the virtual characters. After this 100 day period the player enters into the second mode of the game where the player is in a long term relationship with one of the characters. Game play largely stays the same with the addition of extra special events.<ref>[https://kotaku.com/love-plus-makes-you-care-about-a-virtual-girl-1570690624]</ref> <br />
<br />
== Dating Simulators ==<br />
[[File:Arpic.jpg|thumbnail|left|Man takes augmented reality photo with Love Plus girlfriend]]<br />
=== The Dating Simulator Bias ===<br />
<br />
The most common type of dating simulation game involves a protagonist, usually teenage, attempting to establish a relationship with one of several potential partners. Dialogue choices determine the course of the game, with appropriate dialogue selections earning "love" points or stats. The ultimate goal is to either establish the relationship, marriage, a confession of love, or intercourse with the desired character. Incorrect dialogue choices result in losing the interest of the potential partner, ending the game. Game replay value comes in the form of pursing a different character, or achieving different outcomes. Game production is kept relatively simple by utilizing static animations, recycled backgrounds, and text instead of voice.<br />
<br />
Erogẽ games are predominately focused toward males. Over 400 brands exist, creating gaming content exclusively designed for the heterosexual male gamer. Arguments have been made in support that Erogẽ games are designed to encourage or fortify 'masculine' traits, sometimes even by violent means <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Love Plus added a facial recognition feature to unlock and resume the game called "Boyfriend Lock". A smaller movement has emerged to cater to a more diverse audience, and are usually available only as mobile apps. <br />
<br />
<br />
=== Privacy ===<br />
<br />
While face and voice recognition <ref> Nintendo 3DS dating sim has facial recognition, December 2010, https://www.techradar.com/news/gaming/nintendo-3ds-dating-sim-has-facial-recognition-918245 </ref> is adopted for the game no evidence of recording or information sharing has been found.<br />
<br><br />
== "Techno-Intimacy" ==<br />
"Techno-Intimacy" is a term coined by Duke University Professor and Chair of Cultural Anthropology Anne Allison in her book "Millennial Monsters". It involves interacting and forming an intimate bond with a product that is both a physical machine and a virtual entity. It is generally linked with human disassociation, and lack of communication skills.<ref> Techno-Intimacy in Japan, June 28, 2014, https://japansociology.com/2014/06/28/techno-intimacy-in-japan/</ref> <br />
<br />
[[File:Sal9000.jpg|thumbnail|left|"SAL9000" marries his Love Plus virtual girlfriend]] <br />
=== The virtual girlfriend ===<br />
<br />
The premise of Love Plus is to court one of three characters in the game <ref> Meet the Lonely Japanese Men in Love With Virtual Girlfriends, September 15, 2015, https://time.com/3998563/virtual-love-japan/ </ref>. Unlike most reward-based games (collecting items, defeating enemies, powering-up weapons, etc.), the object is to have the chosen character proclaim her love for you, and initiate dating. The game endures after this ultimate goal by continuing to 'date' the virtual girlfriend. Players of Love Plus have taken the objective literally, <ref> The Japanese Gamers Who Prefer to Date Videogame Characters, October 28, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/10/loulou-daki-playing-for-love/ </ref> and began exclusively dating their virtual girlfriend. Players will travel to actual destinations (beaches, aquariums, events, etc) to coincide with dates performed in the game. One man decided to ultimately marry <ref> SAL 9000 and Nene Anegasaki, December 21, 2009, https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/events/sal9000-nene-anegasaki </ref> his virtual girlfriend. <br />
<br />
The current legality of marrying a virtual character is uncertain, but it also questions what a relationship can actually mean. The progressive meshing of humans and artificial intelligence, as Luciano Floridi describes a human-technology-technology scheme in his book "The 4th Revolution",<ref> "The 4th Revolution, 2014, http://governance40.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Luciano-Floridi-The-Fourth-Revolution_-How-the-infosphere-is-reshaping-human-reality-2014-Oxford-University-Press.pdf</ref> can bring about numerous possibilities, and emotional relationships with machines may be one of them. This may not seem taboo in the context of people doing whatever brings them happiness so long as it's not harming or affecting other people. It may however contribute to the population concern of Japan, where the game is most popular. Japan's population growth has been in decline since 1978, and as of 2011 has been in negative growth according to The World Bank.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Love_Plus&diff=101138Love Plus2021-04-09T01:38:01Z<p>Alexwong: expanded on first section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Loveplusevery.png|framed|right|Love Plus Every - the latest version of Love Plus]]<br />
<h1> Love Plus </h1><br />
<br />
Love Plus is a bishōjo (beautiful girl), or "dating simulator", type game of the Erogẽ (erotic game) video game genre <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Dating simulators were developed in Japan to encourage young men into starting relationships, but seem to contribute to the overall birth-rate decline. Love Plus was developed and released by Konami in Japan for the portable Nintendo DS game console on September 3, 2009. An expanded version of Love Plus with additional content and features was released as LovePlus+ in Japan on June 24, 2010. Additionally an IOS app version called LovePlus I was released on December 12, 2011.<ref>[https://www.konami.com/games/jp/ja/]</ref><br />
<br><br />
<br />
== Dating Simulators ==<br />
[[File:Arpic.jpg|thumbnail|left|Man takes augmented reality photo with Love Plus girlfriend]]<br />
=== The Dating Simulator Bias ===<br />
<br />
The most common type of dating simulation game involves a protagonist, usually teenage, attempting to establish a relationship with one of several potential partners. Dialogue choices determine the course of the game, with appropriate dialogue selections earning "love" points or stats. The ultimate goal is to either establish the relationship, marriage, a confession of love, or intercourse with the desired character. Incorrect dialogue choices result in losing the interest of the potential partner, ending the game. Game replay value comes in the form of pursing a different character, or achieving different outcomes. Game production is kept relatively simple by utilizing static animations, recycled backgrounds, and text instead of voice.<br />
<br />
Erogẽ games are predominately focused toward males. Over 400 brands exist, creating gaming content exclusively designed for the heterosexual male gamer. Arguments have been made in support that Erogẽ games are designed to encourage or fortify 'masculine' traits, sometimes even by violent means <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Love Plus added a facial recognition feature to unlock and resume the game called "Boyfriend Lock". A smaller movement has emerged to cater to a more diverse audience, and are usually available only as mobile apps. <br />
<br />
<br />
=== Privacy ===<br />
<br />
While face and voice recognition <ref> Nintendo 3DS dating sim has facial recognition, December 2010, https://www.techradar.com/news/gaming/nintendo-3ds-dating-sim-has-facial-recognition-918245 </ref> is adopted for the game no evidence of recording or information sharing has been found.<br />
<br><br />
== "Techno-Intimacy" ==<br />
"Techno-Intimacy" is a term coined by Duke University Professor and Chair of Cultural Anthropology Anne Allison in her book "Millennial Monsters". It involves interacting and forming an intimate bond with a product that is both a physical machine and a virtual entity. It is generally linked with human disassociation, and lack of communication skills.<ref> Techno-Intimacy in Japan, June 28, 2014, https://japansociology.com/2014/06/28/techno-intimacy-in-japan/</ref> <br />
<br />
[[File:Sal9000.jpg|thumbnail|left|"SAL9000" marries his Love Plus virtual girlfriend]] <br />
=== The virtual girlfriend ===<br />
<br />
The premise of Love Plus is to court one of three characters in the game <ref> Meet the Lonely Japanese Men in Love With Virtual Girlfriends, September 15, 2015, https://time.com/3998563/virtual-love-japan/ </ref>. Unlike most reward-based games (collecting items, defeating enemies, powering-up weapons, etc.), the object is to have the chosen character proclaim her love for you, and initiate dating. The game endures after this ultimate goal by continuing to 'date' the virtual girlfriend. Players of Love Plus have taken the objective literally, <ref> The Japanese Gamers Who Prefer to Date Videogame Characters, October 28, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/10/loulou-daki-playing-for-love/ </ref> and began exclusively dating their virtual girlfriend. Players will travel to actual destinations (beaches, aquariums, events, etc) to coincide with dates performed in the game. One man decided to ultimately marry <ref> SAL 9000 and Nene Anegasaki, December 21, 2009, https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/events/sal9000-nene-anegasaki </ref> his virtual girlfriend. <br />
<br />
The current legality of marrying a virtual character is uncertain, but it also questions what a relationship can actually mean. The progressive meshing of humans and artificial intelligence, as Luciano Floridi describes a human-technology-technology scheme in his book "The 4th Revolution",<ref> "The 4th Revolution, 2014, http://governance40.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Luciano-Floridi-The-Fourth-Revolution_-How-the-infosphere-is-reshaping-human-reality-2014-Oxford-University-Press.pdf</ref> can bring about numerous possibilities, and emotional relationships with machines may be one of them. This may not seem taboo in the context of people doing whatever brings them happiness so long as it's not harming or affecting other people. It may however contribute to the population concern of Japan, where the game is most popular. Japan's population growth has been in decline since 1978, and as of 2011 has been in negative growth according to The World Bank.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Love_Plus&diff=101122Love Plus2021-04-09T00:13:38Z<p>Alexwong: added additional info and source</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Loveplusevery.png|framed|right|Love Plus Every - the latest version of Love Plus]]<br />
<h1> Love Plus </h1><br />
<br />
Love Plus is a bishōjo (beautiful girl), or "dating simulator", type game of the Erogẽ (erotic game) video game genre <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Dating simulators were developed in Japan to encourage young men into starting relationships, but seem to contribute to the overall birth-rate decline. Love Plus was developed and released by Konami in Japan for the portable Nintendo DS game console in 2009<ref>[https://www.konami.com/games/jp/ja/]</ref>. Several updates and sequels followed, and is now available in the Apple App Store. <br />
<br><br />
<br />
== Dating Simulators ==<br />
[[File:Arpic.jpg|thumbnail|left|Man takes augmented reality photo with Love Plus girlfriend]]<br />
=== The Dating Simulator Bias ===<br />
<br />
The most common type of dating simulation game involves a protagonist, usually teenage, attempting to establish a relationship with one of several potential partners. Dialogue choices determine the course of the game, with appropriate dialogue selections earning "love" points or stats. The ultimate goal is to either establish the relationship, marriage, a confession of love, or intercourse with the desired character. Incorrect dialogue choices result in losing the interest of the potential partner, ending the game. Game replay value comes in the form of pursing a different character, or achieving different outcomes. Game production is kept relatively simple by utilizing static animations, recycled backgrounds, and text instead of voice.<br />
<br />
Erogẽ games are predominately focused toward males. Over 400 brands exist, creating gaming content exclusively designed for the heterosexual male gamer. Arguments have been made in support that Erogẽ games are designed to encourage or fortify 'masculine' traits, sometimes even by violent means <ref> Bishōjo Games: ‘Techno-Intimacy’ and the Virtually Human in Japan, May 2011, http://gamestudies.org/1102/articles/galbraith </ref>. Love Plus added a facial recognition feature to unlock and resume the game called "Boyfriend Lock". A smaller movement has emerged to cater to a more diverse audience, and are usually available only as mobile apps. <br />
<br />
<br />
=== Privacy ===<br />
<br />
While face and voice recognition <ref> Nintendo 3DS dating sim has facial recognition, December 2010, https://www.techradar.com/news/gaming/nintendo-3ds-dating-sim-has-facial-recognition-918245 </ref> is adopted for the game no evidence of recording or information sharing has been found.<br />
<br><br />
== "Techno-Intimacy" ==<br />
"Techno-Intimacy" is a term coined by Duke University Professor and Chair of Cultural Anthropology Anne Allison in her book "Millennial Monsters". It involves interacting and forming an intimate bond with a product that is both a physical machine and a virtual entity. It is generally linked with human disassociation, and lack of communication skills.<ref> Techno-Intimacy in Japan, June 28, 2014, https://japansociology.com/2014/06/28/techno-intimacy-in-japan/</ref> <br />
<br />
[[File:Sal9000.jpg|thumbnail|left|"SAL9000" marries his Love Plus virtual girlfriend]] <br />
=== The virtual girlfriend ===<br />
<br />
The premise of Love Plus is to court one of three characters in the game <ref> Meet the Lonely Japanese Men in Love With Virtual Girlfriends, September 15, 2015, https://time.com/3998563/virtual-love-japan/ </ref>. Unlike most reward-based games (collecting items, defeating enemies, powering-up weapons, etc.), the object is to have the chosen character proclaim her love for you, and initiate dating. The game endures after this ultimate goal by continuing to 'date' the virtual girlfriend. Players of Love Plus have taken the objective literally, <ref> The Japanese Gamers Who Prefer to Date Videogame Characters, October 28, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/10/loulou-daki-playing-for-love/ </ref> and began exclusively dating their virtual girlfriend. Players will travel to actual destinations (beaches, aquariums, events, etc) to coincide with dates performed in the game. One man decided to ultimately marry <ref> SAL 9000 and Nene Anegasaki, December 21, 2009, https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/events/sal9000-nene-anegasaki </ref> his virtual girlfriend. <br />
<br />
The current legality of marrying a virtual character is uncertain, but it also questions what a relationship can actually mean. The progressive meshing of humans and artificial intelligence, as Luciano Floridi describes a human-technology-technology scheme in his book "The 4th Revolution",<ref> "The 4th Revolution, 2014, http://governance40.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Luciano-Floridi-The-Fourth-Revolution_-How-the-infosphere-is-reshaping-human-reality-2014-Oxford-University-Press.pdf</ref> can bring about numerous possibilities, and emotional relationships with machines may be one of them. This may not seem taboo in the context of people doing whatever brings them happiness so long as it's not harming or affecting other people. It may however contribute to the population concern of Japan, where the game is most popular. Japan's population growth has been in decline since 1978, and as of 2011 has been in negative growth according to The World Bank.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Object]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Mark_Zuckerberg&diff=99706Mark Zuckerberg2021-03-30T00:43:35Z<p>Alexwong: added early life section</p>
<hr />
<div>Mark Zuckerberg (born May 14, 1984) is an American Entrepreneur known for co-founding social-networking site Facebook alongside Eduardo Saverin. He currently serves as Facebook's chairman, chief executive officer, and is the controlling shareholder. Zuckerberg took an interest to computers at an early age, even at a young age developing his own messaging system "Zucknet" that his family would use within the house and also at his father's dental practice. He then went on to attend Harvard University to pursue his interest in computers, but dropped out after his sophomore year in order to devote all of his time to his new company, Facebook. In the years following Zuckerberg's departure from Harvard, Facebook began to quickly grow, amounting to 1 million users in the first year, and gaining interest from many companies that wanted to advertise on the social-networking site. Over the years, Zuckerberg quickly became one of the world's most powerful people as Facebook grew to be one of, if no the, most popular social-networking platforms in existence. Along with Zuckerberg and Facebook's growth, though, came many scandals and ethical issues. Zuckerberg was put in a very interesting position, for he was at the foreground of the social media era. The situations he was put in and the decisions he made set a precedent for other social media platforms, whether good or bad. These decisions and the subsequent consequences proved to be very important for society though, because they raised many questions about what is and is not ethical for social media platforms to do. <br />
<br />
== Early Life ==<br />
Zuckerberg was born on May 14, 1984 in White Plains, New York to two parents Karen and Edward Zuckerberg. Mark had three sisters and they were brought up together in Dobbs Ferry, New York in a Reform Jewish Household. Zuckerberg started writing software in middle school when his parents hired a private tutor to teach him programming. Zuckerberg attended highschool at Ardsley High School and transferred to Philips Exeter Academy two years later. Zuckerberg would excel in school winning many academic prizes in areas such as mathematics, astronomy, physics, and classical studies. He was also the captain of the fencing team. Zuckerberg would often develop games for his friends using art that they provided. Zuckerberg worked under the company name Intelligent Media Group during highschool and built a music player called Synapse Media Player which used machine learning to learn the listening patterns of users.<br />
<br />
== Scandals ==<br />
<br />
=== Cambridge Analytica Scandal ===<br />
The Cambridge Analytica Facebook Scandal began in March of 2018, when a whistleblower came forward with the information that Cambridge Analytica had purchased Facebook date on ''tens of millions'' of Americans without their consent in order to help elect Donald Trump as the next President of the United States. This sparked conversation over social-media privacy and what is morally okay to share. The issue of transparency in information technology was also brought to the foreground, for Facebook had willingly sold millions of users data without giving the users any knowledge or hint that their personal information would be shared. Zuckerberg had given the go ahead to Facebook's data scientists to sell this information, later claiming that he saw nothing wrong with the decision at the time. Because of this whistleblower, Zuckerberg was called to testify before congress(see video below), thus sparking many discussions about internet privacy. Though the selling of personal date to Cambridge Analytica was most likely morally wrong to do in the first place, it was necessary to open the public's eyes to what information privacy really is and how detrimental and impactful in can be on society. Zuckerberg's failure to see the fault in selling this information has lead to many other social-networking giants to know not to follow in his footsteps. for they saw how detrimental the scandal was to Facebook from an economic standpoint. The scandal has also lead to Zuckerberg promising to increase privacy standards with both Facebook and Instagram in order to gain back users trust and create a new standard for information privacy. At first glance, Zuckerberg's original thought that this was an okay thing to do is quite concerning. Especially in the current era of social media, it is clear that he made the wrong decision. But one must note that Zuckerberg has been in unfounded territory for much of his career, as Facebook was one of the first social media giants. His mistakes, such as the Cambridge Analytica Scandal, have definitely set a precedent for how data analytics within social media should be treated in the future. <br />
<br />
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAgbIiQSzEk<br />
<br />
=== Psychological Tests ===<br />
In 2012 Facebook was found to conduct psychological tests on users without their knowledge. This knowledge came out around the same time that Zuckerberg had sent out emails saying that he was unsure about the ethics of selling data taken from Facebook without the knowledge of users, but that he could not see anything wrong to come of it in the future (something I'm sure he later regretted). The number of users who were manipulated comes is thought to be 689,003. Facebook data scientists removed either all of the positive or negative posts from the users' feed in order to see how the users' moods were effected. This experiment lead to talk about how ethical the tests were. According to Facebook's data use policy, which 100% of users have definitely read and agreed to, the site can be used for testing and data collection. So, legally, Facebook was able to perform this test, but was it ethical of them? Technically, Facebook was transparent about the fact that testing may be done. But the specific users who were tested were not individually notified, meaning they probably never knew it was happening. When most in person studies are done on people, there is some form of ethics board that will decide whether or not the experiment can be done without harming the participants of the study. Unlike this, Facebook data scientists had a much easier path to being able to conduct their study. The study even showed that those who only say negative posts on their timeline themselves produced negative posts, showing a change in their online behavior and probably in-person mood. Is it ethical for Facebook to alter hundred of thousands of peoples emotions without their knowledge? Most people would say probably not. But again, I believe that this experiment was necessary to open the public's eyes up to what social-networking cites are capable of, and it is important to debate the morality of what these sites do on a daily basis. <br />
<br />
== Ethical Issues of Mark Zuckerberg ==<br />
As stated, in 2012 Zuckerberg himself had said he could not see any ethical or moral issues to come out of what he was doing with Facebook data. He was a pioneer in social media, and had to make many decisions that he had no prior basis for. In situations where new waters are being tested, such as many of the situations Zuckerberg found himself in, mistakes are made. Zuckerberg may have made a mistake allowing the psychological tests on hundreds of thousands of users, but in the end it sparked conversation about social-networking and how it is important to know the sites can do without one's direct knowledge. Later on, with the Cambridge Analytica Scandal, Zuckerberg admitted to his mistake in selling tens of millions of users date to Cambridge Analytica, and it lead to his policy to increase the privacy of user information on both Facebook and Instagram. In the end, these "mistakes" Zuckerberg made may seem extremely unethical and immoral, but they were necessary in order for society to move forward and learn in an increasingly technology dependent world. It is very possible that Zuckerberg will continue to come across situations in which he is unsure of what to do, or in which he makes the wrong decision, but it is now evident that he knows he needs to be more careful with both the data he collects from users and the ways in which he allows his data scientists to observe and manipulate users. It is also evident that Zuckerberg will need to make Facebook more transparent about any future testing or experimenting, for the users in prior situations had no idea what was happening to them, and it resulted in major manipulation in their lives. <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<ref> https://www.biography.com/business-figure/mark-zuckerberg </ref><br />
<br />
<ref> https://www.businessinsider.com/mark-zuckerberg-scandals-last-decade-while-running-facebook-2019-12 </ref><br />
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<ref> https://www.wired.com/story/cambridge-analytica-facebook-privacy-awakening/ </ref><br />
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<ref> https://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2014/06/28/facebook-manipulated-689003-users-emotions-for-science/#34b2d28197c5 </ref><br />
<br />
<ref> https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/zuckerbergs-curated-jewish-conscience-is-shallow-and-evasive-1.5455322 </ref><br />
<br />
<ref> https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/mark-zuckerberg-he-s-got-whole-world-his-site-2034134.html </ref><br />
<br />
<ref> https://slashdot.org/story/03/04/21/110236/machine-learning-and-mp3s </ref><br />
<br />
<ref> https://books.google.com/books?id=RRUkLhyGZVgC&pg=PA20#v=onepage&q&f=false </ref><br />
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[[Category:2020New]]<br />
[[Category:2020Person]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Topics&diff=98349Topics2021-03-21T22:41:15Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div>http://si410ethics11.projects.si.umich.edu/images/topics.png<br />
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''Please add your newly created pages to this list in alphabetical order, and remember to surround with the appropriate MediaWiki syntax (i.e.:'' <nowiki>*[[your page]]</nowiki>'').''<br />
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== Blue Star Articles ==<br />
<br/><br />
*[[:Category:BlueStar2019|Blue Star Articles (2019)]]<br />
*[[:Category:BlueStar2018|Blue Star Articles (2018)]]<br />
*[[:Category:Blue Star|Blue Star Articles (2017)]]<br />
*[[:Category:GoldStar|Gold Star Articles (2010-2016)]]<br />
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<br />
== List of New Articles in 2020 ==<br />
<br><br />
[[:Category:2020New|New Articles 2020]]<br />
*[[:Category:2020Concept|Concept]]<br />
*[[:Category:2020Person|Person]]<br />
*[[:Category:2020Object|Object]]<br />
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== New Articles in 2019 ==<br />
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[[:Category:2019New|New Articles 2019]]<br />
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== John Walsh Thesis Revision ==<br />
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*[[John Walsh Thesis Revision]]<br />
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== Portals and Class Writing Exercises ==<br />
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*[[:Portal:Life on Digital Worlds|Life on Digital Worlds]]<br />
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== Categories ==<br />
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|[[:Category:Information Ethics|Information Ethics]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Music|Music]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Open Source Projects|Open Source Projects]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Organizations|Organizations]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Out of Date|Out of Date]]<br />
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|[[:Category:People|People]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Piracy|Piracy]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Politics|Politics]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Portals|Portals]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Privacy|Privacy]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Services|Services]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Social Networking|Social Networking]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Software|Software]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Sports|Sports]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Video Games|Video Games]]<br />
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|[[:Category:Virtual Environments, Concerns, & Issues|Virtual Environments]]<br />
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<br />
== Topics ==<br />
<br><br />
{{Section-Menu}}<br />
{{Section|||1}}<br />
=== # ===<br />
----<br />
*[[3D printing]]<br />
*[[4chan]]<br />
*[[4shared]]<br />
*[[8tracks]]<br />
*[[9GAG]]<br />
<br />
=== A ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Aaron Swartz]]<br />
*[[Accelerationism]]<br />
*[[Adblocking]]<br />
*[[Adobe Inc.]]<br />
*[[AdverGaming]]<br />
*[[Advertising ethics online]]<br />
*[[Aging In Place Technology]]<br />
*[[Airbnb]]<br />
*[[Alex Jones]]<br />
*[[Algorithmic Justice League]]<br />
*[[Algorithmic Audits]]<br />
*[[Algorithms]]<br />
*[[Amazon Alexa (Amazon Echo)]]<br />
*[[Amazon.com]]<br />
*[[Ancestry data]]<br />
*''the'' [[The Amy Boyer Case|Amy Boyer Case]]<br />
*[[Android]]<br />
*[[Angry Birds]]<br />
*''Anonymous''<br />
**[[Anonymous Behavior in Virtual Environments|Behavior in Virtual Environment]]<br />
**[[Anonymous (group)|Group]]<br />
*[[Apex Legends (game)]]<br />
*[[Applicant tracking systems]]<br />
*[[Artificial Agents]]<br />
*[[Artificial Intelligence and Technology]]<br />
*[[Artificial Intelligence in China]]<br />
*[[Artificial Intelligence in the Music Industry]]<br />
*[[Artificial SuperIntelligence]]<br />
*[[Ashley Madison (website)]]<br />
*[[Ask.fm]]<br />
*[[Assassin's Creed (Main Series)]]<br />
*[[Athletes and burner accounts]]<br />
*[[Augmented Reality]]<br />
*[[Automatic gender recognition]]<br />
*[[Automated Decision Making in Child Protection]]<br />
*[[Autonomous Systems]]<br />
*[[Autonomous Vehicles]]<br />
*[[Avatar]]<br />
<br />
=== B ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Baidu]]<br />
*[[Banality of Simulated Evil]]<br />
*[[Bandcamp]]<br />
*[[Bartle Test]]<br />
*[[Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV Series)]]<br />
*[[Behavioral biometrics]]<br />
*[[Bias in Information]]<br />
*[[Biem App]]<br />
*[[Big Data analytics for personalized medicine]]<br />
*[[The Big Four]]<br />
*[[Binge Watching]]<br />
*[[Biobanking]]<br />
*[[BioShock]]<br />
*[[BioWare]]<br />
*[[Bitcoins]]<br />
*[[Bitmoji]]<br />
*[[BitTorrent]]<br />
*[[Black Mirror]]<br />
*[[Black Twitter]]<br />
*[[Bliss]]<br />
*[[Blizzard Entertainment]]<br />
*[[Blockchain]]<br />
*[[Borderlands (video game series)]]<br />
*[[Brain-Machine Interface]]<br />
*[[Brain-to-Brain Interface]]<br />
*[[Brave Browser]]<br />
*[[Brawl Stars]]<br />
*[[Bumble]]<br />
*[[BuzzFeed]]<br />
<br />
=== C ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Call of Duty]]<br />
*[[Cambridge Analytica]]<br />
*[[Cancel Culture]]<br />
*[[Canvas]]<br />
*[[Carrier IQ]]<br />
*[[CD Projekt]]<br />
*[[CEIU Thesis]]<br />
*[[Censorship]]<br />
*[[Censorship in China]]<br />
*[[Censorship in Turkey]]<br />
*[[CGI Influencers]]<br />
*[[Chamath Palihapitiya]]<br />
*[[Chatroulette]]<br />
*[[Cheating]]<br />
*[[Cheating in eSports]]<br />
*[[Cheating Technologies]]<br />
*[[Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)]]<br />
*[[Circuit of Culture]]<br />
*[[Circumventing Internet Censorship]]<br />
*[[Citizendium]]<br />
*[[Civilization]]<br />
*[[Clash of Clans]]<br />
*[[Clearview AI]]<br />
*[[Click fraud]]<br />
*[[Clickbait]]<br />
*''Cloud''<br />
**[[Cloud Computing|Computing]]<br />
**[[Cloud Security|Security]]<br />
*[[Clubhouse]]<br />
*[[Clueful Chatting]]<br />
*[[Cookies]]<br />
*[[Complex]]<br />
*[[Computer Vision]]<br />
*[[Confidentiality of Online Data]]<br />
*[[Content moderation]]<br />
*[[Content moderation in Twitter]]<br />
*[[Content moderation in Reddit]]<br />
*[[Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (video game)]]<br />
*[[COVID-19 Data Privacy]]<br />
*[[Craigslist]]<br />
*[[Creative Commons]]<br />
*[[Criminal sentencing software]]<br />
*[[Crowdsourcing]]<br />
*[[Cryptocurrency]]<br />
*''Cyber (overlaps with Online)''{{Relation||Internet|#Internet}} {{Relation||Virtual|#Virtual}}<br />
**[[Cyberbullying|Bullying]] {{Relation|cases of|David Thorne|#D}}<br />
**[[Cybercurrency|Currency]]<br />
**[[Cyberlaw|Law]]<br />
**[[Cyberpunk 2077 (videogame)]]<br />
**[[Cybersex|Sex]]<br />
***''Sex in'' [[Online Dating#Sex|Online Dating]]<br />
**[[Cybersecurity]]<br />
**[[Cyberstalking|Stalking]] {{Relation|use of crowdsourcing|Human Flesh Search|#H}} {{Relation||Tiayna.cn|#T}} {{Relation|cases of|Amy Boyer|#A}}<br />
**[[Cyberwarfare|Warfare]]<br />
*[[Cybersecurity in Banking]]<br />
<br />
=== D ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Daily Fantasy Sports]]<br />
*[[Dark Patterns]]<br />
*[[Dark Web]]<br />
*''Data (overlaps with Information)''<br />
**[[Data Aggregation Online|Aggregation Online]]<br />
**[[Data Mining|Mining]]<br />
*[[Deontology]] <br />
*[[Data brokers]]<br />
*[[Datafication of Children]]<br />
*[[Dating Apps]]<br />
*[[Digital Marketing]]<br />
*[[David Thorne]]<br />
*[[Da Vinci Surgical System]]<br />
*[[Deepfake]]<br />
*[[Deepfake Detectors]]<br />
*[[Defcon (video game)]]<br />
*[[Depop]]<br />
*[[Detroit: Become Human]]<br />
*[[Deus Ex (Series)]]<br />
**[[Deus Ex: Human Revolution]]<br />
*[[Device implant]]<br />
*[[Diablo (Franchise)]]<br />
**[[Diablo II]]<br />
**[[Diablo III]]<br />
*[[Diaspora]]<br />
*''Digital''<br />
**[[Digital Property|Property]]<br />
*[[Digital_divide]]<br />
**[[Digital DJing|DJing]]<br />
**[[Digital Piracy|Piracy]]<br />
**[[Digital Rights Management|Rights Management]]<br />
*[[Disclosive Ethics]]<br />
*[[Disinformation of the COVID-19 Pandemic]]<br />
*[[DoorDash]]<br />
*[[DNA Testing]]<br />
*[[Domain Name System]]<br />
*[[Downloadable Content in Video Games]]<br />
*[[Dragonfly]]<br />
*[[Drones]]<br />
*[[Dropbox]]<br />
*[[Drupal]]<br />
*[[Duke F*** List]]<br />
<br />
=== E ===<br />
----<br />
*[[eBay]]<br />
*[[Echo Chambers]]<br />
*[[Edward Castronova]]<br />
*[[Edward H. Spence]]<br />
*[[Edward Snowden]]<br />
*[[Effective Altruism]]<br />
*[[Elder Scrolls]]<br />
*[[Electronic Arts]]<br />
*[[Electric Sheep]]<br />
*[[Electronic voting systems]]<br />
*''Electronic''<br />
**[[Electronic Health Records|Health Records]]<br />
**[[Electronic Sports|Sports]]<br />
*[[Elizabeth Holmes]]<br />
*[[Elon Musk]]<br />
*[[Empathy in Gaming]]<br />
*[[Emoji]]<br />
*[[Employers and Online Privacy]]<br />
*[[The Entire History of You]]<br />
*''Ethics''<br />
**''and'' [[Data Equity]]<br />
**''in'' [[Ethics in Computer & Video Games|Computer & Video Games]]<br />
**''in'' [[Ethics in Hacking|Hacking]]<br />
**''of'' [[Information Ethics|Information]]<br />
**''of'' [[Ethics of Advertising to Children & Teens|Advertising to Children & Teens]]<br />
**''of'' [[Ethics of Drone Warfare|Drone Warfare]]<br />
<br />
*[[Ethical game design]]<br />
*[[Etsy]]<br />
*[[Ex Machina (2014)]]<br />
*[[Experience Project]]<br />
<br />
=== F ===<br />
----<br />
*''Facebook''<br />
**[[Advertising on Facebook]]<br />
**[[Facebook|Company]]<br />
**[[Facebook Messenger]]<br />
**[[Facebook newsfeed curation]]<br />
**[[Facebook Privacy Policy|Privacy Policy]]<br />
**[[Data Mining and Manipulation]]<br />
**[[Facebook in Africa]]<br />
**[[Political Censorship]]<br />
*[[FaceTime]]<br />
*[[Face recognition]]<br />
*[[Face recognition in law enforcement]]<br />
*[[Fake News]]<br />
*[[Fallout 76]]<br />
*[[Fan fiction]]<br />
*[[Fast Fashion]]<br />
*[[Find My Friends]]<br />
*[[File Sharing]]<br />
*[[Filter Bubble]]<br />
*[[Final Fantasy XIV]]<br />
*[[Fitness Influencers]]<br />
*[[Fitness Game]]<br />
*[[First Person Shooters]]<br />
*[[Flaming]]<br />
*[[Flash]]<br />
*[[Free Basics]]<br />
*[[Freedom of Expression]]<br />
*[[Freemium model]]<br />
<br />
=== G ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Galaxy S3]]<br />
*[[Game Addiction]]<br />
*[[Gamergate]]<br />
*[[Gattaca]]<br />
*[[Gender bias in the Online Job Search]]<br />
*[[Gender bias in Wikipedia]]<br />
*[[Gender in Video Games]]<br />
*[[Genealogy platforms]]<br />
*[[General Data Protection Regulation]]<br />
*[[Generative Media]]<br />
*[[Genetically Modified Food]]<br />
*[[Gene Editing]]<br />
*[[Genomics]]<br />
*[[Genovese Syndrome]]<br />
*[[Genshin Impact]]<br />
*[[Geographic Information Systems]]<br />
*[[George Hotz]]<br />
*[[Ghost Writing Online]]<br />
*[[Girls Around Me]]<br />
*[[GLANSER]]<br />
*[[GoFundMe]]<br />
*''Google''<br />
**[[Google|Company]]<br />
**[[Google Books|Books]]<br />
**[[Google Glass| Google Glass]]<br />
**[[Google Home]]<br />
**[[Google Clips]]<br />
**[[Google Street View|Street View]]<br />
**[[Google Photos]]<br />
*[[Grand Theft Auto IV]]<br />
*[[Grand Theft Auto V]]<br />
*[[Griefing]]<br />
*[[Grindr]]<br />
*[[GroupMe]]<br />
<br />
=== H ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Hackers]]<br />
*[[Hacking the 2016 US Presidential Election]]<br />
*[[Healthcare Data Monetization]]<br />
*[[Health Informatics]]<br />
*[[Her (film) (2013)]]<br />
*[[Her Interactive]]<br />
*[[Herman Tavani]]<br />
*[[High Frequency Trading]]<br />
*[[Hinge]]<br />
*[[HireVue]]<br />
*[[Hulu]]<br />
*[[Human Flesh Search]] {{Relation|related to|Tianya.cn|#T}}<br />
*[[Human Microchipping]]<br />
*[["Human out of the Loop" Military Systems]]<br />
*[[Human Trafficking]]<br />
*[[Humans (British TV Series)]]<br />
<br />
=== I ===<br />
----<br />
*[[iCloud]]<br />
*[[id Software]]<br />
*[[Illegal/Unauthorized Streaming]]<br />
*[[Illegal Sports Streams]]<br />
*[[Imgur]]<br />
*[[In-app purchases]]<br />
*[[Infamous (series)]]<br />
*[[Influencer Marketing]]<br />
*[[Infoglut]]<br />
*[[Informatics]]<br />
*''Information'' {{Relation|overlaps with|Data|#Data}}<br />
**[[Information Ethics|Ethics]]<br />
**[[Information Freedom|Freedom]]<br />
**[[Freedom_of_Information_policies|Freedom of Information Policy]] <br />
**[[Information Overload|Overload]]<br />
**[[Information Reliability|Reliability]]<br />
**[[Information Security|Security]]<br />
**[[Information Transparency|Transparency]]<br />
**[[Information Vandalism|Vandalism]]<br />
*[[Informational Friction]]<br />
*[[Infosphere]]<br />
*[[Instagram]]<br />
*[[Instagram Ads]]<br />
*[[Intellectual Property]]<br />
*[[Internet of things]]<br />
*''Internet'' {{Relation|overlaps with|Cyber|#Cyber}} {{Relation||Online|#Online}} {{Relation||Virtual|#Virtual}}<br />
**[[Internet Archive|Archive]]<br />
**[[Internet Censorship in Hong Kong|Censorship in Hong Kong]]<br />
**[[Internet Censorship in South Korea|Censorship in South Korea]]<br />
**[[Internet Censorship in the United Kingdom|Censorship in the United Kingdom]]<br />
**[[Cybersecurity Law in Vietnam|Censorship in Vietnam]]<br />
**''in'' [[Circumventing Internet Censorship|Circumventing Censorship]]<br />
**[[Internet Control|Control]]<br />
**[[Internet meme|Meme]]<br />
*[[Iris Recognition]]<br />
<br />
=== J ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Jack Dorsey]]<br />
*[[Jailbreaking]]<br />
*[[James H. Moor]]<br />
*[[Jeremy Bentham]]<br />
*[[John Weckert]]<br />
*[[Julian Dibbell]]<br />
*[[Jurassic Park (1993)]]<br />
*[[Just another mediawiki page]]<br />
<br />
=== K ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Kathleen Wallace]]<br />
*[[Kay Mathiesen]]<br />
*[[Kim Dotcom]]<br />
*[[Kickstarter]]<br />
*[[Kind of Bloop]]<br />
*[[Klarna]]<br />
<br />
=== L ===<br />
----<br />
*[[LambdaMOO]]<br />
*[[Larry Ellison]]<br />
*[[Lawrence Lessig]]<br />
*[[League of Legends]]<br />
*[[The League (Dating App)]]<br />
*[[Libraries and Ethical Information Technology]]<br />
*[[LikeALittle]]<br />
*[[Limewire]]<br />
*[[Line (Application)]]<br />
*[[LinkedIn]]<br />
*[[Linus Torvalds]]<br />
*[[Live Video]]<br />
*[[Location targeted advertising]]<br />
*[[Lookbook.nu]]<br />
*[[Loot Box]]<br />
*[[Love Plus]]<br />
*[[Low Orbit Ion Cannon]]<br />
*[[Luciano Floridi]]<br />
*[[Lyft]]<br />
<br />
=== M ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Machine learning in healthcare]]<br />
*[[macOS]]<br />
*[[MagicBands]]<br />
*[[Major League Baseball]]<br />
*[[Manhunt]]<br />
*[[MapleStory]]<br />
*[[Mark Zuckerberg]]<br />
*[[Mashup]]<br />
*[[Mass Effect]]<br />
*''the'' [[The Matrix|Matrix]]<br />
*[[Internet meme|Meme]]<br />
*[[Mechanical Turk]]<br />
*[[Megaupload]]<br />
*[[Metadata]]<br />
*[[Metal Gear Solid]]<br />
*[[Mia Consalvo]]<br />
*[[Michael Kearns]]<br />
*[[Microsoft]]<br />
*[[Microsoft chatbots]]<br />
*[[Microtransactions]]<br />
*[[Miguel Sicart]]<br />
*[[Military Entertainment Complex]]<br />
*[[Minecraft]]<br />
*[[Mirai Botnet]]<br />
*[[Misinformation]]<br />
*[[MMORPGs]]<br />
*[[Mods]]<br />
*[[MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses)]]<br />
*[[Moore's Law]]<br />
*[[Morris Worm]]<br />
*[[Mortal Kombat]]<br />
*[[Mr. Robot]]<br />
*[[Music piracy]]<br />
*[[MuslimPro]]<br />
*[[Myanmar Social Media Blackout]]<br />
*[[Myspace]]<br />
<br />
=== N ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Naughty Dog]]<br />
*[[Napster]]<br />
*[[National Security Agency]]<br />
*[[NBA Top Shot]]<br />
*[[NSA Cryptography]]<br />
*[[NCAA Football (Video Game Series)]]<br />
*[[Need For Speed (Video Game Series)]]<br />
*[[Nest Thermostat]]<br />
*[[Net neutrality]]<br />
*[[Netflix]]<br />
*[[Nextdoor]]<br />
*[[NFT Art]]<br />
*[[Norbert Wiener]]<br />
*[[Nosedive, Black Mirror]]<br />
*[[Nymwars]]<br />
<br />
=== O ===<br />
----<br />
*[[OK The Pirate Bay]]<br />
*[[Omegle]]<br />
*[[One America News Network (OANN)]]<br />
*''Online'' {{Relation|overlaps with|Cyber|#Cyber}} {{Relation||Internet|#Internet}} {{Relation||Virtual|#Virtual}}<br />
**[[Cyberbullying|Bullying]] ''in Cyberspace''<br />
**[[Online Cheating|Cheating]]<br />
**[[Online Dating|Dating]]<br />
***[[Online Dating - Catfishing Edition|Catfishing]]<br />
**[[Online Gambling|Gambling]]<br />
**[[Online Identity|Identity]]<br />
**[[Online Identity Theft|Identity Theft]]<br />
**[[Libel Online|Libel]]<br />
**[[Online Poker]]<br />
**[[Online Reputation Systems|Reputation Systems]]<br />
**''Sex in'' [[Online Dating#Sex|Online Dating]]<br />
**[[Online shopping|Shopping]]<br />
**[[Cyberstalking|Stalking]] ''in CyberSpace''<br />
*[[Old School Runescape]]<br />
*[[The Open Internet|Open Internet]]<br />
*[[Onavo]]<br />
*[[OnlyFans]]<br />
*[[OnStar]]<br />
*[[OpenAi]]<br />
*[[Orwell (Video Game)]]<br />
*[[Overwatch]]<br />
*[[Open Source Software]]<br />
<br />
=== P ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Palantir Technologies]]<br />
*[[Pandora]]<br />
*[[Parasocial Relationship]]<br />
*[[PARO Therapeutic Robot]]<br />
*[[Parody]]<br />
*[[Parler]]<br />
*[[Patents]]<br />
*[[Patent Rights]]<br />
*[[PayDay 2]]<br />
*[[PayPal]]<br />
*[[Periscope]]<br />
*[[Peter Thiel]]<br />
*[[Philip Brey]]<br />
*''Photo'' {{Relation|issues of|Digital Photography|#D}}<br />
**[[Photo Editing|Editing]]<br />
**[[Phototruth|Truth]]<br />
*[[Pinterest]]<br />
*[[The Pirate Bay|Pirate Bay]]<br />
*[[Plagiarism]]<br />
*[[PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds]]<br />
*[[PlayStation Party Recording]]<br />
*[[Pokémon Go]]<br />
*[[PokerStars]]<br />
*[[Pornography]]<br />
*[[Portal 2]]<br />
*[[Postal 2]]<br />
*[[Prank YouTubers]]<br />
*[[Predictive Analytics]]<br />
*[[Predictive Policing]]<br />
*''Privacy''<br />
**[[Facebook Privacy Policy|Facebook Policy]]<br />
**''in'' [[Privacy in the China|China]]<br />
**''in'' [[Privacy in the Online Environment|Online Enviornment]]<br />
**''in'' [[Privacy in Social Networking|Social Networking]]<br />
**''in'' [[Privacy in public]]<br />
**[[Privacy Policies at Apple Inc.|Apple Policy]]<br />
*[[Privacy in Venmo]]<br />
*[[Privacy in the China]]<br />
*[[Pro-Ana Forums]]<br />
*[[Protect IP Act]]<br />
*[[Proxy Culture]]<br />
*[[Public Morality]]<br />
*[[The Punisher]]<br />
*[[Punishments in Virtual Environments]]<br />
<br />
===Q ===<br />
-----<br />
*[[QR Codes]]<br />
*[[Quora]]<br />
*[[Quantified Self Movement]]<br />
*[[Quantum Computing]]<br />
=== R ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Racial Algorithmic Bias]]<br />
*[[Racism in Video Games]]<br />
*[[Radio-frequency Identification]]<br />
*[[Ransomware]]<br />
*[[Raph Koster]]<br />
*[[Ray Kurzweil]]<br />
*[[Real Fake Page]]<br />
*[[Real Money Trade]]<br />
*[[Recommender Systems]]<br />
*[[Reddit]]<br />
**[[/r/AmITheAsshole]]<br />
**[[/r/wallstreetbets]]<br />
**[[/r/2meirl4meirl]]<br />
*[[Reid Hoffman]]<br />
*[[Remote Access]]<br />
*[[Renren]]<br />
*[[Revenge Porn]]<br />
*[[Richard Stallman]]<br />
*[[Right to be Forgotten]]<br />
*[[RIP Trolling]]<br />
*[[Rockmelt]]<br />
*[[Role of Parents in Internet Censorship]]<br />
*[[Rumble Fighter]]<br />
<br />
=== S ===<br />
------<br />
*[[Sampling (hip hop)]]<br />
*[[Self Driving Cars]]<br />
*[[Sergey Aleynikov]]<br />
*[[Serious Games]]<br />
*[[Senior Citizens]]<br />
*[[Sexting]]<br />
*[[Sharing Subscription Services]]<br />
*''Sims''<br />
**[[The Sims 3|The Sims 3]]<br />
**[[The Sims Online|The Sims Online]]<br />
**[[The Sims 4|The Sims 4]]<br />
*[[SingularityNet]]<br />
*[[Slack (Application)]]<br />
*[[Smart Doorbell]]<br />
*[[Smart Home]]<br />
*[[Smartphones (Location Services)]]<br />
*[[SNAP and Other Federal Nutrition Programs]]<br />
*[[Soccer & FIFA]]<br />
*[[Social Credit System]]<br />
*''Social''<br />
**[[Social Media in Sports|Media in Sports]]<br />
**[[Social media in national elections (2016)]]<br />
**[[Social Networking|Networking]]<br />
**[[Social Networking Services|Networking Services]] {{Relation|for sites|Facebook|Facebook}} {{Relation||Tianya.cn|Tianya.cn}} {{Relation||Twitter|Twitter}} {{Relation||Tumblr|Tumblr}}<br />
**[[Social Media (Meta)|Media (Meta)]]<br />
*[[Social Media and Depression]]<br />
*[[Social media and the 2020 US presidential election]]<br />
*[[Social Media Websites in Investigations]]<br />
*[[Solar Winds Hack]]<br />
* [[Sousveillance]]<br />
*[[Snapchat]]<br />
*[[Spam]]<br />
*[[Spoof]]<br />
*[[Spotify]]<br />
*[[Spycams in South Korea]]<br />
*[[Starcraft II]]<br />
*[[Statistical Modeling]]<br />
*[[Steam]]<br />
*[[Steve Jobs]]<br />
*[[Stop Online Piracy Act]]<br />
*[[Student-Athlete Social Media Monitoring]]<br />
*[[StumbleUpon]]<br />
*[[Stuxnet Trojan]] {{Relation|type of|Worm|#W}} {{Relation|utilizes|Rootkit|#R}}<br />
*[[Suits]]<br />
*[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]<br />
*[[Surveillance Capitalism]]<br />
*[[Surveillance in China]]<br />
*[[Surveillance Technologies]]<br />
*[[Sword Art Online]]<br />
<br />
=== T ===<br />
------<br />
*[[Targeted Advertising (Online)]]<br />
*[[Team Fortress 2]]<br />
*[[Technological Determinism]]<br />
*[[Technological Singularity]]<br />
*[[Technology in Baseball]]<br />
*[[Telepresence]]<br />
*[[Tencent]]<br />
*[[Tesla, Inc.]]<br />
*[[Testimonials]]<br />
*[[The Truman Show]]<br />
*[[The Internet's Footprint]]<br />
*[[Thomas M. Powers]]<br />
*[[Tianya.cn]]<br />
*[[TikTok]]<br />
*[[TikTok Subcultures]]<br />
*[[Tim Berners-Lee]]<br />
*[[Tinder]]<br />
*[[Tor]]<br />
*[[Touch ID]]<br />
*[[Transhumanism]]<br />
*[[Transparency in software development]]<br />
*[[Tristan Harris]]<br />
*[[Trustworthiness of information]]<br />
*[[Troll]]<br />
*[[Tumblr]]<br />
*[[Twitter]]<br />
*[[Twitch.tv]]<br />
<br />
=== U ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Uber]]<br />
*[[Ubiquitous Computing]]<br />
*[[Unabomber Manifesto]]<br />
*[[Uniqueness Debate]]<br />
*[[Undertale]]<br />
*[[Utilitarian Philosophy]]<br />
<br />
=== V ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Valorant]]<br />
*[[Valve]]<br />
*[[Value Sensitive Design]]<br />
*[[Venmo]]<br />
*''Virtual'' {{Relation|overlaps with|Cyber|#Cyber}} {{Relation||Internet|#Internet}} {{Relation||Online|#Online}}<br />
**[[Virtual Assistants]]<br />
**''Bullying in'' [[Cyberbullying|Cyberspace]]<br />
**[[Virtual Child Pornography|Child Pornography]]<br />
**[[Virtual Community|Community]]<br />
**[[Virtual Crimes and Punishments|Crimes and Punishments]]<br />
** ''Dating ''[[Online Dating#Virtual_Dating|Online]]<br />
**[[Virtual Dating Simulations|Dating Simulations]]<br />
**[[Virtual Environment|Environment]]<br />
**[[Punishments in Virtual Environments|Punishment]]<br />
**[[Virtual Private Network|Private Network]]<br />
**[[Virtual Rape|Rape]]<br />
**''Sex in'' [[Cybersex|Cyberspace]]<br />
**''Stalking in'' [[Cyberstalking|Cyberspace]]<br />
*[[Virtual sweatshops]]<br />
*[[Violence and video games]]<br />
*[[Violence in Video Games]]<br />
*[[Virtual Magic Kingdom]]<br />
*[[Virtual Private Network (VPN)]]<br />
*[[Virtual Reality and Computer Simulations]]<br />
*[[Virtual Reality in Prison]]<br />
*[[Video Surveillance]]<br />
*[[Voice imitation algorithms]]<br />
*[[Vlogging]]<br />
*[[Vuze]]<br />
<br />
=== W ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Warcraft III]]<br />
*[[Watch Dogs]]<br />
*[[Watson (computer)]]<br />
*[[Wattpad]]<br />
*[[Waze]]<br />
*[[Wearable health tech]]<br />
*[[Web 2.0]]<br />
*[[Web Applications]]<br />
*[[Webcams]]<br />
*[[Webtoon App]]<br />
*[[WeChat]]<br />
**[[Misinformation on WeChat]]<br />
*[[Weibo]]<br />
*[[Westworld and AI]]<br />
*[[WhatsApp]]<br />
*[[Whisper]]<br />
*[[Wii U]]<br />
*[[WikiLeaks]]<br />
*[[Wikipedia]]<br />
**[[Wikipedia Bots|Bots]]<br />
**[[Gender bias in Wikipedia]]<br />
*[[Witcher 3: Wild Hunt]]<br />
*[[Women in Gaming]]<br />
*[[World of Warcraft]]<br />
<br />
=== X ===<br />
----<br />
*[[The X-Files]]<br />
*[[Xkcd]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Y ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Yelp Reviewing]]<br />
*[[Yik Yak]]<br />
*''YouTube''<br />
**[[YouTube|YouTube (Website)]]<br />
**[[YouTube Beauty Community|Beauty Community]]<br />
**[[YouTube recommendation algorithm]]<br />
<br />
=== Z ===<br />
----<br />
*[[Zoom]]<br />
*[[Zynga]]</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=HireVue&diff=98348HireVue2021-03-21T22:38:42Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=580<br />
|NAME=LinkedIn<br />
|LOGO=Hirevue-New-Logo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Video-Interviewing-Hero-Banner.png<br />
|CAPTION=''"Sample Page"''<br />
|TEXT=LinkedIn<br />
|PLATFORM=Social Networking<br><br />
|TYPE=HR Software<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.hirevue.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=hirevue.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=2004<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''{{initial|H}}ireVue''' is a private Saas technology company based in Salt Lake City, Utah that sells enterprise software for one way interviewing. HireVue utilizes a combination of voice and facial recognition software to deliver automated asynchronous interviews at a large scale. The service is meant to streamline the traditional recruiting process with automated interviews so that recruiters can spend less time interviewing candidates while also increasing the number of candidates interviewed. HireVue also utilizes AI technology in their platform to deliver a more fair equitable recruiting process, although this has been met with some public criticism.<ref>[https://fortune.com/2021/01/19/hirevue-drops-facial-monitoring-amid-a-i-algorithm-audit/#:~:text=A.I.,-offers%20the%20promise&text=In%202019%2C%20the%20nonprofit%20Electronic,it's%20not%20done%20anything%20illegal. "HireVue drops facial monitoring amid A.I. algorithm audit"]</ref> <br />
==History==<br />
In 2004 HireVue was cofounded by Mark Newman and Chip Luman in 2004 while they were students at Westminster College. <ref>[https://www.forbes.com/companies/hirevue/?sh=4b1eb3c07adf]</ref> At first the software was just meant as a way for recruiters to give one way interviews and store the video footage for comparison and analysis of candidates. The company would ship webcams to candidates because webcams were still not common at the time.<ref>[https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/02/video-interviewing-platform-hirevue-grabs-25-million-from-sequoia-for-deeper-push-into-hr/] </ref> In 2008 HireVue received series A funding of $1,000,000 from Peterson Ventures. Two years later in 2010 HireVue received series B funding of $5,000,000 from both Peterson Ventures and Granite Ventures. HireVue proceeded to acquire CodeEval a company specialized in tech industry recruitment software for an undisclosed amount in 2012 as well as receive series C funding of $17,000,000 from five different investors. And then a year later in 2013 HireVue received series D funding of $25,000,000 from six different investors led by Sequoia Capital. In 2014 HireVue acquires another company Reschedge, a cloud technology company that specializes in interview scheduling technology solutions for an undisclosed amount. The company closes out another round of funding in 2015 with $45,000,000 from the series E round. HireVue then acquires Candidate Measures, MindX, and Ally in 2016,2018, and 2020. An undisclosed amount of money was also raised from The Carlyle Group in 2019.<ref>[https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/hirevue/company_overview/overview_timeline]</ref><br />
==Features==<br />
===Asynchronous===<br />
Through the use of webcam technology, HireVue can record a virtual interview for recruiters to analyze at a different time. This feature gives both recruiters and candidates the flexibility to conduct the interview at any time and at any location. Due to the flexibility of the interviews, companies using HireVue can send out virtual interview requests at a higher frequency than traditional interviews. HireVue claims that the increased number of interviews given will increase diversity in hiring because of the wider net cast.<br />
===AI Technology===<br />
HireVue started utilizing AI technology in 2014 to analyze and assess candidate performance.<ref>[https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-peopleanalytics/submission/hirevue-a-face-scanning-algorithm-decides-whether-you-deserve-the-job/]</ref> Facial recognition and speech analysis technology allows nuances such as facial mannerisms and speech tone and patterns to be quantified. By using proprietary algorithms on large data sets HireVue can produce data on what a future top performer will look like. Overall performance of candidates is outputted as a employability score for companies to use. Use of this automated AI technology has been met with criticism.<br />
==Controversies==<br />
The use of AI software to judge candidate performance has been met with many criticisms. In 2019 the Electronic Privacy Information Center filed a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission to investigate the ethics of facial recognition algorithms used by HireVue. <ref>[https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/12/12/20993665/artificial-intelligence-ai-job-screen]</ref> Critics have said that the use of analyzing features such as speech accents, sentence structures, and facial expressions can lead to inherent biases with hiring. Candidates that come from minority groups often have different speech and facial mannerisms than the candidates that are labeled as high performing by HireVue's AI technology. In an effort to combat these criticisms HireVue has dropped the use of facial analysis in calculating an employability score and has had third party audits done on their software to maintain a standard of ethics in regards to diversity. The third party audits have resulted in positive results but with areas to still improve. There are still many criticisms on the use of speech analysis in HireVue technology.<br />
==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category:Services]]<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" align="left" border="1"<br />
|style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em" | ←''[[{{{1|{{{1|}}}Topics}}}|Back]]'' • ↑''[[#top|Top of Page]]''<br />
|} {{Section|||#BOTTOM}}</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=HireVue&diff=98336HireVue2021-03-21T01:06:11Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{SoftwareInfoBox<br />
|HEIGHT=580<br />
|NAME=LinkedIn<br />
|LOGO=Hirevue-New-Logo.png<br />
|SCREENIMAGE=Video-Interviewing-Hero-Banner.png<br />
|CAPTION=''"Sample Page"''<br />
|TEXT=LinkedIn<br />
|PLATFORM=Social Networking<br><br />
|TYPE=HR Software<br />
|SITEURL=https://www.hirevue.com/<br />
|URLTEXT=hirevue.com<br />
|STATUS=Active<br />
|LAUNCH=2004<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''{{initial|H}}ireVue''' is a private Saas technology company based in Salt Lake City, Utah that sells enterprise software for one way interviewing. HireVue utilizes a combination of voice and facial recognition software to deliver automated asynchronous interviews at a large scale. The service is meant to streamline the traditional recruiting process with automated interviews so that recruiters can spend less time interviewing candidates while also increasing the number of candidates interviewed. HireVue also utilizes AI technology in their platform to deliver a more fair equitable recruiting process, although this has been met with some public criticism.<ref>[https://fortune.com/2021/01/19/hirevue-drops-facial-monitoring-amid-a-i-algorithm-audit/#:~:text=A.I.,-offers%20the%20promise&text=In%202019%2C%20the%20nonprofit%20Electronic,it's%20not%20done%20anything%20illegal. "HireVue drops facial monitoring amid A.I. algorithm audit"]</ref> In 2014 HireVue acquires another company Reschedge, a cloud technology company that specializes in interview scheduling technology solutions for an undisclosed amount. The company closes out another round of funding in 2015 with $45,000,000 from the series E round. HireVue then acquires Candidate Measures, MindX, and Ally in 2016,2018, and 2020. An undisclosed amount of money was also raised from The Carlyle Group in 2019.<ref>[https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/hirevue/company_overview/overview_timeline]</ref> <br />
==History==<br />
In 2004 HireVue was cofounded by Mark Newman and Chip Luman in 2004 while they were students at Westminster College. <ref>[https://www.forbes.com/companies/hirevue/?sh=4b1eb3c07adf]</ref> At first the software was just meant as a way for recruiters to give one way interviews and store the video footage for comparison and analysis of candidates. The company would ship webcams to candidates because webcams were still not common at the time.<ref>[https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/02/video-interviewing-platform-hirevue-grabs-25-million-from-sequoia-for-deeper-push-into-hr/] </ref> In 2008 HireVue received series A funding of $1,000,000 from Peterson Ventures. Two years later in 2010 HireVue received series B funding of $5,000,000 from both Peterson Ventures and Granite Ventures. HireVue proceeded to acquire CodeEval a company specialized in tech industry recruitment software for an undisclosed amount in 2012 as well as receive series C funding of $17,000,000 from five different investors. And then a year later in 2013 HireVue received series D funding of $25,000,000 from six different investors led by Sequoia Capital. In 2014 HireVue acquires another company Reschedge, a cloud technology company that specializes in interview scheduling technology solutions for an undisclosed amount. The company closes out another round of funding in 2015 with $45,000,000 from the series E round. HireVue then acquires Candidate Measures, MindX, and Ally in 2016,2018, and 2020. An undisclosed amount of money was also raised from The Carlyle Group in 2019.<ref>[https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/hirevue/company_overview/overview_timeline]</ref><br />
==Features==<br />
===Asynchronous===<br />
Through the use of webcam technology, HireVue can record a virtual interview for recruiters to analyze at a different time. This feature gives both recruiters and candidates the flexibility to conduct the interview at any time and at any location. Due to the flexibility of the interviews, companies using HireVue can send out virtual interview requests at a higher frequency than traditional interviews.<br />
===AI Technology===<br />
==Controversies==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{resource|<br />
<references/><br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Websites]]<br />
[[Category:Services]]<br />
([[Topics|back to index]])<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" align="left" border="1"<br />
|style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em" | ←''[[{{{1|{{{1|}}}Topics}}}|Back]]'' • ↑''[[#top|Top of Page]]''<br />
|} {{Section|||#BOTTOM}}</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Hirevue-New-Logo.png&diff=98335File:Hirevue-New-Logo.png2021-03-21T00:33:27Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Video-Interviewing-Hero-Banner.png&diff=98334File:Video-Interviewing-Hero-Banner.png2021-03-21T00:32:37Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=HireVue&diff=98333HireVue2021-03-20T20:36:28Z<p>Alexwong: create page</p>
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<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Shi_Ya_Wong&diff=95066Shi Ya Wong2021-03-07T23:08:03Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
I began my online presence at a young age. My family has had a shared computer and broadband internet since I was a child. As early as 2nd grade I remember rushing home after school so I could get online and play computer games with my friends. My digital imprint began when I first got a facebook account in sixth grade. Not many of my classmates had social media accounts at that time but I wanted to play the online games that were available on Facebook. Facebook was the main social media I used through middle school and high school. I did not have a smart phone until senior year of highschool so I missed out on other social media trends such as snapchat and instagram. Even though I have accounts on the typical social media sites, I am not very active on any of them and do my best to keep them private. However I am active on social media through other outlets. I have accounts on forums such as reddit and discord. These forums allow for anonymity through a online screen name. The increased privacy is a factor that contributes to my increased usage on these sites as opposed to traditional social media. <br />
[[File:Alex wong screenshot.png|thumbnail]]<br />
==Searching for Myself==<br />
Legally my name is Shi Ya Wong but in an effort to americanize myself and assimilate into the country when I moved here from Singapore, my parents decided to give me the name Alex Wong. This distinction is clear in my online footprint. My professional accounts are often under the name Shi Ya, whereas my casual social media accounts are under the name Alex because that is what most people know me as. Doing a quick google search of both Shi Ya Wong and Alex Wong yields countless results of other individuals. I have a very common name making it very hard to pinpoint my online identity. When Alex Wong is searched on google the results are filled with information on the famous dancer that starred on “Dancing with the Stars” television program. The Shi Ya Wong Search brings a more varied result with a collection of other asian individuals. After not much success with google I proceeded to try to find myself on instant checkmate. Even with more details such as hometown and other clarifying questions, the website was not able to pinpoint my identity and history. Although my digital footprint exists online it is hard to track down due to how common my name is.<br />
==Social Media==<br />
I try my best to keep my posting to a minimum and have all my social media accounts set to private. However if someone was an approved connection on my social media there is a wealth of information that can be derived from my profiles. A quick scroll through my facebook account lets you know where I am from, where I go to school, what music I listen to, and what activities I partake in. Through my posts you get a glimpse into my personality with details like what my political leanings are and what kind of humor I enjoy. If you dig far enough you can find common usernames that I use such as “wongio123”. With this information you can find my online profiles that are not linked to my name. A quick search of wongio123 yields my flickr, reddit, mangadex, and accounts on various music forums. Out of these profiles, reddit is my most used and therefore yields the most information about me. You can see the various sub communities I am involved in through the subreddits that I post in. My most frequented ones are r/uofm, r/csmajors, r/emo, and r/mma. These sites that obscure identity through a username provide a level of anonymity that is not present with traditional social media. AS a result of the anonymity users including myself are more inclined to share private details about ourselves. These private details are not as private when not attached to a real life identity. Although my traditional social media accounts offer a very surface level view into who I am as a person, digging deeper leads you to accounts that are supposed to be anonymous therefore more revealing of who I am.<br />
[[File:Alex wong facebook screenshot.png|thumbnail]]<br />
==DIY==<br />
A major component of my online identity is my involvement in the DIY music scene. DIY is a grassroots music community with roots in hardcore punk. Nowadays it encompasses many different music genres while maintaining the do it yourself attitude to booking shows and releasing music. I was first introduced to the music scene in high school through my favorite local michigan bands and I quickly realized that social media played a big role in the logistics of the scene. The main platform used has changed many times throughout the years, from myspace to tumblr and now to facebook. The internet has always played a crucial role in letting musicians organize, network, and advertise. I am the main manager for my band as well as the booking manager for the venue Metal Frat. You can see from my facebook profile that I am constantly using the platform to advertise and organize concerts using the events feature. Another benefit of facebook is the suggested friends feature. This makes finding people involved in the music community and networking with them easier. Without facebook booking tours without a booking agent would be near impossible. The internet provides a space for niche communities to exist and thrive while leaving a digital imprint of all who participate in it. Although this space is often less formal than traditional facebook, it is still carries an air of professionalism. No one wants to do business with a band that has a poor online reputation. As a result, the online DIY space has become a tool for those involved in the music scene to conduct business rather than a space to showcase our personal identities. <br />
==Conclusion==<br />
Due to the prevalence of my name and privacy settings it is very difficult to pinpoint my online identity on the internet. Even with access to my social media accounts only a surface level picture can be painted of who I am. There are many people I barely know on my social media so I am not very inclined to share personal details on there. However if you were to dig further and find my online aliases you can find a lot more personal information. This is because without a name attached to my profile I am more free to express my thoughts without judgement. This can be both a positive and negative feature of the internet. Freedom of speech allows people to truly express themselves but this can lead to echo chambers of hate. An example of this is the online forum 4chan. By design all the users are anonymous and can freely post regardless of language and topic. This has led to a culture of hate to develop within the community where other users reaffirm hateful speech. With the connection to my online personas a more detailed and complete digital identity can be built. However just like the surface level digital identity It is not a complete representation of who I am. Our identities are very nuanced and diverse and cannot be represented by static information recorded online.</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Talk:Elena_Tzalel&diff=94343Talk:Elena Tzalel2021-02-27T19:38:29Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div>'''Hannah Weirens:''' Although this is a draft, Elena did a very surface-level analysis of her data identity. She briefly described the search results she found when she searched for herself. She can work to develop this before the final version of the data identity assignment is due, as well as add at least two photos, since she did not add any yet and that was required for the assignment. Elena wrote in a very conversational style, which made it very easy to follow. And although it flowed nicely and didn’t have any noticeable grammatical errors, she does have to add a decent amount more to reach the recommended length for this assignment so that would be something to be more concerned about later. I also think Elena could add sections to her profile (instead of having it as one large body of text). Overall, I think Elena is off to a good start for her draft and just needs to continue developing it!<br />
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'''James Benjey:''' Building on Emma’s comments, your conversational style made your statement very easy to read. I think you’ve got a great start and could easily build a structure from your current iteration. Your statement is clear to me, “I don't think that a person's internet persona can even begin to graze who they actually are as a person”. I want to know more about this when reading further, I appreciate reading about the persona you found online and I’d like to hear how it compares to who you see yourself as. Is it our behavior? Are we judged by one action or all actions? Reading your work made me think of many questions which I feel means you have a great foundation!<br />
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'''Shi Ya Wong''' I think this a good start to the data identity statement. I liked how you searched for yourself online and analyzed the results and compared it to your expectations. I think you could dig deeper with your search with clarifying terms like adding your hometown or school to the search of your name. Additionally I think you could search yourself on a background checker such as checkmate.com. I also enjoyed the conversational style of your writing and I feel it fits well with the assignment. I think you could add more analysis on the results of your searches and whether or not it depicts an accurate picture of your identity.</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Talk:Rahil_Patel&diff=94342Talk:Rahil Patel2021-02-27T19:15:14Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div>==== Morgan Tucker Comment ====<br />
Hey Rahil! I enjoyed reading your insightful reflections on your searches and who the internet portrays you to be. I like how the reader can see you changing your mindset from "don't believe everything you see online" and you can believe it but understand there are missing pieces. You also made a good point that, though your Linkedin can tell someone about your work experience and interests, it is simply what you want people to know about you "on paper". On one hand, it is nice that you can curate what people know about you, but to truly know someone, one must meet face to face. Something that may be beneficial would be considering the order you discuss your search results. You could have your piece on social media first because that is more general, and then get into your specific searches. Just some things to consider, but not crucial changes. Overall, great investigations and reflections. - Morgan Tucker<br />
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==== Zhiyuan Sun Comment ====<br />
Hi Rahil! You did a good job on writing your personal data identity statement. I can see your time and effort in doing research about yourself. It is good that you tried different methods and it is interesting that you noticed some differences between your three matches. Your information about the University of Michigan is not shown well but the LinkedIn profile appears in the search result. It is good to protect privacy. If I had to point out some improvements, I would say that you can talk more about the deep reason that is behind the phenomenon. It would be great if you add more content about your own thoughts and feelings and also analyze why the results are like that and try to generalize your idea to a broader concept. I would also suggest you to use a website called CheckMate, which allows you to find your identity more thoroughly.<br />
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===Shi Ya Wong Comment===<br />
Hello Rahil! I really enjoyed reading your data identity statement. It was very interesting how you discovered parts of yourself on the internet. I liked the distinction you made between what you see online and what is actually true. I liked how you illustrated and organized the key points from your online searches into the michigan and golf categories. It is definitely interesting how your highschool golf achievements were easier to find than your college experience. Maybe you should go into why that is and come up with an explanation. I think you could talk about how your linkedin identity and how that relates to your actual identity. I also suggest using a background searcher such as Check mate. Overall I really enjoyed the wikimedia post, it was very insightful how the internet portrays individuals.</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Shi_Ya_Wong&diff=93701Shi Ya Wong2021-02-20T20:21:09Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
I began my online presence at a young age. My family has had a shared computer and broadband internet since I was a child. As early as 2nd grade I remember rushing home after school so I could get online and play computer games with my friends. My digital imprint began when I first got a facebook account in sixth grade. Not many of my classmates had social media accounts at that time but I wanted to play the online games that were available on Facebook. Facebook was the main social media I used through middle school and high school. I did not have a smart phone until senior year of highschool so I missed out on other social media trends such as snapchat and instagram. Even though I have accounts on the typical social media sites, I am not very active on any of them and do my best to keep them private.<br />
[[File:Alex wong screenshot.png|thumbnail]]<br />
==Searching for Myself==<br />
Legally my name is Shi Ya Wong but in an effort to americanize myself and assimilate into the country when I moved here from Singapore, my parents decided to give me the name Alex Wong. This distinction is clear in my online footprint. My professional accounts are often under the name Shi Ya, whereas my casual social media accounts are under the name Alex because that is what most people know me as. Doing a quick google search of both Shi Ya Wong and Alex Wong yields countless results of other individuals. I have a very common name making it very hard to pinpoint my online identity. When Alex Wong is searched on google the results are filled with information on the famous dancer that starred on “Dancing with the Stars” television program. The Shi Ya Wong Search brings a more varied result with a collection of other asian individuals. After not much success with google I proceeded to try to find myself on instant checkmate. Even with more details such as hometown and other clarifying questions, the website was not able to pinpoint my identity and history. Although my digital footprint exists online it is hard to track down due to how common my name is.<br />
==Social Media==<br />
I try my best to keep my posting to a minimum and have all my social media accounts set to private. However if someone was an approved connection on my social media there is a wealth of information that can be derived from my profiles. A quick scroll through my facebook account lets you know where I am from, where I go to school, what music I listen to, and what activities I partake in. Through my posts you get a glimpse into my personality with details like what my political leanings are and what kind of humor I enjoy. If you dig far enough you can find common usernames that I use such as “wongio123”. With this information you can find my online profiles that are not linked to my name. A quick search of wongio123 yields my flickr, reddit, mangadex, and accounts on various music forums. Out of these profiles, reddit is my most used and therefore yields the most information about me. You can see the various sub communities I am involved in through the subreddits that I post in. My most frequented ones are r/uofm, r/csmajors, r/emo, and r/mma. Although my traditional social media accounts offer a very surface level view into who I am as a person, digging deeper leads you to accounts that are supposed to be anonymous therefore more revealing of who I am.<br />
[[File:Alex wong facebook screenshot.png|thumbnail]]<br />
==DIY==<br />
A major component of my online identity is my involvement in the DIY music scene. DIY is a grassroots music community with roots in hardcore punk. Nowadays it encompasses many different music genres while maintaining the do it yourself attitude to booking shows and releasing music. I was first introduced to the music scene in high school through my favorite local michigan bands and I quickly realized that social media played a big role in the logistics of the scene. The main platform used has changed many times throughout the years, from myspace to tumblr and now to facebook. I am the main manager for my band as well as the booking manager for the venue Metal Frat. You can see from my facebook profile that I am constantly using the platform to advertise and organize concerts using the events feature. Another benefit of facebook is the suggested friends feature. This makes finding people involved in the music community and networking with them easier. Without facebook booking tours without a booking agent would be near impossible. The internet provides a space for niche communities to exist and thrive while leaving a digital imprint of all who participate in it. <br />
==Conclusion==<br />
Due to the prevalence of my name and privacy settings it is very difficult to pinpoint my online identity on the internet. Even with access to my social media accounts only a surface level picture can be painted of who I am. There are many people I barely know on my social media so I am not very inclined to share personal details on there. However if you were to dig further and find my online aliases you can find a lot more personal information. This is because without a name attached to my profile I am more free to express my thoughts without judgement. This can be both a positive and negative feature of the internet. Freedom of speech allows people to truly express themselves but this can lead to echo chambers of hate. An example of this is the online forum 4chan. By design all the users are anonymous and can freely post regardless of language and topic. This has led to a culture of hate to develop within the community where other users reaffirm hateful speech. With the connection to my online personas a more detailed and complete digital identity can be built. However just like the surface level digital identity It is not a complete representation of who I am. Our identities are very nuanced and diverse and cannot be represented by static information recorded online.</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Alex_wong_facebook_screenshot.png&diff=93700File:Alex wong facebook screenshot.png2021-02-20T20:20:51Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=File:Alex_wong_screenshot.png&diff=93699File:Alex wong screenshot.png2021-02-20T20:20:07Z<p>Alexwong: </p>
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<div></div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=Shi_Ya_Wong&diff=92398Shi Ya Wong2021-02-19T00:57:05Z<p>Alexwong: temp</p>
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<div>temp</div>Alexwonghttp://si410wiki.sites.uofmhosting.net/index.php?title=User:Alexwong&diff=92392User:Alexwong2021-02-19T00:52:31Z<p>Alexwong: start</p>
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<div>temp</div>Alexwong